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Two pot experiments were conducted during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 winter seasons to study the effect of biochar (BC) as soil amendments at two rates 2% and 5%, seaweed extract (SWE) as foliar applications at 1 and 2 g/l and the combination between BC 2% and SWE treatments on growth, yield attributes and some macro- and micronutrients concentration in roots, leaves and grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Sakha 93. Two samples were taken at 105 and 150 days after sowing. At the first sample date, plant height, leaves number per main tiller, number of tillers/plant, shoot fresh weight, root length, root fresh weight, chlorophyll reading, spikes number per plant, main spike length and N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations in roots and leaves were determined. At the second sample date (harvesting time), spike weight, number of grains per spike, weight of grains/spike and weight of 100 grains were recorded and nutrients concentrations in grains were determined. Obtained results revealed that, adding biochar, sprayed seaweed extract treatments individually or in combination have stimulating effect on the most of morphological characters and yield components as compared with control plants in both seasons. Generally, using the low level of BC at 2% individually or in combination with SWE treatments has more promotion effect on the most of growth parameters and yield components and achieved the highest concentrations on the most of macro- and micronutrients in roots, leaves and grains as compared with the control in both seasons.

Two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018 were conducted at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt to study the response of hot pepper plant (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. Hot Chili growth, fruit setting, yield and some biochemical constituents linked with the yield and quality characteristics to foliar spraying with calcium chloride at 0, 1000 and 2000 ppm, boric acid at 0, 200 and 400 ppm and their combinations. Results indicated that all foliar applications of calcium chloride and boric acid treatments individual or in combination markedly increased the vegetative growth characteristics, fruit setting percentage and fruits yield of hot pepper plants. Foliar spraying with 2000 ppm of calcium chloride plus 200 or 400 ppm of boric acid treatments obviously gave the higher values of plant height, number of branches per plant, shoot fresh and dry weights, fruit setting, fruits yield/ plant and fruits yield/ feddan as well as total carotenoids, vitamin C and N, P and K concentrations compared to the check treatment in both tested seasons.

Snap bean is a salt sensitive plant and suffers from losses in yield and pod quality with any little increase of salt concentration in irrigation water. In order to study the effect of salicylic acid (SA), spermidine (Spd), and glycine betaine (GB) as phytoprotectants on enhancing growth, yield and pod quality of snap bean under different levels of NaCl salinity, an outdoor pot experiment was conducted in 2012 and 2013 seasons. Salinity was applied as NaCl form at 0 and 2000 ppm. The concentrations of foliar treatments were two levels for each treatment; the first level was 0 mM which served as control, and the second level was 1 mM SA, 0.5 mM Spd and 5 mM GB, in addition to their combinations. NaCl salinity at 2000 ppm reduced most of vegetative growth parameters such as plant f.w., leaf area ratio and leaf area index, which in turn reflected on the reduction of pods no./plant and yield f.w./plant and an increase in the fruit abscission percentage. Pod moisture % decreased under 2000 ppm NaCl which reduced pod f.w., and increased pod curvature %. Under 2000 ppm NaCl, GB at 5 mM and all its combinations increased membrane stability index, total soluble sugars and total soluble proteins concentration, while reducing free amino acids concentration, which were concomitant with decreasing pod curvature %. Meanwhile, application of SA at 1 mM, GB at 5 mM, and GB5 + SA1 + Spd0.5 increased leaves and pods no./plant, pod moisture %, and pod f.w., which reflected on increasing green pod yield.