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Resumen Introduccion La rotura de los ligamentos cruzados de la rodilla es frecuente y se repara mediante ligamentoplastia artroscopica. Entre sus complicaciones esta la artritis septica. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las caracteristicas clinicas y microbiologicas de esta entidad. Metodos Revision retrospectiva de casos de artritis septica tras ligamentoplastia de rodilla ocurridos en una institucion durante los anos 2000-2015. Segun los dias transcurridos desde la ligamentoplastia, la infeccion se considero aguda ( 14 dias y 30 dias). Se realizo un analisis descriptivo y comparativo, estratificado segun el tipo de infeccion y microorganismo causante. Resultados Se intervinieron 3.219 pacientes; 30 (0,9%) desarrollaron artritis septica. Diecisiete (57%) infecciones fueron agudas, 12 (40%) subagudas y una tardia. Los microorganismos causantes fueron Staphylococcus coagulasa-negativos (n = 13; 43%), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12; 40%), otros cocos grampositivos (n = 3; 10%) y bacilos gramnegativos (n = 2; 7%). Se realizo desbridamiento artroscopico en todos los casos; en ninguno fue necesario retirar la plastia. Los pacientes recibieron tratamiento antibiotico durante una mediana de 23,5 dias (rango, 14 - 78 dias); todas las infecciones se curaron. No se evidenciaron diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables analizadas entre el tipo de infeccion o el microorganismo responsable. Conclusiones La artritis septica es una complicacion poco frecuente de la ligamentoplastia de rodilla. Se manifiesta generalmente dentro de las 4 semanas despues de la cirugia y esta causada por Staphylococcus . El tratamiento consiste en desbridamiento artroscopico precoz (pudiendo no ser necesario retirar la plastia) y antibioterapia.

Introduction Rupture of cruciate ligaments of the knee is a common injury that is repaired by arthroscopic reconstruction, which can give rise to septic arthritis. The objective of this article is to describe the clinical and microbiological aspects of this entity. Methods Retrospective review of cases of septic arthritis following arthroscopic reconstruction of cruciate ligaments of the knee that occurred at a single institution from 2000 to 2015. According to time elapsed from surgery, infections were classified as acute ( 14 days and 30 days). A descriptive and comparative analysis stratified by type of infection and causative microorganism was performed. Results 3219 patients underwent arthroscopic reconstruction of cruciate ligaments of the knee and 30 (0.9%) developed septic arthritis. Seventeen (57%) were acute infections and 12 (40%) subacute; there was one late infection. The causative microorganisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (n = 13; 43%), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12; 40%), other Gram positive cocci (n = 3; 10%), and Gram negative bacilli (n = 2; 7%). All patients underwent arthroscopic debridement; no grafts were removed. All patients received antibiotic therapy for a median of 23.5 days (range: 14–78 days); all infections were cured. No significant differences were found in any of the variables analysed among the infection type or the causative microorganism. Conclusions Septic arthritis after arthroscopic reconstruction of cruciate ligaments of the knee is uncommon. It generally presents within 4 weeks of surgery and is caused by Staphylococci. Its treatment consists of arthroscopic debridement (without necessarily removing the graft) and antibiotic therapy.