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To retrospectively create a predictive score for estimating amputation-free survival (AFS) in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) operated on with the use of a heparin-bonded expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) bypass graft (Hb-ePTFE). Over a 13-year period, ending in March 2015, a Hb-ePTFE graft was implanted in 683 patients undergoing below-knee revascularization for CLI in seven Italian vascular hospitals. Data concerning these interventions were retrospectively collected in a multicenter registry with a dedicated database. Univariate and multivariable analyses with Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to identify potential significant predictors of AFS at 5 years, and then a predictive risk score was constructed. A qualitative assessment of the Kaplan–Meier survival estimates for each integer score was performed, and subgroups of risk were stratified on the basis of the primary end point. Overall, estimated 5-year AFS rate was 48.3 % (SE 0.024). At multivariate analysis, older age, coronary artery disease, end-stage renal disease, tissue loss and poor runoff score were predictors of AFS. The integer score ranged from 0 to 11; Kaplan–Meier analysis for AFS in each score group identified three subgroups with significant differences at 5 years: low-risk subgroup (scores from 0 to 2, 67.7 %), medium-risk subgroup (scores 3 and 4, 49.2 %, p

In December 2019, in Wuhan (China), a highly pathogenic coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, dramatically emerged. This new virus, which causes severe pneumonia, is rapidly spreading around the world, hence it provoked the COVID-19 pandemic. This emergency launched by SARS-CoV-2 also had, and still has, devastating socio-economic aspects. Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable groups of people is crucial for the adaptation of governments’ responses. Growing scientific evidence suggests that it is essential to keep the attention on people after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection; indeed, some clinical manifestations are frequently present even after recovery. There is consensus on the need to define which symptoms persist after the infection and which disabilities may arise after COVID-19. Recent reviews, case reports, and original contributions suggest that various organs may be affected, and neurological symptoms are present in about one third of patients with COVID-19. Neurological complications after severe COVID-19 infection might include delirium, brain inflammation, stroke, and nerve damage. In the recent pandemic, neurologists and neurobiologists have a chance to study key features of infection neurology. Furthermore, the psychological impact of the pandemic should not be underestimated, although there is currently no definition for this condition.

In the recent pandemic disease, called COVID-19, the role of neurologists and neurobiologists represents a chance to study key features of brain infection and deepen neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections. In fact, many studies suggest brain damage during infection and persistent neurological symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Reverse transcription PCR test, antibody tests, Computed Tomography (CT) of the lung, and Magnetic Resonance (MR) of the brain of the patient were periodically performed during this case report for eight months after infection. The aim of this article is to describe the prolonged neurological clinical consequences related to COVID-19. We believe it is clinically clear that we can define a post-acute COVID-19 neurological syndrome. Therefore, in patients after a severe clinical condition of COVID-19, a deepening of persistent neurological signs is necessary.