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Your search keyword '"Sammy Kihara"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Sammy Kihara" Topic 0302 clinical medicine
2 results on '"Sammy Kihara"'

1. Temporal trends of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Kenya

Author

Henry K. Karanja, Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier, Sammy Kihara, Patrick Amoth, Anthony Etyang, Edwine Barasa, Christine Yegon, James Nyagwange, James Tuju, Shirine Voller, Kadondi Kasera, Wangari Ng’ang’a, Thomas Rotich, Charles Rombo, Teresa Lambe, Mark Otiende, Christian Bottomley, George M. Warimwe, Sophie Uyoga, J. Anthony G. Scott, Katherine E. Gallagher, Elizabeth Odhiambo, Khamisi Kithi, Rashid Aman, Philip Bejon, John N. Gitonga, Mercy Mwangangi, Irene Orgut, Ifedayo M. O. Adetifa, Ambrose Agweyu, Perpetual Wanjiku, Daniel B. Wright, Eunice W. Kagucia, Daisy Mugo, and Benjamin Tsofa

Subjects
Male, Epidemiology, viruses, General Physics and Astronomy, Antibodies, Viral, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Prevalence, 030212 general & internal medicine, skin and connective tissue diseases, Multidisciplinary, virus diseases, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Transmission (mechanics), Geography, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Test performance, Female, Adult, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Adolescent, Science, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 030231 tropical medicine, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Population screening, Seroprevalence, Humans, Epidemics, Viral immunology, SARS-CoV-2, fungi, COVID-19, Bayes Theorem, General Chemistry, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Kenya, body regions, Viral infection, Immunoglobulin G, Demography
Abstract

Observed SARS-CoV-2 infections and deaths are low in tropical Africa raising questions about the extent of transmission. We measured SARS-CoV-2 IgG by ELISA in 9,922 blood donors across Kenya and adjusted for sampling bias and test performance. By 1st September 2020, 577 COVID-19 deaths were observed nationwide and seroprevalence was 9.1% (95%CI 7.6-10.8%). Seroprevalence in Nairobi was 22.7% (18.0-27.7%). Although most people remained susceptible, SARS-CoV-2 had spread widely in Kenya with apparently low associated mortality., The reported burden of SARS-CoV-2 has been relatively low in tropical Africa compared to Europe and the Americas, but estimating true infection rates is challenging. Here, the authors screen blood donors in Kenya for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and describe spatiotemporal seroprevalence dynamics.

Published
2021

2. Seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors

Author

Elizabeth Odhiambo, Irene Orgut, Kadondi Kasera, George M. Warimwe, Ifedayo M. O. Adetifa, Shirine Voller, Christine Yegon, Wangari Ng’ang’a, Leonard Ndwiga, Christian Bottomley, Eunice W. Kagucia, Mark Otiende, Edwine Barasa, James Nyagwange, Charles Rombo, Teresa Lambe, Anthony Etyang, Ambrose Agweyu, Perpetual Wanjiku, J. Anthony G. Scott, Sophie Uyoga, Khamisi Kithi, James Tuju, Thomas Rotich, Daisy Mugo, Edward Otieno, Sammy Kihara, Daniel B. Wright, Zonia N. Mupe, Katherine E. Gallagher, Patrick Amoth, Charles N. Agoti, John N. Gitonga, Philip Bejon, Rashid Aman, Mercy Mwangangi, Henry K. Karanja, Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier, and Benjamin Tsofa

Subjects
Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Complete data, Kenya, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Population, Blood Donors, Antibodies, Viral, Immunoglobulin G, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical microbiology, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Environmental health, Pandemic, Epidemiology, Global health, medicine, Humans, Seroprevalence, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Aged, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, biology, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Outbreak, virus diseases, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Multilevel regression, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, Communicable Disease Control, biology.protein, Antibody, business, Demography
Abstract

BackgroundThere are no data on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Africa though the COVID-19 epidemic curve and reported mortality differ from patterns seen elsewhere. We estimated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence among blood donors in Kenya.MethodsWe measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG prevalence by ELISA on residual blood donor samples obtained between April 30 and June 16, 2020. Assay sensitivity and specificity were 83% (95% CI 59-96%) and 99.0% (95% CI 98.1-99.5%), respectively. National seroprevalence was estimated using Bayesian multilevel regression and post-stratification to account for non-random sampling with respect to age, sex and region, adjusted for assay performance.ResultsComplete data were available for 3098 of 3174 donors, aged 15-64 years. By comparison with the Kenyan population, the sample over- represented males (82% versus 49%), adults aged 25-34 years (40% versus 27%) and residents of coastal Counties (49% versus 9%). Crude overall seroprevalence was 5.6% (174/3098). Population-weighted, test- adjusted national seroprevalence was 5.2% (95% CI 3.7– 7.1%). Seroprevalence was highest in the 3 largest urban Counties - Mombasa (9.3% [95% CI 6.4-13.2%)], Nairobi (8.5% [95% CI 4.9-13.5%]) and Kisumu (6.5% [95% CI 3.3-11.2%]).ConclusionsWe estimate that 1 in 20 adults in Kenya had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies during the study period. By the median date of our survey, only 2093 COVID-19 cases and 71 deaths had been reported through the national screening system. This contrasts, by several orders of magnitude, with the numbers of cases and deaths reported in parts of Europe and America when seroprevalence was similar.

Published
2020
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