1. Genomic, karyological and morphological changes of South American garlics (Ipheion) provide insights into mechanisms of speciation in the Pampean region
- Author
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Agostina B. Sassone, Frank R. Blattner, Diego Hojsgaard, Liliana M. Giussani, and Jonathan Brassac
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Reproductive Isolation ,AMARYLLIDACEAE ,Genetic Speciation ,Biodiversity ,ROBERTSONIAN TRANSLOCATIONS ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Population genomics ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetic algorithm ,Genetic variation ,Genetics ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Garlic ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogeny ,2. Zero hunger ,CHROMOSOME REARRANGEMENTS ,biology ,Ipheion ,Reproductive isolation ,Genomics ,SPRING STARFLOWER ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Biological Evolution ,Ipheion uniflorum ,030104 developmental biology ,GENOTYPING-BY-SEQUENCING (GBS) ,Evolutionary biology ,Ploidy - Abstract
Speciation proceeds through mechanisms that promote reproductive isolation and shape the extent of genetic variation in natural populations, and thus its study is essential to understand the evolutionary processes leading to increased biodiversity. Chromosomal rearrangements are known to facilitate reproductive isolation by hybrid sterility and favour speciation events. The genus Ipheion (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae) is unique as its species exhibit a remarkable karyological variability but lack population-level genetic data. To unveil the diversification processes acting upon the formation of new lineages within Ipheion in the Pampas of South America, we combined morphology and karyology approaches with genotyping-by-sequencing. Our phylogenomic and population genomics results supported the taxonomic division of Ipheion into three morphological and genetically well-differentiated groups. The origin of Ipheion uniflorum was traced back to its current southern distribution area in the southern Pampean region (in Argentina), from where it had expanded to the north reaching Uruguay. Our results further suggested that chromosome rearrangements and ploidy shifts had triggered speciation events, first during the origin of I. uniflorum and later during its subsequent diversification into I. recurvifolium and I. tweedieanum, in both cases reinforced by extrinsic factors and biogeographical settings. The current study illustrates the analytical power of multidisciplinary approaches integrating phylo- and population genomics with classic analyses to reveal evolutionary processes in plants. Fil: Sassone, Agostina Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research; Alemania Fil: Hojsgaard, Diego H.. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research; Alemania Fil: Giussani, Liliana Mónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina Fil: Brassac, Jonathan. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research; Alemania Fil: Blattner, Frank R.. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research; Alemania
- Published
- 2021