1. Concurrent validity and reliability of suicide risk assessment instruments: A meta analysis of 20 instruments across 27 international cohorts
- Author
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Haswell Cc, Gordon D. Waiter, Neda Jahanshad, Christine Lochner, Tracy Erwin-Grabner, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Dick J. Veltman, Igor Nenadic, L Colic, Katharina Brosch, Tilo Kircher, Verdolini N, Elizabeth D. Ballard, Katharina Dohm, Udo Dannlowski, Tony T. Yang, Philip B. Mitchell, Harmelen Av, Dan J. Stein, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Elisa M T Melloni, Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez, Colm G. Connolly, Yara Mekawi, Elena Pozzi, Rajendra A. Morey, Raymond Salvador, Tiffany C. Ho, Uyar-Demir A, Ambrogi S, Adrian I. Campos, van der Werff Sj, Olié E, le Bars E, Francesco Benedetti, Andrew M. McIntosh, Fabrizio Piras, van der Wee Nj, Giana I. Teresi, Emma L. Hawkins, Carlos A. Zarate, Hilary P. Blumberg, Pereira F, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Maria R. Dauvermann, Kathryn R. Cullen, Sacchet, Lianne Schmaal, Bellow S, Courtet P, Frederike Stein, Negar Fani, van Rooij Sj, Harris Ma, Heather C. Whalley, J. D. Steele, Van Velzen Ls, Joaquim Radua, Aditya Singh, Nerisa Banaj, Fortea L, Dominik Grotegerd, Vecchio D, Ian H. Gotlib, Paul M. Thompson, Miguel E. Rentería, Deverdun J, Eiji Shimizu, Gloria Roberts, Tanja Jovanovic, Emily K. Clarke-Rubright, Rodriguez-Cano E, Ali Saffet Gonul, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Zeynep Başgöze, Poletti S, Jollant F, Susanne Meinert, Rachel D. Phillips, Dawson Hill, Jennifer S. Stevens, Sarah Whittle, Akiko Nakagawa, Kerry J. Ressler, Ben J. Harrison, Irene Bollettini, Eduard Vieta, Christopher G. Davey, Gianfranco Spalletta, and Anca-Larisa Sandu
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050103 clinical psychology ,05 social sciences ,Concurrent validity ,030227 psychiatry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Scale (social sciences) ,Meta-analysis ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Working group ,Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale ,Suicidal ideation ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Reliability (statistics) ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
ObjectiveA major limitation of current suicide research is the lack of power to identify robust correlates of suicidal thoughts or behaviour. Variation in suicide risk assessment instruments used across cohorts may represent a limitation to pooling data in international consortia.MethodHere, we examine this issue through two approaches: (i) an extensive literature search on the reliability and concurrent validity of the most commonly used instruments; and (ii) by pooling data (N∼6,000 participants) from cohorts from the ENIGMA-Major Depressive Disorder (ENIGMA-MDD) and ENIGMA-Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviour (ENIGMA-STB) working groups, to assess the concurrent validity of instruments currently used for assessing suicidal thoughts or behaviour.ResultsOur results suggested a pattern of moderate-to-high correlations between instruments, consistent with the wide range of correlations, r=0.22-0.97, reported in the literature. Two common complex instruments, the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), were highly correlated with each other (r=0.83), as were suicidal ideation items from common depression severity questionnaires.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that multi-item instruments provide valuable information on different aspects of suicidal thoughts or behaviour, but share a core factor with single suicidal ideation items found in depression severity questionnaires. Multi-site collaborations including cohorts that used distinct instruments for suicide risk assessment should be feasible provided that they harmonise across instruments or focus on specific constructs of suicidal thoughts or behaviours.Key pointsQuestion: To inform future suicide research in multi-site international consortia, it is important to examine how different suicide measures relate to each other and whether they can be used interchangeably.Findings: Findings suggest detailed instruments (such as the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation) provide valuable information on suicidal thoughts and behaviour, and share a core factor with items on suicidal ideation from depression severity rating scale (such as the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale or the Beck Depression Inventory).Importance: Results from international collaborations can mitigate biases by harmonising distinct suicide risk assessment instruments.Next steps: Pooling data within international suicide research consortia may reveal novel clinical, biological and cognitive correlates of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviour.
- Published
- 2021
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