1. Increase in Ceftriaxone Resistance and Widespread Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases Genes Among Salmonella enterica from Human and Nonhuman Sources
- Author
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Xiaowei Yang, Xuebin Xu, Jianghong Meng, Xudong Su, Jianmin Zhang, Weimin Shi, Dai Kuang, and Xianming Shi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,China ,Salmonella ,Meat ,Nalidixic acid ,Swine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Salmonella enteritidis ,030106 microbiology ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Drug resistance ,Integron ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Poultry ,beta-Lactamases ,Integrons ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,Rivers ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,biology ,Ceftriaxone ,Salmonella enterica ,biology.organism_classification ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,030104 developmental biology ,Food Microbiology ,Beta-lactamase ,biology.protein ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Food Science ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Salmonella producing β-lactamases has spread rapidly worldwide and poses a serious threat to human and animal health. In this study, we characterized 220 ceftriaxone (CRO)-resistant isolates identified among 3153 Salmonella from humans, animals, food, and water collected in Shanghai, China. They were assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility, phenotypic identification of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and β-lactamase genes and integrons. CRO resistance in Salmonella increased from 5.0% in 2011 to 8.4% in 2013. Salmonella Enteritidis (45.5%), Salmonella Typhimurium (20.9%) from humans, and Salmonella Indiana (14.5%) from poultry represented the majority of the CRO-resistant isolates. Many isolates were also resistant to other antimicrobials, including nalidixic acid (84.5%), sulfisoxazole (70.5%), and tetracycline (61.8%). Resistance to ciprofloxacin was also found in 33.6% of the isolates. Most isolates (98.2%) were confirmed as ESBL producers. Resistance genes such as blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaOXA were detected in 207 (94.1%), 99 (45%), and 53 (24.1%) isolates, respectively. Three types of integron I and one type of integron II were identified in 13 (5.9%) and 2 (0.9%) isolates, respectively. The integrons encompassed 10 different genes: dfrA1/12/17/25, aadA1/2/5, sat2, orfF, and ybeA. Our study underscores concern for increasing CRO resistance, and highlights the widespread ESBL genes in Salmonella enterica.
- Published
- 2018