1. Toxicity and residual activity of spinetoram to neonate larvae of Grapholita molesta (Busck) and Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Semi-field and laboratory trials
- Author
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Antonio Masetti, Edison Pasqualini, Laura Depalo, Jesús Avilla, Dolors Bosch, Depalo, Laura, Masetti, Antonio, Avilla, Jesú, Bosch, Dolor, and Pasqualini, Edison
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Tortricidae ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Codling moth ,Arthropod bioassay ,Orchard ,Residual activity ,Insect ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Toxicology ,Oriental fruit moth ,media_common ,Saccharopolyspora spinosa ,Larva ,fungi ,Entomologia ,biology.organism_classification ,Grapholita molesta ,010602 entomology ,Horticulture ,Plagues agrícoles ,Toxicity ,IPM ,Lepidòpters ,Baseline susceptibility ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Spinetoram is a fermentation insecticide, derived from the actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa. It works by disrupting the GABA-gated chloride channels and by causing persistent activation of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of spinetoram for control of neonate larvae of both oriental fruit moth (OFM) Grapholita molesta (Busck) and codling moth (CM) Cydia pomonella (L.) in semi-field and laboratory trials. OFM and CM neonate larvae responded similarly to spinetoram, which showed high efficacy on both species. In semi-field experiments, regression analysis of the percentage of damaged fruits as a function of days after treatment showed a better performance of the highest spinetoram dose (10 g a.i./hl) in comparison with the maximum recommended field dose of the reference product emamectin benzoate (2.85 g a.i./hl). Surface-treated diet assays revealed LC50 values of 6.59 and 8.44 ng a.i./cm2 for neonate larvae of OFM and CM larvae, respectively. High percentages of mortality were recorded on both species after 24-h exposure to treated diet. For these reasons spinetoram could be considered a valuable tool in IPM strategies for OFM and CM control.
- Published
- 2016