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The aim of the paper is to determine balanced key performance indicators of the largest Serbian foundries, as well as to examine the influence of organizational learning through internal processes to foundries financial perspectives, by using the BSC method. The empirical research was conducted at the Guča foundry. After establishing the performance indicators, it was identified four perspectives - financial perspective, customer relationship perspective, perspective of internal processes and learning and development perspective. Subsequently, it was considered the impact of financial perspective to the Guča foundry business operations. Through multivariate regression statistics, it was confirmed that in the Guča foundry existed significant linear interdependence between the level of organizational knowledge and the financial perspective expressed by EBITDA rate. Conclusions reached through the research may be applied for proper and timely adaption to new business conditions, new trends and new technologies, both to foundry industry and economy as the whole, in Serbia as well as in the whole world.