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The salvage liver transplantation (LT) strategy was conceived for initially resectable and transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to obviate upfront transplantation, with salvage LT in the case of recurrence. The longterm outcomes of a second resection for recurrent HCC have improved. The aim of this study was to perform an intention-to-treat analysis of overall survival (OS) comparing these 2 strategies for initially resectable and transplantable recurrent HCC. From 1994 to 2011, 391 patients with HCC who underwent salvage LT (n = 77) or a second resection (n = 314) were analyzed. Of 77 patients in the salvage LT group, 21 presented with resectable and transplantable recurrent HCC and 18 underwent transplantation. Of 314 patients in the second resection group, 81 presented with resectable and transplantable recurrent HCC and 81 underwent a second resection. The 5-year intention-to-treat OS rates, calculated from the time of primary hepatectomy, were comparable between the 2 strategies (72% for salvage transplantation versus 77% for second resection; P = 0.57). In patients who completed the salvage LT or second resection procedure, the 5-year OS rates, calculated from the time of the second surgery, were comparable between the 2 strategies (71% versus 71%; P = 0.99). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 72% following transplantation and 18% following the second resection (P

The optimal strategy in patients with stage IVA colorectal cancer remains debated. This study was designed to compare the long-term outcomes and the pattern of recurrence following classical (CS) versus reverse (RS) strategy.Data from all consecutive patients, who have completed the CS and RS, were retrospectively reviewed. A propensity score matching (PSM) was performed on 1:2 (RS:CS) ratio to obtain two groups matched for tumor characteristics. Survival and recurrence pattern were investigated before and after matching.The study population included 161 patients: 145 treated with CS versus 16 with RS. Five-year overall survival (OS, 51.5 vs. 42.7 %, p = 0.91) and recurrence-free survival (RFS, 20.5 vs. 20.6 %, p = 0.15) were not different between the two strategies. The median time to recurrence (TTR) whatever the site was significantly shorter in the RS group than in the CS group (3.5 vs. 13 months, p = 0.02). Extrahepatic recurrence was significantly more frequent (37.5 vs. 16.6 %; p = 0.04) and occurred earlier after treatment completion in the RS group than in the CS group (3.4 vs. 16.4 months, p = 0.009). Similar findings in terms of OS, RFS, median TTR whatever the site and proportion of extrahepatic recurrence were observed after PSM.Stage IVA colorectal cancer patients who have completed the CS or RS had similar OS. Extrahepatic recurrence is more frequent and occurs earlier after RS. Postoperative locoregional therapy and active follow-up strategies should be considered in RS patients.

Background Elderly recipients are frequently discussed by the scientific community but objective indication for this parameter has been provided. The aim of this study was to synthesize the available evidence on liver transplantation for elderly patients to assess graft and patient survival. Methods A literature search of the Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases was carried out from January 2000 to August 2018. Clinical studies comparing the outcomes of liver transplantation in adult younger ( 65 years) populations were analyzed. The primary outcomes were patient mortality and graft loss rates. This review was registered (Number CRD42017058261) as required in the international prospective register for systematic review protocols (PROSPERO). Results Twenty-two studies were included involving a total of 242,487 patients (elderly: 23,660 and young: 218,827) were included in this study. In the meta-analysis, the elderly group had patient mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97–1.63; P = 0.09; I2 = 48%) and graft (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.81–1.47; P = 0.59; I2 = 12%) loss rates comparable to those in the young group. Conclusions Elderly patients have similar long-term survival and graft loss rates as young patients. Liver transplantation is an acceptable and safe curative option for elderly transplant candidates.

The management of large spontaneous portosystemic shunt (SPSS) during liver transplantation (LT) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study is to compare the short-term and longterm outcomes of SPSS ligation versus nonligation during LT, when both options are available. From 2011 to 2017, 66 patients with SPSS underwent LT: 56 without and 10 with portal vein thrombosis (PVT), all of whom underwent successful thrombectomy and could have portoportal reconstruction. The SPSS were either splenorenal (n = 40; 60.6%), left gastric (n = 16; 24.2%), or mesenterico-iliac (n = 10; 15.1%). Following portoportal anastomosis, the SPSS was ligated in 36 (54.4%) patients and left in place in 30 (45.5%) patients, based on the effect of the SPSS clamping/unclamping test on portal vein flow during the anhepatic phase. Intraoperatively, satisfactory portal flow was obtained in both groups. Primary nonfunction (PNF) and primary dysfunction (PDF) rates did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Nonligation of SPSS was significantly associated with a higher rate of postoperative encephalopathy (P < 0.001) and major postoperative morbidity (P = 0.02). PVT occurred in 0 and 3 patients in the ligated and nonligated shunt group, respectively (P = 0.08). A composite end point, which included the relevant complications in the setting of SPSS in LT (ie, PNF and PDF, PVT, and encephalopathy) was present in 16 (44.4%) and 22 (73.3%) patients of the ligated and nonligated shunt group, respectively (P = 0.02). Patient (P = 0.05) and graft (P = 0.02) survival rates were better in the ligated shunt group. In conclusion, the present study supports routine ligation of large SPSS during LT whenever feasible. Liver Transplantation 24 505-515 2018 AASLD.

Knowledge regarding the feasibility and safety of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in obese liver transplant recipients is scarce. We report our experience of sleeve gastrectomy following liver transplantation (LT). All patients who had undergone LT and subsequently underwent SG at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical outcomes, liver and kidney function tests, outcomes of obesity-related comorbidities, and excess weight loss were analyzed. Between May 2008 and February 2015, six consecutive patients underwent SG after LT. Three procedures (50%) were performed totally by laparoscopy, and three by upfront laparotomy for concomitant incisional hernia complex repair. Within the first 30 days, one complication occurred: early gastric fistula that required multiple endoscopic procedures and re-intervention, followed by death 19 months after SG due to multi-organ failure. Another patient had one late complication: chronic infection on a parietal mesh successfully controlled by mesh removal. Excess weight loss averaged 76% at 2 years with a median BMI of 28 (21–39) kg/m2. Median follow-up was 37.2 months (range 13–101 months). Median length of stay was 9 days (range: 6–81 days). SG is technically feasible after LT and resulted in weight loss without adversely affecting graft function and immunosuppression. However, morbidity and mortality are high.

After comparing with open approach, left lateral sectionectomy (LLS) has become standard in terms of short-term outcomes without jeopardizing long-term survival when performed for malignancy. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term and economic outcomes of laparoscopic (L-LLS) and robotic (R-LLS) LLS. All consecutive patients who underwent L-LLS or R-LLS from 1997 to 2014 were analyzed. Short-term and economic outcomes were compared between the two groups using a propensity score matching (PSM). Ninety-six consecutive cases of LLS were performed using the laparoscopic (80 cases; 83 %) or robotic (16 cases; 17 %) approach. The two groups were similar for operative and surgical outcomes. Operation time was similar in the R-LLS compared to the L-LLS group (190 vs. 162 min; p = 0.10). Perioperative costs were higher (1457 € vs. 576 €; p

The impact of postoperative complications (POCs) on long-term outcomes following hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection remains to be ascertained. All consecutive HCC resected at a single center were analyzed. Patients with POCs, classified according to Clavien classification, were compared to those without in terms of demographics, pathology, management, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Independent prognostic factors of POCs were identified using multivariable regression models. Among 341 patients, overall POCs rate was 34% (n = 116) and grade III–IV POCs rate was 14.4% (n = 49). POCs were an independent negative factor for OS [hazard ratio (HR) 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–2.26, p = 0.009] with BCLC stage, the need for combined procedure, intraoperative transfusion, and the METAVIR score of the underlying parenchyma. Similarly, occurrence of POCs was associated independently with DFS (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.18–2.15, p = 0.002), together with the presence of portal hypertension, BCLC stage, the need for combined procedure, intraoperative transfusion, and the presence of satellite nodules. After stratification, the negative impact of morbidity on OS and DFS reached statistical significance in the BCLC stage A subset only (p = 0.026, and p