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20 results on '"Benoît Encelle"'

1. Towards Web Browsing Assistance Using Task Modeling Based on Observed Usages

Author

Karim Sehaba, Benoît Encelle, Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)

Subjects
Unit testing, Finite-state machine, Computer science, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Task (project management), Metamodeling, Set (abstract data type), Knowledge extraction, Human–computer interaction, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Web application, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Web navigation, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

This article deals with knowledge extracted from observed usages of Web sites/applications for assistance purposes. The extracted knowledge is used to develop assistance systems in order to help a) users in carrying out Web browsing tasks, or b) designers to adapt/redesign Web applications. The suggested approach involves the generation of task models from interaction traces, which are then used to perform assistance. Task metamodel characteristics for assistance purposes are firstly identified and then used to develop a comparative study of some well-known task metamodels, resulting in the selection of the ConcurTaskTrees (CTT) metamodel. In order to generate CTT task models, a set of algorithms that identify CTT operators from interaction traces - represented as deterministic finite state automata - are presented. We also expose an approach for performing assistance, for users and designers, based on task models and finally conducted unit testing and validation based on two real web browsing scenarios.

Published
2020

2. A Pilot Study on Estimating Players Dispositional Profiles from Game Traces Analysis

Author

Abir-Beatrice Karami, Benoît Encelle, Karim Sehaba, Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)

Subjects
Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Control (management), ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Serious game, Change management (ITSM), Order (business), Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Profiling (information science), Personality, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Representation (mathematics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050107 human factors, TRACE (psycholinguistics), media_common
Abstract

This work is a part of a project concerned with providing immersive and realistic experiences in video and serious games. Among other questions, the project relates to finding the best approach to represent and analyze game logs (traces) in order to improve the player experience through, for example, adaptive game flow. Understanding the player’s profile is one key point towards adaptive, personalized and immersive experiences. To this end, this paper aims to present a non-intrusive approach to calculate the player’s profile by analyzing his/her game traces (indirect profiling). This calculation is based on in-game information like the current situation and the player interactions with non-player characters. The representation of the player’s profile is based on a social-psychological model called the dispositional approach using 4 dimensions: time, control, motivation and relations. Pilot experiments were run with registered game traces of 15 participants playing a serious game on change management in professional environments. Calculated players’ profiles from traces analysis are then compared with the profiles issued from a dispositional profiling questionnaire and a post-game interview with a social expert. This first experiment shows that applying a trace-based approach for player profiling can be efficient. It also highlights that when game instructions and objectives are specific and precise, they can cause a deviation of the player behavior from his/her real-life behavior and personality.

Published
2019

3. Adaptive artificial companions learning from users’ feedback

Author

Karim Sehaba, Benoît Encelle, Abir B. Karami, Equipe MAD - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)

Subjects
Adaptive behavior, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Exploit, Process (engineering), Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Personalization, Behavioral Neuroscience, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Function (engineering), Adaptation (computer science), media_common, business.industry, Companion robots, Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), Interaction Traces, Learning from users’ feedback, [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], Robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Markov decision process, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract

Until recently, propositions on the subject of intelligent service companions, like robots, were mostly user and environment independent. Our work is part of the FUI-RoboPopuli project, which concentrates on endowing entertainment companion robots with adaptive and social behavior. More precisely, we focus on the capacity of an intelligent system to learn how to personalize and adapt its behavior/actions according to its interaction situation that describes (a) the current user attributes, and (b) the current environment attributes. Our approach is based on models of the type of Markov decision processes (MDPs) that are largely used for adaptive robot applications. In order to have, as quickly as possible, a relevant adaptive behavior whatever the interaction situation, several approaches were proposed to decrease the sample complexity required to learn the MDP model, including its reward function. We argue that systems that are based on detecting important attributes for each decision are more likely to converge faster than others. To this end, we present two algorithms to learn the MDP reward function through analyzing interaction traces (i.e., the interaction history between the robot and its users including their feedback regarding the robot actions). The first algorithm is direct, certain and does not particularly exploit its knowledge to adapt to unknown situations (i.e., unknown users’ and/or environment settings). The second is able to detect the importance of certain situation attributes in the adaptation process. The detection of important attributes is used to speed up the learning process and helps by generalizing the learned reward function to unknown situations. In this paper, we present both learning algorithms, simulated experiments and an experiment with the EMOX (EMOtion eXchange) robot that was upgraded during the FUI-RoboPopuli project. The results of those experiments prove that when dealing with adaptive decision making, the detection of important attributes for each decision speeds up the learning process and help in achieving convergence using fewer samples. We also present a scaling analysis through the simulated experiments.

Published
2016

4. Capturing and Indexing Rehearsals: The Design and Usage of a Digital Archive of Performing Arts

Author

Rémi Ronfard, Benoît Encelle, Pierre-Antoine Champin, Thomas Steiner, Cyrille Migniot, Florent Thiery, Nicolas Sauret, Vineet Gandhi, Intuitive Modeling and Animation for Interactive Graphics & Narrative Environments (IMAGINE), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning (SICAL), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation (IRI), Centre Pompidou, Traces, Web, Education, Adaptation, Knowledge (TWEAK), Université de Bourgogne (UB), UBICAST [Ivry-sur-Seine], Projet CIBLE Scénoptique de la Région Rhône Alpes, ANR-12-CORP-0015,Spectale en ligne(s),Constitution de Corpus, analyse génétique de spectacles et nouvelles publications collaboratives à l'aide d'un dispositif pour la captation, l'indexation et le partage d'archives enrichies selon les standards du Web sémantique, audiovisuel et social(2012), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Intuitive Modeling and Animation for Interactive Graphics & Narrative Environments ( IMAGINE ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann ( LJK ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ), Situated Interaction, Collaboration, Adaptation and Learning ( SICAL ), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information ( LIRIS ), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation ( IRI ), Traces, Web, Education, Adaptation, Knowledge ( TWEAK ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), ANR-12-CORP-0015,Spectale en ligne(s),Constitution de Corpus, analyse génétique de spectacles et nouvelles publications collaboratives à l’aide d’un dispositif pour la captation, l’indexation et le partage d’archives enrichies selon les standards du Web sémantique, audiovisuel et social ( 2012 ), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Digital archiving, Computer science, [ INFO.INFO-WB ] Computer Science [cs]/Web, 02 engineering and technology, [ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], computer.software_genre, [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, video processing, World Wide Web, Documentation, opera, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Audio signal processing, [ INFO.INFO-MM ] Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], Hypervideo, Multimedia, hypervideo, [INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], 020207 software engineering, [ MATH.MATH-NA ] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Video processing, Linked data, performing arts, audio processing, Cultural heritage, Workflow, theater, Linked Data, [ SHS.MUSEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Performing arts, computer, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract

International audience; Preserving the cultural heritage of the performing arts raises difficult and sensitive issues, as each performance is unique by nature and the juxtaposition between the performers and the audience cannot be easily recorded. In this paper, we report on an experimental research project to preserve another aspect of the performing arts—the history of their rehearsals. We have specifically designed non-intrusive video recording and on-site documentation techniques to make this process transparent to the creative crew, and have developed a complete workflow to publish the recorded video data and their corresponding meta-data online as Open Data using state-of-the-art audio and video processing to maximize non-linear navigation and hypervideo linking. The resulting open archive is made publicly available to researchers and amateurs alike and offers a unique account of the inner workings of the worlds of theater and opera.

Published
2015

5. Adaptive and Personalised Robots - Learning from Users' Feedback

Author

Benoît Encelle, Abir-Beatrice Karami, Karim Sehaba, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), and Projet FUI Robot-Populi

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Service (systems architecture), Point (typography), business.industry, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Adaptive and personalised robots, Markov process, 02 engineering and technology, Markov Decision Processes MDPs, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], symbols.namesake, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, Robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, Markov decision process, business, Representation (mathematics), Function (engineering), Learning from users feedback, media_common
Abstract

International audience; Service robots have become increasingly important subjects in our lives. However, they are still facing problems like adaptability to their users. While major work has focused on intelligent service robots, the proposed approaches were mostly user independent. Our work is part of the FUI-RoboPopuli project, which concentrates on endowing entertainment companion robots with adaptive and social behaviour. In particular, we are interested in robots that are able to learn and plan so that they adapt and personalize their behaviour according to their users. Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are largely used for adaptive robots applications. However, one challenging point is reducing the sample complexity required to learn an MDP model, including the reward function. In this article, we present our contribution regarding the representation and the learning of the reward function through analysing interaction traces (i.e. the interaction history between the robot and their users, including users' feedback). Our approach permits to generalise the learned rewards so that when new users are introduced, the robot may quickly adapt using what it learned from previous experiences with other users. We propose, in this article, two algorithms to learn the reward function. The first is direct and certain; the robot applies with a user what it learned during interaction with same kind of users (i.e. users with similar profiles). The second algorithm generalises what it learns to be applied to all kinds of users. Through simulation, we show that the generalised algorithm converges to an optimal reward function with less than half the samples needed by the direct algorithm.

Published
2013

6. Towards the usage of pauses in audio-described videos

Author

Yannick Prié, Benoît Encelle, Magali Ollagnier Beldame, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Nantes Atlantique (LINA), and Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Video accessibility, Multimedia, Computer science, video enrichment, 05 social sciences, Process (computing), 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, pauses in audiodescription, computer.software_genre, Void (composites), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], computer, 050107 human factors
Abstract

International audience; Classical audiodescription process for improving video accessibility sometimes finds its limits. Depending on the video, required descriptions can be omitted because these may not fit in the durations of "gaps" in the video soundtrack (i.e. "void" spaces between dialogues or important sound elements). To address this issue, we present an exploratory work that focuses on the usage of "artificial" pauses in audio-described videos. Such pauses occur during the playing of the video so as to transmit more audio-descriptions. Our results show artificial pauses offer a good acceptability level as well as a low disturbing effect.

Published
2013

7. A Framework for Usage-based Document Reengineering

Author

Yannick Prié, Benoît Encelle, Azze-Eddine Mared, Madjid Sadallah, Prié, Yannick, DTISI, CERIST, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), LINA, and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Cover (telecommunications), Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, H.5.2 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces, I.7.4 [Document and Text Processing]: Elec- tronic Publishing, Well-formed document, 02 engineering and technology, Representation (arts), Document management system, Business process reengineering, computer.software_genre, World Wide Web, Reading (process), Traces, Annotations, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Document reconception, [INFO.INFO-DL]Computer Science [cs]/Digital Libraries [cs.DL], Digital reading, Document reengineering, media_common, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, 020207 software engineering, Reading usages, Work (electrical), Conceptual framework, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, [INFO.INFO-DL] Computer Science [cs]/Digital Libraries [cs.DL], 0503 education, computer
Abstract

International audience; This ongoing work investigates usage-based document reengineering as a means to support authors in modifying their documents. Document usages (i.e. usage feedbacks) cover readers' explicit annotations and their reading traces. We first describe a conceptual framework with various levels of assistance for document reengineering: indications on reading, problem detection, reconception suggestions and automatic reconception propositions, taking our example in e-learning document management. We then present a technical framework for usage-based document reengineering and its associated models for documents, annotations and traces representation.

Published
2013

8. Models for video enrichment

Author

Pierre-Antoine Champin, Olivier Aubert, Yannick Prié, Benoît Encelle, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)

Subjects
Hypervideo, Multimedia, Computer science, 05 social sciences, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Disabled people, Temporal parts, 02 engineering and technology, Hyperlink, computer.software_genre, Rendering (computer graphics), Annotation, Workflow, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], computer, 050107 human factors
Abstract

International audience; Videos are commonly being augmented with additional content such as captions, images, audio, hyperlinks, etc., which are rendered while the video is being played. We call the result of this rendering “enriched videos”. This article details an annotationbased approach for producing enriched videos: enrichment is mainly composed of textual annotations associated to temporal parts of the video that are rendered while playing it. The key notion of enriched video and associated concepts is first introduced and we second expose the models we have developed for annotating videos and for presenting annotations during the playing of the videos. Finally, an overview of a general workflow for producing/viewing enriched videos is presented. This workflow particularly illustrates the usage of the proposed models in order to improve the accessibility of videos for sensory disabled people.

Published
2011

9. An adaptive videos enrichment system based on decision trees for people with sensory disabilities

Author

Pierre-Antoine Champin, Benoît Encelle, José Francisco Saray Villamizar, Yannick Prié, Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), and Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon)

Subjects
Modalities, Multimedia, Mechanism (biology), Computer science, 05 social sciences, Decision tree, 020207 software engineering, Cognition, Sensory system, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Personalization, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, computer, 050107 human factors
Abstract

International audience; The ACAV project aims at improving videos accessibility on the Web to people with sensory disabilities. For this purpose, additional descriptions of key visual/audio information of the video, that cannot be perceived, are presented using accessible output modalities. However, a personalization mechanism is necessary to adapt these descriptions and their presentations according to user interests, cognitive and physical capabilities. In this article, concepts needed for this kind of personalization are introduced and an adaptive personalization mechanism of descriptions and associated presentations is suggested and evaluated.

Published
2011

10. Adapted Multimodal End-User Interfaces for XML-Content

Author

Florence Sèdes, Benoît Encelle, Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
Multimedia, computer.internet_protocol, End user, Computer science, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, User requirements document, computer.software_genre, Multimodal interaction, Personalization, User interface design, Human–computer interaction, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, User interface, computer, 050107 human factors, XML, XPath
Abstract

International audience; Personalization of user interfaces for browsing content is a key concept to ensure content accessibility. This personalization is especially needed for people with disabilities (e.g,. visually impaired) and/or for highly mobile individuals (driving, off-screen environments) and/or for people with limited devices (PDAs, mobile phones, etc.). In this direction, we introduce mechanisms, based on a user requirements study, that result in the generation of personalized user interfaces for browsing particular XML content types. These on-the-fly generated user interfaces can use several modalities for increasing communication possibilities: in this way, interactions between the user and the system can take place in a more natural manner.

Published
2010

11. Towards Collaborative Annotation for Video Accessibility

Author

Benoît Encelle, Raphaël Troncy, Yannick Prié, Magali Ollagnier Beldame, Pierre-Antoine Champin, Nicholas Evans, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), EURECOM, and Eurecom [Sophia Antipolis]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Multimedia, Computer science, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Rendering (computer graphics), World Wide Web, Annotation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, computer
Abstract

International audience; The ACAV project aims to explore how the accessibility of web videos can be improved by providing rich descriptions of video content in order to personalize the rendering of the content according to user disabilities. We present a motivating scenario, the results of a preliminary study as well as the different technologies that will be developed.

Published
2010

12. BMML: Braille Music Markup Language

Author

Bachelin Ralalason, Benoît Encelle, Nadine Jessel, Javier Asensio, Josiane Mothe, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and SI LIRIS, Équipe gestionnaire des publications

Subjects
Musical notation, Markup language, Multimedia, Computer science, computer.internet_protocol, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Representation (arts), Musical, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Braille, computer.software_genre, Notation, World Wide Web, Web Accessibility Initiative, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], computer, XML
Abstract

International audience; Thanks to the WAI (Web Accessibility Initiative) guidelines for producing accessible HTML documents, visually impaired people can have better access to a lot of textual information. Concerning musical score, several encoding formats are available, focusing on the representation of different aspects of this kind of content. As XML is the standard for exchanging content through the Web, several XML applications have already been specified for representing musical scores, using the traditional music notation. As a result, users can access and share a lot of different types of musical content using the Web. However, for specific notations – like the Braille one - no dedicated XML application has been developed yet. Therefore, visually impaired musicians cannot easily represent, share, and access scores using the Web. This paper presents the application we have developed to respond to this need: BMML (Braille Music Markup Language). BMML handles specificities of Braille Music notation and takes into account the core features of existing formats. The main objective of BMML is to improve the accessibility of Braille musical scores.

Published
2009

13. Personalization of XML Content Browsing Based on User Preferences

Author

Florence Sèdes, Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Benoît Encelle, Supporting Interaction and Learning by Experience (SILEX), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
Computer science, computer.internet_protocol, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Library and Information Sciences, User requirements document, Personalization, World Wide Web, Metadata, Human–computer interaction, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Content type, User interface, Semantic Web, computer, 050107 human factors, XML, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, User-centered design
Abstract

Personalization of user interfaces for browsing content is a key concept to ensure content accessibility. In this direction, we introduce concepts that result in the generation of personalized multimodal user interfaces for browsing XML content. User requirements concerning the browsing of a specific content type can be specified by means of user-friendly description languages. According to these specifications, transformation rules are generated and applied to content to produce personalized user interfaces for browsing the content. With the emergence of the semantic Web and connected XML applications, such customized multimodal user interfaces can be helpful to many kinds of users, especially to individuals with various types of impairment.

Published
2009

14. A Process Based on the Representation of End-User Requirements for Generating Adaptable User Interfaces for Browsing XML Content

Author

Benoît Encelle, Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
Computer science, computer.internet_protocol, Natural user interface, User modeling, 02 engineering and technology, Post-WIMP, User requirements document, Personalization, User interface design, World Wide Web, Human–computer interaction, Model–view–controller, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, User interface, Semantic Web, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, XML
Abstract

Personalization of user interfaces (UI) for browsing content is a key concept to ensure content accessibility. In this direction, we introduce concepts for representing end-user requirements that result in the generation of personalized user interfaces for browsing XML content. Representation of these requirements and the process for generating UI are described and illustrated using a case study. With the emergence of the semantic Web and connected XML applications, such personalized user interfaces can be useful for many kinds of users.

Published
2007

15. Generating Adaptable User Interfaces for Browsing XML Documents - User Interfaces Adaptation using User Profiles of Applications Policies

Author

Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Benoît Encelle, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
computer.internet_protocol, Computer science, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, User interface design, Personalization, World Wide Web, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Content type, User interface, Adaptation (computer science), Semantic Web, computer, 050107 human factors, XML, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Personalization of user interfaces for browsing content is a key concept to ensure content accessibility. In this direction, we introduce concepts that result in the generation of personalized multimodal user interfaces for browsing XML content. Users requirements concerning the browsing of such or such content type can be specified using these concepts and associated description languages. With the emergence of the semantic Web and connected XML applications, such multimodal user interfaces can be useful for many kinds of users.

Published
2007

16. Personalization of User Interfaces for Browsing XML Content Using Transformations Built on End-User Requirements

Author

Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Benoît Encelle, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
computer.internet_protocol, Natural user interface, Computer science, User modeling, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Post-WIMP, User requirements document, Personalization, User interface design, World Wide Web, Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], User interface, computer, 050107 human factors, XML, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Personalization of user interfaces for browsing content is a key concept to ensure content accessibility. In this direction, we introduce concepts that result in the generation of personalized multimodal user interfaces for browsing XML content. Users requirements concerning the browsing of a specific content type can be specified using user-friendly description languages. According to these specifications, transformation rules are generated in order to produce personalized user interfaces for browsing specific content types. With the emergence of the semantic Web and connected XML applications, such customized multimodal user interfaces can be useful for many kinds of users, especially individuals with various type of impairment.

Published
2007

17. A Transformation Framework for Building Personalized User Interfaces for Browsing XML Content

Author

Benoît Encelle, Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
Computer science, computer.internet_protocol, Natural user interface, User modeling, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Post-WIMP, User requirements document, User interface design, Personalization, World Wide Web, Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], User interface, computer, 050107 human factors, XML, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Personalization of user interfaces for browsing content is a key concept to ensure content accessibility. In this direction, we introduce concepts that result in the generation of personalized multimodal user interfaces for browsing XML content. Users requirements concerning the browsing of a specific content type can be specified using user-friendly description languages. According to these specifications, a sequence of several transformations is used to produce personalized multimodal user interfaces for browsing specific content types. With the emergence of the semantic Web and connected XML applications, such customized multimodal user interfaces can be useful for many kinds of users, especially individuals with various type of impairment.

Published
2007

18. LAMBDA: A European System to Access Mathematics with Braille and Audio Synthesis

Author

Margarethe Gut, Benoît Encelle, Waltraud Schweikhardt, Cristian Bernareggi, Nadine Jessel, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
030506 rehabilitation, Screen reader, Multimedia, 4. Education, 020207 software engineering, Speech synthesis, 02 engineering and technology, Braille, computer.software_genre, Code (semiotics), 03 medical and health sciences, User assistance, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Information system, media_common.cataloged_instance, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], User interface, European union, 0305 other medical science, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract

This paper deals with an innovative method to improve access to mathematics by blind students in an educational setting. It was designed and developed in the European project LAMBDA (Linear Access to Mathematics for Braille Device and Audio-synthesis). This system is made up of two main functional components: the LAMBDA code and the mathematical editor. The research project is funded by the European Union in the framework of the IST Programme. It started in 2002 and will end in 2006

Published
2006

19. Adapting presentation and interaction with XML documents to user preferences

Author

Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Benoît Encelle, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
computer.internet_protocol, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, World Wide Web, Presentation, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, computer, XML, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract

In this paper, we introduce the concept of “user policies”. The objective of policies is to specify user preferences in terms of presentation and interaction with information. Using this concept, the presentation/interaction with information will be adapted to user’s needs, making information more accessible. We define several kinds of policies (navigation, exploration, presentation, etc.). The concepts of “presentation policies” and “navigation policies” are studied in this article. As XML is the standard for encoding electronic information, we will apply the concept of policies to the browsing of XML Documents.

Published
2004

20. Using SVG and a Force Feedback Mouse to Enable Blind People to Access 'Graphical' Web Based Documents

Author

Nadine Baptiste-Jessel, Benoît Encelle, Bertrand Tornil, Systèmes d’Informations Généralisées (IRIT-SIG), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)

Subjects
Screen reader, business.industry, Computer science, 05 social sciences, Scalable Vector Graphics, 02 engineering and technology, computer.file_format, World Wide Web, User assistance, Pointer (computer programming), ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Web application, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, The Internet, User interface, business, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050107 human factors, Haptic technology
Abstract

We present a system that enables a blind user to access 2D WEB based “graphical” documents. After introducing the SVG format and the Force Feedback Mouse, we present how, in a WEB browser application, we associate force, voice and sound feedback.

Published
2004

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