1. Development of an E-learning System for the Endoscopic Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer: An International Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
- Author
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Can Gonen, A.G. Avendano, Gwang H.A. Kim, Kenshi Yao, Fang Yao, Y. Takahashi, Andrzej P. Bialek, George K. Anagnostopoulos, Federico Iacopini, Shiaw Hooi Ho, Daniel G. Cimmino, Krish Ragunath, Luis E. Caro, Alberto Farca, Wisit Kasetsermwiriya, Alejandro Piscoya, Hideki Ishikawa, K. Yamazaki, Evgeny Fedorov, Rupa Banerjee, E.C. Castro Filho, Jimmy Bok Yan So, W.A. Piedra Carvajal, Noriya Uedo, Rapat Pittayanon, H.J. Cardona, L.F. Cuaresma, C.M. Hayward, Sung Eun Kim, M.M. Piskorz, A. Mitrakov, Manabu Muto, Mario Marini, Carolina Olano, Adolfo Parra-Blanco, Haibo Li, C.A. Waldbaum, Rajvinder Singh, Tiing Leong Ang, Sunil Dolwani, D.M. Milhomem-Cardoso, and J.J. Bonilla
- Subjects
Program evaluation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education ,lcsh:Medicine ,E-learning ,International multicenter randomized controlled trial ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,Stomach Neoplasms ,law ,Internal medicine ,Gastroscopy ,medicine ,Clinical endpoint ,Humans ,Learning ,Program Development ,Early Detection of Cancer ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Internet ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Gastroenterologists ,Advanced stage ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,R1 ,Early Gastric Cancer ,Surgery ,Test (assessment) ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Improvement rate ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Gastric cancer ,business ,Endoscopic diagnosis ,Program Evaluation ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background In many countries, gastric cancer is not diagnosed until an advanced stage. An Internet-based e-learning system to improve the ability of endoscopists to diagnose gastric cancer at an early stage was developed and was evaluated for its effectiveness. Methods The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. After receiving a pre-test, participants were randomly allocated to either an e-learning or non-e-learning group. Only those in the e-learning group gained access to the e-learning system. Two months after the pre-test, both groups received a post-test. The primary endpoint was the difference between the two groups regarding the rate of improvement of their test results. Findings 515 endoscopists from 35 countries were assessed for eligibility, and 332 were enrolled in the study, with 166 allocated to each group. Of these, 151 participants in the e-learning group and 144 in the non-e-learning group were included in the analysis. The mean improvement rate (standard deviation) in the e-learning and non-e-learning groups was 1·24 (0·26) and 1·00 (0·16), respectively (P, Highlights • This report establishes that an e-learning system on the Internet can improve the diagnostic ability of endoscopists. • Countless endoscopists worldwide can access the system to learn how to make an endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer. • The e-learning system could be modified to provide education regarding endoscopic diagnosis in other organs. This is the first report to demonstrate how an e-learning system based on the Internet can improve the diagnostic ability of gastrointestinal endoscopists worldwide. There is no limit to the number of endoscopists who can access the system and benefit from this opportunity to learn how to make an endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer. This e-learning system could be modified to provide education regarding endoscopic diagnosis in other organs such as the large intestine and the esophagus, as well as the stomach. It may contribute to human welfare and health by reducing the mortality from gastrointestinal cancer.
- Published
- 2016
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