1. The role of miRNAs as biomarkers in prostate cancer
- Author
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José A. Lorente, Maria Jesus Alvarez-Cubero, Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez, Ignacio Puche-Sanz, Alba Rodríguez-Martínez, Inmaculada Robles-Fernandez, Jose Manuel Cozar, and Fernando Vázquez-Alonso
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Computational biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Prostate ,microRNA ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,medicine.disease ,Precision medicine ,MicroRNAs ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Human genome ,Oncotype DX ,business - Abstract
There is an urged need of non-invasive biomarkers for the implementation of precision medicine. These biomarkers are required to these days for improving prostate cancer (PCa) screening, treatment or stratification in current clinical strategies. There are several commercial kits (Oncotype DX genomic prostate score®, Prolaris®, among others) that use genomic changes, rearrangement or even non-coding RNA events. However, none of them are currently used in the routine clinical practice. Many recent studies indicate that miRNAs are relevant molecules (small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression of more than 30% of human genes) to be implement non-invasive biomarkers. However, contrasting to others tumors, such as breast cancer where miR-21 seems to be consistently upregulated; PCa data are controversial. Here we reported an extended revision about the role of miRNAs in PCa including data of AR signaling, cell cycle, EMT process, CSCs regulation and even the role of miRNAs as PCa diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tool. It is known that current biomedical research uses big-data analysis like Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis. We also conducted an extensive online search, including the main platforms and kits for miRNAs massive analysis (like MiSeq, Nextseq 550, or Ion S5™ systems) indicating their pros, cons and including pre-analytical and analytical issues of miRNA studies.
- Published
- 2019