1. Current EU research activities on combined exposure to multiple chemicals
- Author
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Bopp, Stephanie K, Barouki, Robert, Brack, Werner, Dalla Costa, Silvia, Dorne, Jean-Lou C M, Drakvik, Paula E, Faust, Michael, Karjalainen, Tuomo K, Kephalopoulos, Stylianos, van Klaveren, Jacob, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Lebret, Erik, Lettieri, Teresa, Nørager, Sofie, Rüegg, Joëlle, Tarazona, Jose V, Trier, Xenia, van de Water, Bob, van Gils, Jos, Bergman, Åke, Sub RIVM, dIRAS RA-2, Sub RIVM, and dIRAS RA-2
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,PNEC, predicted no effect concentration ,SMRI, similar mixture risk indicator ,010501 environmental sciences ,MoA, mode of action ,01 natural sciences ,PBTK, physiologically based toxicokinetic (model) ,AOP, adverse outcome pathway ,TTC, Threshold of Toxicological Concern ,NAM, new approach methodology ,Order (exchange) ,MCRA, Monte Carlo risk assessment tool ,CMEP, chemical monitoring and emerging pollutants ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,IATA, integrated approach to testing and assessment ,Legislature ,Environmental exposure ,CAG, cumulative assessment group ,IPRA, integrated probabilistic risk assessment ,DEB, dynamic energy budget ,RDT, repeated dose systemic toxicity ,Risk assessment ,Exposure data ,IA, independent action ,DART, developmental and reproductive toxicity ,EBT, effect-based tools ,MSFD, Marine Strategy Framework Directive ,TK, toxicokinetic ,CRA, cumulative risk assessment ,AO, adverse outcome ,BMD, benchmark dose modelling ,MCR, maximum cumulative ratio ,MRA, mixture risk assessment ,Complex Mixtures ,PEC, predicted exposure concentration ,Risk Assessment ,SYRINA, systematic review and integrated assessment ,Hazardous Substances ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cells ,EDC, endocrine disrupting chemical ,LOE, lines of evidence ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Animals ,Humans ,BQE, biological quality element ,European Union ,European union ,Environmental planning ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Exposure assessment ,QSAR, quantitative structure activity relationship ,Research ,EQS, environmental quality standard ,Environmental Exposure ,MEC, measured exposure concentration ,Effect assessment ,030104 developmental biology ,HBM, human biomonitoring ,13. Climate action ,WFD, Water Framework Directive ,CA, concentration addition - Abstract
Humans and wildlife are exposed to an intractably large number of different combinations of chemicals via food, water, air, consumer products, and other media and sources. This raises concerns about their impact on public and environmental health. The risk assessment of chemicals for regulatory purposes mainly relies on the assessment of individual chemicals. If exposure to multiple chemicals is considered in a legislative framework, it is usually limited to chemicals falling within this framework and co-exposure to chemicals that are covered by a different regulatory framework is often neglected. Methodologies and guidance for assessing risks from combined exposure to multiple chemicals have been developed for different regulatory sectors, however, a harmonised, consistent approach for performing mixture risk assessments and management across different regulatory sectors is lacking. At the time of this publication, several EU research projects are running, funded by the current European Research and Innovation Programme Horizon 2020 or the Seventh Framework Programme. They aim at addressing knowledge gaps and developing methodologies to better assess chemical mixtures, by generating and making available internal and external exposure data, developing models for exposure assessment, developing tools for in silico and in vitro effect assessment to be applied in a tiered framework and for grouping of chemicals, as well as developing joint epidemiological-toxicological approaches for mixture risk assessment and for prioritising mixtures of concern. The projects EDC-MixRisk, EuroMix, EUToxRisk, HBM4EU and SOLUTIONS have started an exchange between the consortia, European Commission Services and EU Agencies, in order to identify where new methodologies have become available and where remaining gaps need to be further addressed. This paper maps how the different projects contribute to the data needs and assessment methodologies and identifies remaining challenges to be further addressed for the assessment of chemical mixtures., Highlights • Mapping EU funded research projects to different aspects of mixture risk assessment. • Overview of current status and methodological developments • Need to further address data and knowledge gaps overarching different chemical sectors
- Published
- 2018