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16 results on '"Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE)"'

1. Strain rate effect of mode II interlaminar fracture toughness on the impact response of a thermoplastic PEEK composite

Author

Christophe Bouvet, Pablo Garcia-Perez, Joël Serra, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - INRAE (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - IPB (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE)

Subjects
Thermoplastic, Materials science, Impact Delamination, Composite number, Thermosetting polymer, 02 engineering and technology, Strain rate effect, Carbon/PEEK composite, Fracture toughness, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Peek, Composite material, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, chemistry.chemical_classification, Mechanical Engineering, Epoxy, Strain rate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Impact, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Delamination, visual_art, TA401-492, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Mécanique des matériaux, 0210 nano-technology, Damage tolerance
Abstract

International audience; Recent advancements in composite production and processing are making thermoplastics a viable option in a wider array of aerospace applications. In particular, Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) with thermoplastic resin are believed to have better damage tolerance properties than thermosets. However, few studies have been conducted regarding the numerical modelling of the behaviour of such materials submitted to low energy impacts. Here the Discrete Ply Model (DPM), that predicts the failure of laminated composites with the help of cohesive elements, is used to compare thermosetting and thermoplastics impact damage tolerances. The DPM is improved to take into account the strain rate effect of the fracture toughness (FT) in mode II of interlaminar interfaces. First, the End Notched Flexure (ENF) test that induces unstable crack growth is used both to experimentally measure the value of FT in mode II for high speed crack growth and to identify the strain rate effect used in the model. Second, the DPM is then used to simulate impact tests for various stacking sequences ([45 2 , − 45 2 , 0 2 , 90 2 ] 2S , [0 2 , 45 2 , 90 2 , − 45 2 ] 2S , [0 2 , 30 2 , 90 2 , − 30 2 ] 2S and [90 2 , − 45 2 , 0 2 , 45 2 ] 2S ) and impact energy levels (10, 20 and 30 J). Good correlations with experiment are observed in terms of force/displacement curves and delaminated areas. The numerical model correctly describes the asymmetry of the delaminated interfaces and the propagation of groups of interfaces located near the mid-thickness of the laminated plates. Finally, the damage associated with a 30 J impact is compared for the carbon/PEEK of this study and classical carbon/epoxy plates using numerical simulations (DPM). No significant difference has been found. The results corroborate those obtained in previous studies showing the relatively low value of FT in mode II, using an ENF test and infrared thermography (IRT). This article therefore questions the apparent superiority of carbon/PEEK laminated composites over carbon/epoxy laminated composites in terms of impact damage tolerance.

Published
2020
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2. Mode I cohesive zone model parameters identification and comparison of measurement techniques based on uncertainty estimation

Author

Eric Paroissien, Frédéric Lachaud, Agathe Jaillon, Julien Jumel, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - INRAE (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - IPB (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE)

Subjects
02 engineering and technology, Standard deviation, Chi-square, DIC, Sensitivity, 0203 mechanical engineering, Uncertainty estimation, Critical energy, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, DCB, Mathematics, business.industry, Estimation theory, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Confidence interval, Experimental data, Structural engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Cohesive zone model, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Modeling and Simulation, Crack initiation, Mécanique des matériaux, Comparative study, 0210 nano-technology, business, Relative displacement
Abstract

Adhesive bondline mechanical behaviour is frequently described with cohesive zone models (CZM). For mode I loading condition these phenomenological laws simply represent the evolution of the peel stress as a function of the two adherends relative displacement normal to the joint. Generally, these laws are identified rather than really measured using experimental data obtained from crack initiation and propagation experiments such as the Double Cantilever Beam Test (DCB). The uncertainty on parameter estimation are generally not indicated, as for a DCB test it is only the critical energy release rate that has the most influence on the results. However, the uncertainties on the other parameters prevent the use of the identified TSL for other mechanical tests where mode I solicitations are predominant. In this article, the purpose is to evaluate the methodologies reliability for the assessment of mode I CZM. To do so, several methods used to evaluate CZM parameters are compared in terms parameter estimation reliability. Synthetic noisy data are considered for a χ² function minimisation. Then, sensitivity calculations are performed to determine the estimated parameters standard deviation. By applying this procedure on different type of synthetic measurements (respectively P(), J(,), backface strain and DIC) the ability of these different techniques to capture the best parameters for a chosen CZM shape can be rigorously evaluated.

Published
2020
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3. Crystallography of Growth Blocks in Spheroidal Graphite

Author

Etienne Brodu, Emmanuel Bouzy, Benoît Beausir, Jean Jacques Fundenberger, Jacques Lacaze, Lydia Laffont, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Diffraction, Cast iron, Materials science, Transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD), Scanning electron microscope, Matériaux, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Science des matériaux, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Crystallinity, Optics, Spheroidal graphite, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Graphite, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

A better understanding of spheroidal graphite growth is expected in a near future thanks to widespread use of transmission electron microscopy. However, common transmission electron microscopy is quite time consuming and new indexing techniques are being developed, among them is transmission Kikuchi diffraction in a scanning electron microscope, a recent technique derived from electron backscatter diffraction. In the present work, on-axis transmission Kikuchi diffraction in scanning electron microscope, completed by transmission electron microscopy, was used with the objective of producing new observations on the microstructure of spheroidal graphite. This study shows that disorientations between blocks and sectors in spheroidal graphite are quite large in the early growth stage, which may be indicative of a competition process selecting the best orientations for achieving radial growth along thecdirection of graphite.

Published
2018
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4. A Vacancy Model of Pore Annihilation During Hot Isostatic Pressing of Single Crystals of Nickel-Base Superalloys

Author

B. Bokstein, Bernard Fedelich, Alexander Epishin, Titus Feldmann, Alphonse Finel, Bernard Viguier, Igor L. Svetlov, Dominique Poquillon, Antoine Ruffini, Y. Le Bouar, Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'étude des microstructures [Châtillon] (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), ONERA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ONERA, University of Toulouse, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing - BAM (GERMANY), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Moscow State Aviation Institute (RUSSIA), National Technological University MISiS - NUST (RUSSIA), Technische Universität Berlin - TU Berlin (GERMANY), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), and Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux - LEM3 (Metz, France)

Subjects
MONOCRISTAL, Materials science, POROSITE, Matériaux, Nickel base, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Physics::Geophysics, Diffusion, Quantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes, Single crystals of nickel-base superalloys, Hot isostatic pressing, Vacancy defect, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, General Materials Science, Diffusion (business), Génie des procédés, Porosity, Hot isostatic pressing (HIP), Dissolution, Vacancies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Physics::Biological Physics, Annihilation, General Engineering, BASE NICKEL, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Superalloy, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; An improved diffusion model of pore annihilation during hot isostatic pressing of single crystals of nickel-base superalloys is proposed. The model considers dissolution of pores by emission of vacancies and their diffusion sink to low-angle boundaries. The calculation, which takes into account pore size distribution, predicts the kinetics of pore annihilation similar to experimental one.

Published
2018
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5. Mechanical integrity of 3D rough surfaces during contact

Author

A. Jourani, Agnès Fabre, Frederic Robache, Franck Plouraboué, Maxence Bigerelle, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Technologie de Compiègne – UTC (FRANCE), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis - UVHC (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Mécanique et d'Informatique industrielles et Humaines - UMR 8201 (LAMIH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Roberval (Roberval), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Mechanics surfaces and materials processing (MSMP), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Contact modeling, Failure analysis, Materials science, Weierstrass functions, Mécanique des fluides, Probability density function, 02 engineering and technology, Surface finish, Statistic approach, Sciences de l'ingénieur, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, Materials Chemistry, Range (statistics), surface, Weibull distribution, roughness, contact modeling, failure analysis, statistic approach, Surfaces and Interfaces, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Roughness, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Surface, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, lcsh:TA1-2040, Log-normal distribution, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), 0210 nano-technology, Random variable
Abstract

International audience; Rough surfaces are in contact locally by the peaks of roughness. At this local scale, the pressure of contact can be sharply superior to the macroscopic pressure. If the roughness is assumed to be a random morphology, a well-established observation in many practical cases, mechanical indicators built from the contact zone are then also random variables. Consequently, the probability density function (PDF) of any mechanical random variable obviously depends upon the morphological structure of the surface. The contact pressure PDF, or the probability of damage of this surface can be determined for example when plastic deformation occurs. In this study, the contact pressure PDF is modeled using a particular probability density function, the generalized Lambda distributions (GLD). The GLD are generic and polymorphic. They approach a large number of known distributions (Weibull, Normal, and Lognormal). The later were successfully used to model damage in materials. A semi-analytical model of elastic contact which takes into account the morphology of real surfaces is used to compute the contact pressure. In a first step, surfaces are simulated by Weierstrass functions which have been previously used to model a wide range of surfaces met in tribology. The Lambda distributions adequacy is qualified to model contact pressure. Using these functions, a statistical analysis allows us to extract the probability density of the maximal pressure. It turns out that this density can be described by a GLD. It is then possible to determine the probability that the contact pressure generates plastic deformation.

Published
2019
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6. Micromachining-compatible, facile fabrication of polymer nanocomposite spin crossover actuators

Author

Sylvain Rat, Lionel Salmon, Azzedine Bousseksou, Thierry Leichle, Liviu Nicu, Fabrice Mathieu, Gábor Molnár, Philippe Demont, Victoria Shalabaeva, Adrian Laborde, Olivier Thomas, Maria Dolores Manrique-Juarez, Équipe Microsystèmes électromécaniques (LAAS-MEMS), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Instrumentation Conception Caractérisation (LAAS-I2C), Service Techniques et Équipements Appliqués à la Microélectronique (LAAS-TEAM), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymer nanocomposite, Matériaux, Mechanical properties, Nanocomposite materials, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Biomaterials, Micrometre, Micro‐electromechanical systems (MEMS), Nanocomposite Spin, Spin crossover, Electrochemistry, Polymer substrate, Composite material, Mécanique: Mécanique des structures [Sciences de l'ingénieur], [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Micromachining-Compatible, chemistry.chemical_classification, Micro et nanotechnologies/Microélectronique [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Soft actuators, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Piezoresistive effect, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Surface micromachining, chemistry, Resist, Spin crossover complexes, Crossover Actuators, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; [FeII(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) spin crossover particles of 85 nm mean size are dispersed in an SU‐8 polymer matrix and spray‐coated onto silicon microcantilevers. The subsequent photothermal treatment of the polymer resist leads to micrometer thick, smooth, and homogeneous coatings, which exhibit well‐reproducible actuation upon the thermally induced spin transition. The actuation amplitude as a function of temperature is accurately determined by combining integrated piezoresistive detection with external optical interferometry, which allows for the assessment of the associated actuation force (9.4 mN), stress (28 MPa), strain (1.0%), and work density (140 mJ cm−3) through a stratified beam model. The dynamical mechanical characterization of the films evidences an increase of the resonance frequency and a concomitant decrease of the damping in the high‐temperature phase, which arises due to a combined effect of the thickness and mechanical property changes. The spray‐coating approach is also successfully extended to scale up the actuators for the centimeter range on a polymer substrate providing perspectives for biomimetic soft actuators.

Published
2018
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7. Drying colloidal systems: Laboratory models for a wide range of applications

Author

Romain Jeantet, Xiao Dong Chen, Yannick Hallez, Ludovic Pauchard, David Brutin, Marie-Louise Saboungi, Anne Davaille, Frédérique Giorgiutti-Dauphiné, R. Heyd, Erika Di Giuseppe, Martine Meireles, Patrice Bacchin, Ioannis Gergianakis, Cécile Le Floch-Fouéré, Eric Mittelstaedt, Lucas Goehring, Celine Nicloux, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Angevin de Mécanique, Procédés et InnovAtion (LAMPA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut de Recherche Criminelle de la Gendarmerie Nationale (IRCGN), Ministère de l'intérieur, de l'outre-mer et des collectivités territoriales, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université - AMU (FRANCE), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche Criminelle de la Gendarmerie Nationale - IRCGN (FRANCE), Université Paris Sciences & Lettres - PSL (FRANCE), Sorbonne Université (FRANCE), Université Paris-Saclay (FRANCE), University of Idaho - UI (USA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Nottingham (UNITED KINGDOM), Mines ParisTech (FRANCE), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle - MNHN (FRANCE), Soochow University (CHINA), Laboratoire Arts et Métiers ParisTech d'Angers - LAMPA (Angers, France), Institut de Recherche Criminelle de la Gendarmerie Nationale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PSL Research University (PSL)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Laboratoire Arts et Métiers ParisTech d'Angers (LAMPA), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)

Subjects
Chemical process, Medical diagnostic, Biophysics, Complex system, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Sciences de l'ingénieur, 01 natural sciences, Colloid, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Génie chimique, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Génie des procédés, Complex fluid, Drying, Modeling, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Dispersion, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Range (mathematics), 0210 nano-technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; The drying of complex fluids provides a powerful insight into phenomena that take place on time and length scales not normally accessible. An important feature of complex fluids, colloidal dispersions and polymer solutions is their high sensitivity to weak external actions. Thus, the drying of complex fluids involves a large number of physical and chemical processes. The scope of this review is the capacity to tune such systems to reproduce and explore specific properties in a physics laboratory. A wide variety of systems are presented, ranging from functional coatings, food science, cosmetology, medical diagnostics and forensics to geophysics and art.

Published
2018
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8. A stress-based macroscopic approach for microcracks unilateral effect

Author

Hélène Welemane, Fabrice Cormery, Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille - USTL (FRANCE), Ecole Centrale de Lille (FRANCE), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Unilateral effect, Multilinear map, Materials science, General Computer Science, Closure (topology), General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Stress (mechanics), Brittleness, 0203 mechanical engineering, Forensic engineering, General Materials Science, Statistical physics, Elastic modulus, Continuum (measurement), Microcracks, Micromechanics, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Computational Mathematics, Nonlinear system, Damage, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Anisotropy, Mécanique des matériaux, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The question of the nonlinear response of brittle materials undergoing elastic damage is investigated here. Owing to the specific nature of microcracking, the macroscopic behaviour of these materials is complex, generally anisotropic owing to the possible preferential orientation of defects and multilinear because of the unilateral effect due to the transition between open and closed state of microcracks. A new three-dimensional macroscopic model outlined by Welemane and Cormery [1] has been proposed to account simultaneously for these both aspects. This paper intends to present in details the principles of such approach and to demonstrate its applicability to a stress-based framework. Based on a fabric tensor representation of the damage density distribution, the model provides a continuum and rigorous description of the contribution of defaults which avoids classical spectral decompositions and related inconsistencies. The model is also strongly micromechanically motivated, especially to handle the elastic moduli recovery that occurs at the closure of microcracks. The macroscopic theoretical framework proposed constitutes a general approach that leads in particular to predictions of a class of micromechanical models. The capacities of the approach are illustrated and discussed on various cases of damage configurations and opening–closure states, with a special attention to the differences with the strain-based framework and to the influence of the damage variables order.

Published
2010
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9. Study of crack propagation mechanisms during Charpy impact toughness tests on both equiaxed and lamellar microstructures of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy

Author

Christophe Buirette, Nathalie Gey, Eric Andrieu, Alain Vassel, Julitte Huez, Association Française du Titane (FRANCE), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Labex DAMAS, Université de Lorraine (UL), ANR-11-LABX-0008,DAMAS,Design des Alliages Métalliques pour Allègement des Structures(2011), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Equiaxed crystals, Toughness, Materials science, Matériaux, EBSD, Charpy impact test, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Titanium alloys, General Materials Science, Lamellar structure, Microstructure, 010302 applied physics, Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgy, Titanium alloy, Fracture mechanics, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Ti–6Al–4V, Macrozone, Mechanics of Materials, Impact toughness, 0210 nano-technology, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

International audience; The impact toughness of two highly textured rolled plates of Ti–6Al–4V alloy with an α equiaxed and an α lamellar microstructures has been investigated. The results show a strong anisotropy of the fracture energy for both materials and underline that a coincidence of the prismatic planes with the shear bands at the notch tip is favorable for higher fracture energies. Moreover, it is pointed out, as it was already done by previous studies, that the α lamellar microstructure presents higher fracture energy than the α equiaxed one. Thanks to electron back scattering diffraction, and tensile tests, local microstructure heterogeneities, called macrozones, have been observed and characterized. Their size depends on microstructure element and is larger for α lamellar microstructure than for the α equiaxed. High strain is localized on the macrozones favorably oriented for prismatic slip with respect to the direction of impact and leads to a particular dimple free zone on the fracture surface. The contribution of these macrozones in the fracture behavior, and more precisely on the crack propagation rate was evaluated; thus the effects of the macroscopic texture and of the microstructure element on the impact toughness are discussed separately.

Published
2014
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10. Microstructure Evolution in an Aluminum Cladded Sheet during Vacuum Brazing

Author

Thierry Mazet, Cécile Bernardi, Jacques Lacaze, Nathalie Siredey-Schwaller, Alain Hazotte, Fives Cryo, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Metz - ENIM (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Fives Cryo (FRANCE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux - LEM3 (Metz, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Materials science, Heat exchangers, Matériaux, Alloy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Isothermal process, Vacuum furnace, 0103 physical sciences, Vaporization, Aluminium alloy, Brazing, General Materials Science, Microstructure, 010302 applied physics, Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Aluminum alloys, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract

International audience; Microstructure evolution of a 3003 sheet cladded with 4004 brazing alloy is investigated during slow heating (1K/min) under secondary vacuum up to isothermal brazing temperature (590°C). Optical and scanning microscopies, EDS chemical analysis and EBSD orientation mapping are used. Experimental results are discussed in the light of thermodynamic calculations using Thermo-Calc. Comparisons show good agreement as long as Mg vaporization does not take place.

Published
2014
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11. An experimental investigation of the behaviour of steels over large temperature and strain rate ranges

Author

Franck Morel, Anis Hor, J.L. Lebrun, Guénaël Germain, Laboratoire des Arts et Métiers ParisTech d'Angers - Procédés Matériaux Durabilité (LAMPA - PMD), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Laboratoire Angevin de Mécanique, Procédés et InnovAtion (LAMPA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Materials science, Constitutive equation, 02 engineering and technology, Flow stress, Forging, Compression tests, Large strain rate and temperature range, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0203 mechanical engineering, Rheology, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Mécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Composite material, Softening, Civil and Structural Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Génie des procédés [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Thermique, Strain rate, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, Shear tests, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, 100Cr6 steel, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], Hardening (metallurgy), 42CrMo4 steel, Forging, machining, Processing maps, 0210 nano-technology, machining
Abstract

During forging and machining manufacturing processes, the material is subject to large strains at high strain rates which provoke local heating and microstructural changes. Modelling of these phenomena requires precise knowledge of the stress–strain constitutive equations for a large range of strains, strain rates and temperatures. An experimental study of the rheology of both hyper- and hypo-eutectoid steels (with different microstructures) over a temperature range from 20 °C to 1000 °C and with strain rates from 10 − 2 to 10 5 s − 1 has been undertaken. These tests were performed in compression on cylindrical specimens and in shear using hat-shaped specimens. Both a GLEEBLE 3500 thermomechanical testing machine and a Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar apparatus were used. From these tests, three deformation domains have been identified as a function of the material behaviour and of the changes in the deformed microstructure. Each domain was characterized by its behaviour, including the competition between hardening and softening, strain rate sensitivity on the flow stress and the softening phenomenon (i.e. recrystallisation or recovery, etc.). Finally, based on thermodynamical considerations, the conditions of thermoplastic instability (i.e. shear bands, twinning, heterogeneities, etc.) and microstructural changes are highlighted using process maps of the dissipated power repartition.

Published
2013
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12. Galvanic corrosion between zinc and carbon steel investigated by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Author

O. Devos, M. Puiggali, Vincent Vivier, Nadine Pébère, Maixent Mouanga, Bernard Tribollet, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques (LISE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - IPB (FRANCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6 - UPMC (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Materials science, Carbon steel, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Matériaux, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Zinc, engineering.material, Electrochemistry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Radial current, LEIS, Voltammetry, Dissolution, Electrical impedance, Zinc/steel interface, Metallurgy, Galvanic corrosion, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Dielectric spectroscopy, chemistry, engineering, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The study of galvanic coupling between two metals is still a relevant topic, particularly in aerospace andautomotive industries. The development of local electrochemical techniques leads to a better understandingof the phenomena occurring at the interfacial zone. Galvanic coupling between carbon steel and zincwas investigated by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) in a 0.06 g L−1 NaCl solution.Voltammetry and conventional electrochemical impedance experiments were also performed to betteranalyze the local impedance data. Local measurements carried out at a fixed frequency showed that zincdissolution was more significant at the steel/zinc interface. A particular shape of the local impedance diagramwas observed above the zinc surface with the presence of a large inductive loop in the low-frequencyrange. Numerical simulations, performed by using finite element method, allowed the local experimentaldiagrams obtained over the zinc sample to be validated taking into account the radial contribution of thecurrent between both materials in galvanic coupling.

Published
2013
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13. Microcracks closure effects in initially orthotropic materials

Author

Hélène Welemane, Cosmin Gruescu, Cristina Goidescu, Djimédo Kondo, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6 - UPMC (FRANCE), Ecole Centrale de Lille (FRANCE), Université Lille 1, Sciences et Technologies - Lille 1 (FRANCE), Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes, Institut Jean le Rond d'Alembert (DALEMBERT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille

Subjects
Large class, Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, Inelastic deformation, 02 engineering and technology, Orthotropic material, Anisotropic materials, Physics::Geophysics, Brittleness, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, Composite material, Anisotropy, Elastic modulus, Material symmetry, Mechanical Engineering, Micromechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Induced anisotropy, Mécanique des matériaux, 0210 nano-technology, Unilateral effects, Microcracking
Abstract

International audience; Microcracking is one of the basic mechanisms of inelastic deformation for a large class of anisotropic materials such as brittle matrix composites. Even at fixed microcracks density, the macroscopic behavior of these materials is very complex due to the combination of two specific features of such deteriorating phenomenon. First, the oriented nature of microcracks induces an evolution of the material symmetry (interaction between the initial anisotropy and the microcracks induced one). Secondly, a change in the elastic response of the material is expected, based on whether microcracks are open or closed in response to specific loading situations (the so-called "unilateral effect"). The present paper is devoted to a continuum micromechanics-based investigation of the resulting - generally fully - anisotropic multilinear response of orthotropic materials containing microcracks. The procedure leads to the proposal of a closed-form expression of the macroscopic free energy corresponding to 2D initially orthotropic materials weakened by arbitrarily oriented microcracks systems. The established results provide a complete quantification of both coupling effects of anisotropies and elastic moduli recovery phenomena induced by microcracks closure. A particular emphasis is put on the importance of Hill lemma for the derivation of these results which constitute a basis to the micro-macro modeling of damage process in initially orthotropic media.

Published
2013
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14. Use of large scale facilities for research in metallurgy

Author

Benoit Malard, Sophie Berveiller, Petr Šittner, Etienne Patoor, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physics [Prague], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Academy of Sciences (CZECH REPUBLIC), Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Metz - ENIM (FRANCE), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés - SIMaP (FRANCE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), Institute of Physics (Prague, Czech Republic), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)

Subjects
Materials science, Matériaux, Neutron diffraction, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Synchrotron radiation, shape memory alloys, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, In situ multiscale analysis, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Optics, Stress induced martensitic transformation, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, X-ray synchrotron, Neutron, Mécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Cu-based shape memory alloys, 010302 applied physics, Condensed matter physics, business.industry, synchrotron radiation, General Engineering, neutrons, Shape-memory alloy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Diffusionless transformation, Martensite, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; This article deals with the application of several X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to investigate the mechanics of a stress induced martensitic transformation in Cu-based shape memory alloy polycrystals. It puts experimental results obtained by two different research groups on different length scales into context with the mechanics of stress induced martensitic transformation in polycrystalline environment.

Published
2012
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15. Some recent advances in the design and the use of miniaturized droplet-based continuous process: applications in chemistry and high-pressure microflows

Author

Annie Colin, Bertrand Pavageau, Thomas Delclos, Pascal Panizza, Samuel Marre, Flavie Sarrazin, Cindy Hany, Pierre Guillot, Cyril Aymonier, Patrick Maestro, Pascale Subra, Emmanuel Mignard, Laurent E. Prat, Nicolas Lorber, Christophe Gourdon, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes - ENSCR (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - IPB (FRANCE), Rhodia (FRANCE), Université de Bordeaux 1 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Rennes 1 (FRANCE), Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe matière condensée et matériaux (GMCM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Transferts, écoulements, fluides, énergétique (TREFLE), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), the 'Advanced Materials in Aquitaine', Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-RHODIA-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Microfluidics, Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry in droplets, Bioengineering, Nanotechnology, Good control, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Millifluidics, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Data acquisition, High throughput screening, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Génie des procédés, Supercritical fluids, Chemistry, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Supercritical fluid, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, High pressure, Scientific method, Microreactor, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; This mini-review focuses on two different miniaturizing approaches: the first one describes the generation and use of droplets flowing within a millifluidic tool as individual batch microreactors. The second one reports the use of high pressure microflows in chemistry. Millifluidics is an inexpensive, versatile and easy to use approach which is upscaled from microfluidics. It enables one to produce hierarchically organized multiple emulsions or particles with a good control over sizes and shapes, as well as to provide a convenient data acquisition platform dedicated to slow or rather fast chemical reactions, i.e., from hours to a few minutes. High-pressure resistant devices were recently fabricated and used to generate stable droplets from pressurized fluids such as supercritical fluid-liquid systems. We believe that supercritical microfluidics is a promising tool to develop sustainable processes in chemistry.

Published
2010
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16. A critical review of some damage models with unilateral effect

Author

Fabrice Cormery, Hélène Welemane, Arts et Métiers ParisTech (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille - USTL (FRANCE), Ecole Centrale de Lille (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Unilateral effect, Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, Mécanique, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Damage models, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Brittleness, 0203 mechanical engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Forensic engineering, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

The concern here is the macroscopic modeling of the brittle damage unilateral effect (due to the opening-closure of microcracks). Several formulations have been proposed in recent years to solve the problems pointed out by Chaboche (Int. J. Damage Mech. 1 (1992) 148). In this paper, we examine precisely two of these new formulations (Int. J. Damage Mech. 2 (1993) 311; Int. J. Damage Mech. 5 (1996) 384) and show that they still exhibit some major inconsistencies.

Published
2002
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