1. Brazilian Red Propolis: Extracts Production, Physicochemical Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Profile for Antitumor Activity
- Author
-
Cleide Mara Faria Soares, Antonello Santini, Elina Caramão Bastos, Ricardo Guimarães Amaral, Jorge Mauricio David, Eliana B. Souto, Francine Ferreira Padilha, Carla Viviane Freitas de Jesus, Patrícia Severino, Felipe Mendes de Andrade de Carvalho, Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque-Júnior, Laiza Canielas Krause, Luciana Nalone Andrade, Jaderson K. Schneider, Silvana Vieira Flores Gomes, Raffaele Capasso, Mendes de Andrade de Carvalho, Felipe, Kleveston Schneider, Jaderson, Viviane Freitas de Jesus, Carla, Nalone de Andrade, Luciana, Guimarães Amaral, Ricardo, Maurício David, Jorge, Canielas Krause, Laíza, Severino, Patrícia, Mara Faria Soares, Cleide, Caramão Bastos, Elina, Ferreira Padilha, Francine, Vieira Flores Gomes, Silvana, Capasso, Raffaele, Santini, Antonello, Barbosa Souto, Eliana, Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque-Júnior, Ricardo, and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
lcsh:QR1-502 ,Antineoplastic Agents ,red propoli ,Biochemistry ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Propolis ,Article ,supercritical liquid ,Terpene ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,antitumor activity ,red propolis ,Cytotoxicity ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Lupeol ,supercritical liquids ,0303 health sciences ,Chromatography ,Science & Technology ,Terpenes ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Ketones ,3. Good health ,Solvent ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Yield (chemistry) ,Alcohols ,extraction ,Gas chromatography ,Ethers - Abstract
Brazilian red propolis has been proposed as a new source of compounds with cytotoxic activity. Red propolis is a resinous material of vegetal origin, synthesized from the bees of the Appis mellifera family, with recognized biological properties. To obtain actives of low polarity and high cytotoxic profile from red propolis, in this work, we proposed a new solvent accelerated extraction method. A complete 23 factorial design was carried out to evaluate the influence of the independent variables or factors (e.g., temperature, number of cycles, and extraction time) on the dependent variable or response (i.e., yield of production). The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for the identification of chemical compounds. Gas chromatography analysis revealed the presence of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, ethers, and terpenes, such as lupeol, lupenone, and lupeol acetate, in most of the obtained extracts. To evaluate the cytotoxicity profile of the obtained bioactives, the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazole)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay was performed in different tumor cell lines (HCT116 and PC3). The results show that the extract obtained from 70 °C and one cycle of extraction of 10 min exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines. The highest yield, however, did not indicate the highest cytotoxic activity, but the optimal extraction conditions were indeed dependent on the temperature (i.e., 70 °C)., FCT -Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(UIDB/04469/2020), info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2020