1. Pre-eclampsia/Eclampsia
- Author
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José Geraldo Lopes Ramos, Leandro Gustavo de Oliveira, Nelson Sass, Caio Antonio de Campos Prado, José Carlos Peraçoli, Vera Borges, Edson Viera da Cunha Filho, Henri Augusto Korkes, Mário Dias Corrêa Júnior, Sergio Hofmeister de Almeida Martins Costa, Ione Rodrigues Brum, Maria Laura Costa, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Angélica Lemos Debs Diniz, and Francisco Lazaro Pereira de Souza
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,pre-eclampsia ,Disease ,Prenatal care ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Preeclampsia ,eclampsia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,gestation ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Humans ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,hypertensive disorders ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Proteinuria ,Eclampsia ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gestational age ,Prenatal Care ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Etiology ,ECLÂMPSIA ,RG1-991 ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a multifactorial and multisystemic disease specific to gestation. It is classically diagnosed by the presence of hypertension associated with proteinuria manifested in a previously normotensive pregnant woman after the 20th week of gestation. Pre-eclampsia is also considered in the absence of proteinuria if there is target organ damage. The present review takes a general approach focused on aspects of practical interest in the clinical and obstetric care of these women. Thus, it explores the still unknown etiology, current aspects of pathophysiology and of the diagnosis, the approach to disease prediction, its adverse outcomes and prevention. Management is based on general principles, on nonpharmacological and on pharmacological clinical treatment of severe or nonsevere situations with emphasis on the hypertensive crisis and eclampsia. Obstetric management is based on preeclampsia without or with signs of clinical and/or laboratory deterioration, stratification of gestational age in