1. Selective Inhibitors of Nuclear Export in the Treatment of Hematologic Malignancies
- Author
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Rossana Leanza, Alessandro Allegra, Andrea Gaetano Allegra, Caterina Musolino, and Vanessa Innao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Cytoplasm ,Exportin 1, Karyopherins ,Leukemia, Multiple myeloma, Selinexor ,Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,Cellular homeostasis ,Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Karyopherins ,03 medical and health sciences ,XPO1 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Exportin-1 ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Targeted Therapy ,Nuclear export signal ,Multiple myeloma ,business.industry ,Clinical Studies as Topic ,Myeloid leukemia ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Clinical trial ,Leukemia ,030104 developmental biology ,Treatment Outcome ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hematologic Neoplasms ,Cancer research ,Nuclear Pore ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
The correct localization of molecules between nucleus and cytoplasm is fundamental for cellular homeostasis and is controlled by a bidirectional transport system. Exportin 1 (XPO1) regulates the passage of numerous cancer-related proteins. In this review, we summarize the development of a novel class of antitumor agents, known as selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINEs). We report results of preclinical studies and clinical trials, and discuss the mechanism of action of SINEs and their effects in multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, lymphoblastic leukemia, and acute and chronic myeloid leukemia. In the future, the numerous experimental studies currently underway will allow us to define the role of SINEs and will possibly permit these substances to be introduced into daily clinical practice.
- Published
- 2019