1. The commercial genetic testing landscape for Parkinson's disease
- Author
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Lola Cook, Jeanine Schulze, Jennifer Verbrugge, James C. Beck, Karen S. Marder, Rachel Saunders-Pullman, Christine Klein, Anna Naito, Roy N. Alcalay, Alexis Brice, Amasi Kumeh, Andrew B. West, Andrew Singleton, Birgitt Schüle, Brian Fiske, Carolin Gabbert, Connie Marras, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Courtney Thaxton, Dario Alessi, David Craig, Edward A. Fon, Emily Forbes, Enza Maria Valente, Esther Sammler, Gill Chao, Giulietta Riboldi, Houda Zghal Elloumi, Ignacio Mata, Jamie C. Fong, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Joshua Shulman, Judith Peterschmitt, Karen Marder, Katja Lohmann, Kelly Nudelman, Lara Lange, Mark R. Cookson, Martha Nance, Matthew Farrer, Melina Grigorian, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Niccolo Mencacci, Owen Ross, Pramod Mistry, Priscila Hodges, Rachel Blake, S. Pablo Sardi, Sali Farhan, Samuel Strom, Shalini Padmanabhan, Shruthi Mohan, Simonne Longerich, Susanne Schneider, Suzanne Lesage, Tanya Bardakjian, Tatiana Foroud, Thomas Courtin, Thomas Tropea, Yunlong Liu, Ziv Gan-Or, Ali S. Shalash, Anne Hall, Avner Thaler, Carolyn M. Sue, Deborah Mascalzoni, Deborah Raymond, Emilia Mabel Gatto, Gian D. Pal, Inke König, Ivana Novakovic, Marcelo Merello, Mehri Salari, Niccolo Emanuele Mencacci, Nobutaka Hattori, Oksana Suchowersky, Soraya Bardien, Sun Ju Chung, Tatyana Simuni, Timothy Lynch, Vincenzo Bonifati, and Clinical Genetics
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,Genetic testing ,Disease ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Multi-gene panels ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genetic Testing ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Parkinsonism ,PARK7 ,Neurosciences ,Parkinson Disease ,medicine.disease ,LRRK2 ,Clinical laboratories ,3. Good health ,Neurology ,Atypical Parkinsonism ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Dystonic disorder ,Laboratories, Clinical ,Neurovetenskaper - Abstract
Introduction There have been no specific guidelines regarding which genes should be tested in the clinical setting for Parkinson's disease (PD) or parkinsonism. We evaluated the types of clinical genetic testing offered for PD as the first step of our gene curation. Methods The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) was queried on 12/7/2020 to identify current commercial PD genetic test offerings by clinical laboratories, internationally. Results We identified 502 unique clinical genetic tests for PD, from 28 Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-approved clinical laboratories. These included 11 diagnostic PD panels. The panels were notable for their differences in size, ranging from 5 to 62 genes. Five genes for variant query were included in all panels (SNCA, PRKN, PINK-1, PARK7 (DJ1), and LRRK2). Notably, the addition of the VPS35 and GBA genes was variable. Panel size differences stemmed from inclusion of genes linked to atypical parkinsonism and dystonia disorders, and genes in which the link to PD causation is controversial. Conclusion There is an urgent need for expert opinion regarding which genes should be included in a commercial laboratory multi-gene panel for PD. Deborah Mascalzoni is part of Movement Society Disorder (MDS) Task Force on Recommendations for Clinical Genetic Testing in Parkinson's Disease
- Published
- 2021