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Dans cet article, nous étudions l’agentivité des enseignants après leur participation à une maîtrise master de formation internationale en éducation à la recherche. 16 enseignants, originaires de divers pays africains, ont été soumis à un entretien semi-structuré à la fin d’un master de formation. Les données collectées ont été analysées qualitativement à travers des catégories thématiques. Les entretiens ont mis en lumière la façon dont les enseignants ont exprimé leur agentivité à la suite de leur participation au master de formation. A la fin du master, les aspects d’analyse de la perception d’agentivité pris en considération sont ceux en relation avec les choix professionnels, la communauté scholastique d’appartenance, les pratiques professionnelles acquises lors de la formation à la recherche ainsi que l’agentivité pour transformer les pratiques professionnelles personnelles et collectives., In this article, we analyse the teachers' agency after participation in an international training master’s in educational research. Sixteen teachers, from various African countries, accept to participate in a semi-structured interview at the end of an international master. The data collected was analysed qualitatively through thematic dimensions. The interviews highlighted how the teachers expressed their agency in consequence of their participation in the international master. At the end of the master, the emerged dimensions of teachers’ agency are related to the professional choices, the scholastic local community, the professional practices acquired during the master as well as the transformation of their personal and collective professional practices.

International audience; The aim of this paper is to track down elements of self-regulated learning in a massive open online course regarding social capital. Specifically, the study is oriented to explore the relationship between feeling of belonging to an online community and individual and collective regulation of learning. For this aim, a combination of two already tested scales was operated, adapted for the research interests of this study and administered to a sample of MOOC participants. Several structural equation modelling analyses demonstrate that co-and self-regulated learning strategies lead to MOOC achievement (final exam score), and social capital is only a moderator of co-regulated learning (collective evaluation of content and collective decision-making) but not for selfregulated learning (individual environment control).

This article explores Pakistani and Bhutanese teacher educators’ digital competences about the use of social media, digital resources and professional online communities and implications of this on professional learning. The two countries, less discussed in international educational literature, are facing a growing use of the Internet in teaching and learning. Data include a survey completed by 67 teacher educators from Pakistan and 37 teachers from Bhutan, as well as semi-structured interviews from both countries. This study provides evidence of how teachers’ interaction on social networks and the use of digital resources play a central role in the introduction of innovative pedagogical practices of teacher educators, and teacher educators remain interested in knowledge sharing through social media for their professional learning.

Constructing explanations of scientific concepts is one of the most frequent strategies used in the science classroom and is a high-leverage teaching practice. This study analysed the explanations provided by student teachers in STEM areas from a socio-materiality perspective focused on verbal and nonverbal language and representations. The study was conducted in a hybrid research format by scholars and a preservice teacher. First, the study compared the representational elements used by 86 student teachers to construct explanations about various concepts in a roleplay setting. Next, a positioning analysis was done by a preservice teacher, to a selection of five of these explanations focused on the concept of “force”. The positioning analysis highlighted the embedded voices in the construction of explanations, with a focus on the intersection between science and language. The results showed that the student teachers created explanations as static artefacts, mainly using examples, graphs and images to clarify the concepts. The voices of learners and scientists were mostly absent from the explanations, which led to the presentation of explanations in STEM areas as finished and unquestionable artefacts, with references neither to nature nor to the history of science. We reflect on the meanings attributed to learning to be a practitioner in the context of interconnecting science and language through explanations, as a process of meaning (re)production within the classroom. Implications for teacher education are discussed in order to enhance student teachers’ awareness about constructing knowledge by enacting explanations in the science classroom.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how the creativity of pupils and teachers is nurtured through the use of a virtual world (VW) within a sociotechnical network affecting pupils’ learning in a pilot secondary school. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is the result of a pluri-disciplinary systemic analysis involving didactics, sociology, psychology and management science on an individual, collective and systemic scale. This participatory action research is based on interviews and systematic observations in class, in-world and in the global ecosystem. Linguistic and multimodal analysis is applied to the data, through teacher monographs that hint at the teachers’ activity. Findings Pupils’ and teachers’ creativity appeared to be anchored within four main interdependent nurturing conditions the personal inclinations and professional interactions in the sociotechnical network sustaining the VW; a creative regulation allowing compromises with the institutional constraints of pedagogical control; avatars and 3 D boundary objects that act as a motor of teachers-pupils inquiry and creativity; the sociotechnical network that contributes, through the actors’ play, to bringing the organisational rules of the school towards an innovation trajectory, that in turns mediates success in the use and the adoption of the new technology. Research limitations/implications Although this is a study within a specific school, the findings can be put to use by other pedagogical teams who would wish to integrate a VW to re-engage pupils. Practical implications The participatory design processes taking place within a sociotechnical network support teachers in the building of Virtual World scenarios negotiated with researchers and start-up developers. Social implications The pedagogical use of a virtual world opens new learning engagement opportunities for the pupils through enhanced experiential learning and sustains the transformation of teachers’ professionality. Originality/value The authors’ approach differs from the previous educational VW literature, in that they integrate the teachers’ creativity and their pedagogical scripts into their study, within a systemic approach, thus requiring a wider theoretical framework, necessary for understanding the building of strategies and knowledge that foster teachers’ and pupils’ creativity in educational settings using a VW.

Globally, COVID-19 has stressed social and personal tensions in professional life. This chapter focuses on the networked dimension to highlight the workers need for social connections. Some suggestions are proposed to implement an epistemic community to sustain creative and collaborative professional development in disruptive time. Two points are discussed to scaffold epistemic communities in the organisation: 1) the inter-professional dimension to embrace complex topic and 2) the emotional dimension as resources to embrace professional transformation.

International audience; The purpose of this study was to explore the implications of students’ and teacher’s creative configuration in the physical and virtual world. This analysis will be performed in a secondary school. Adopting a socio-material perspective, this paper focuses on embodiment configuration features for sense-making via new technology mediation. The context of this study was a secondary school who were adopting an immersive 3D virtual world in different teaching and learning subjects. Selected episodes from video-recordings of two types of sessions mediated by a virtual world – online and in the classroom – were analysed. The analytical framework of this paper draws on the complex and creative configurations of the body in both the physical and virtual setting. Our results highlight the creative ways in which the arrangement of teacher and student bodies acted as a mediational instrument between real and virtual settings.

This research investigates how a role called "friend of zone of proximal development" (ZPD), assigned to one student in a peer partnership, supports the transition from university to professional life. Two near-identical blended courses are compared. In Course 1 (6 F, 3 M), the friend of ZPD role was introduced into the ePortfolio structure. In Course 2 (6 F, 3 M), this role was not introduced. Students taking up the "friend of ZPD" role offered comments and advice. A total of 790 notes, posted by 9 students (average age: 24) for each course, were analysed. Through a quantitative analysis of the notes, we identify 3 emerging identity positions: I-as-university learner; I-as-informal learner; and I-as-future professional. Course 1 registered a higher number of identity positions, and the I-as-future-professional position was the most frequent. Further, sudents who predominantly took up the I-as-university-learner position had the lowest grades. Findings suggest that a poor projection towards the profession may compromise student learning outcomes.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of communities of practice in organizations and their most beneficial effects for both individual and collective development. Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review, from the first authoritative texts by Lave and Wenger until the most recent critiques, the paper has attempted to conciliate the individual and the organizational perspectives about this precious tool for knowledge management and creation. Findings Because of their distinctive features, a joint enterprise, a mutual engagement and a shared repertoire, if strategically managed, might resort to individual and organizational positive outcomes. From an individual perspective, communities could be beneficial in developing professional skills, a stronger sense of identity and finding continuity even during discontinuity and change. From an organizational perspective, communities of practice could help drive the strategy, start new lines of business, solve problems quickly and transfer best practices. Research limitations/implications Many limitations about this conceptualization have been presented. Therefore, future research should try to focus on communities within different socio-cultural contexts and within different kinds of organizations. Practical implications Practical implications about the use of communities of practice within organizational contexts are mainly linked to the enhancement of human and social capital seen as a strategic, although intangible, asset. Social implications The social implications of this paper are connected to the contribution to the discussion on the theme which is quite uncommon in human resource management research. Originality/value The value of this paper is the attempt to connect the communities of practice to human and social capital.

The initial technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) model was theorised on seven clearly identified factors. However, many studies have failed to empirically identify these seven factors, and elements influencing TPACK level, such as national context, gender, and age, remain unclear. The study is focused on teacher educators’ TPACK as one of the most important elements in schoolteacher training. The main goals were to test the validity of the initial TPACK seven-factor model in a cross-national analysis context and to identify factors influencing the TPACK perception. The sample was composed of 574 teacher educators coming from a total of eight schools of educational institutions from six countries. A 26-item questionnaire, based on a four-point Likert scale, investigated the seven factors of the TPACK model as independent scales. It was administered online and anonymously. A confirmatory factor analysis using the robust maximum likelihood method and Kruskal–Wallis chi-squared tests were performed. The study showed four major results: 1) a relative stability of the seven-factor model structure across countries; 2) the relative differences of university teachers’ TPACK perceptions across six countries in Europe and Asia; 3) the dependence of age and TPACK factors; and 4) an independence of gender/academic level and TPACK.

International audience; Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is yet to penetrate Zimbabwean schools. However, several programs in 2009 and 2011 tried to promote the teaching and learning of science and mathematics in schools through new technologies. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study aims to assess the effect of technology self-efficacy and prior ICT experience on Zimbabwean in-service science teachers' acceptance of digital videos in science education as required by the demands of the updated curriculum. Quantitative analysis was used to gather data from sixty-three Zimbabwean in-service science teachers. The study has shown a positive effect on the perceptions of the TAM on both technology self-efficacy and prior ICT experience. The study recommends teacher training in the use of ICT, particularly digital videos for the effective teaching and learning process.

This chapter aims to investigate how teachers perceive the usefulness of introducing technological tools (namely, iPad) for the learning/teaching process in a professional secondary school. More specifically, the authors intend to understand how the process of iPad appropriation is identified by the teachers as a learning tool. Through the analysis of focus groups involving different teachers belonging to the same school, the authors intend to detect teachers' self-efficacy and beliefs concerning the appropriation of the use of the iPad in the classroom along a school year. The findings of the study highlight diverse facilitating and hindering elements in the process of teachers' appropriation of such technological tool. The study opens further spaces to examine teachers' and students' perceptions in mastering new technological tools and in building new processes of teaching/learning.

International audience; This paper deals with the adaptation process of Intra-European South-South migration. The case study focuses on Italian mobility to the South of France with a focus on the PACA (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) region. This paper aims to analyze the developmental perception of adaptation in migration and the traces left on social networks. Data were collected from an online group on Facebook as a rich interpersonal and social bonding space and narrative accounts of young Italian workers on a website. The posts and narratives were qualitatively analyzed from a dialogical and cultural perspective. Data from the online network revealed the need of the community to share and build knowledge before the migration and right after and during the stay, reconstructing a polyphonic social reference of belonging. In the narratives, the external positions addressed and shaped the process of adaptation during the migration.

International audience; This article aims to investigate how university students perform agency inan online course and whether the collaborative nature of the course affectssuch expression. A total of 11 online web forums involving 18 students(N = 745 posts in total) were qualitatively analysed through the use of acodebook composed of five categories (individual, interpersonal, epistemic,transformative and collective) and several sub-categories purposelydeveloped for the sake of this research. The results show that each categoryfollows a specific path, although two events – the re-mixing of the groups andthe assumption of the peer-tutor role – particularly affected the evolution oftrends. Although this study needs further development, the authors believethat an in-depth understanding of the nature of agency, including how toanalyse it as well as empower it when implementing blended educationalactivities, engages relevant theoretical and pedagogical issues.

The new information and communication technologies are contributing to the renewal of the classical paradigms of knowledge transmission and construction. The purpose of this article is to present the Knowledge Building model, some technological tools associated with its implementation, like the Knowledge Forum, and some of its developments and educational applications., Les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication renouvellent les paradigmes classiques de la transmission et de la construction individuelle des connaissances. Le but de cet article est de présenter le modèle de la Co-élaboration des Connaissances (en anglais : Knowledge Building model), quelques outils technologiques, comme le Knowledge Forum, associés à sa mise en oeuvre et quelques-uns de ses développements et applications pédagogiques., Impedovo Maria-Antonietta, Andreucci Colette. Co-élaboration de connaissances nouvelles : du modèle théorique à ses outils technologiques. In: Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication pour l'Éducation et la Formation, volume 23 n°2, 2016. pp. 57-74.

International audience; This paper investigates teachers’ agency in relation to their professional development. In particular, we refer to research skills and attitude in-service teachers may acquire while attending an international master of research in education. A semi-structured interview was administrated to nine in-service teachers, coming from three different African countries. All of them are attending an international master course aimed to acquire skills in science educational research. The data collected was qualitatively analysed through a category system based on five types of agency. Teachers express the various types of agency in their attempt to extend their action in the context of belonging, with a strong social connotation towards colleagues, students, and the community.

The chapter deals with the relationship between knowledge management, social media, and organizational learning. The authors discuss the role played by social media in improving the organizational processes of knowledge creating, sharing, and managing that are basilar to an effective human capital management. Accordingly, the chapter describes social media as a strategic tool to improve those soft and self-regulatory skills (e.g., self-efficacy and self-regulated learning) that are indispensable to allow a passage from individual to “social” learning, which is a core concept for organizational efficacy.

International audience; In this paper, we investigate the in-service teachers ‘sense of agency’ after their participation in a research master course. A semi-structured interview was administrated to nine in-service science teachers, coming from three different African countries: Zimbabwe, Lesotho, and Burkina Faso. All of them attended a European master course aimed to acquire skills in science educational research. The data collected was qualitatively analysed through a system of categories. This paper aims to contribute to the discussion about the professionalisation of teacher education and the integration of research into teacher training.

International audience; In this article we present a review of literature on the concept of Artefact, Tool and Technical Object in the light of in sociocultural approach. Particular attention is given to present and discuss the French research tradition on the Technical Object and Technological education. The aim is to give a broad perspective to explore the mediation between the individual and their environment.

Purpose This paper aims to argue the beneficial effects of communities of practices for organizations. More specifically, given their intrinsic features, communities of practices support individuals and organizations in developing and diffusing the organizational culture, in making sense and guiding individual and collective actions, in defining identities and finally in coping with change and transitions. Design/methodology/approach Moving from a constructionist view of organizations, the paper reported the lessons learnt through literature about communities of practices, reviewing the most recent empirical evidences on the topic. Findings Boundary objects and boundary interactions are the concrete tools that allow individuals to exchange knowledge and to develop practices, thus becoming a community. This exchange of skills and expertise concretely shapes the practices that give sense to individual and organizational actions. Nonetheless, organizations and communities are open spaces constantly in interaction, both inside and outside the organizational borders. Thus, through contamination, namely, through the encounter with different actors and contexts, practices could be expanded and reformulated as long as they might suit to specific demands. Originality/value The paper argued that communities of practices in times of change could become a space for learning and development as long as they allow people to redefine mental models and practices and thus to make sense and to cope with a new cultural scenario.

International audience; The paper is set in socio-material farming to offer a way of conceptualising actions and interactions of children in preschool involved in the understanding of scientific concepts. A model of early science education about the physical phenomena of shadow formation is implemented in group work in a French context. The research involved 44 children (13 females and 31 males) of 5–6 years old. The research design was organised in three video recording steps: pre-test, teaching session and post-test. We focus on the analysis of nine teaching sessions to investigate children’s ‘understanding’ of shadow formation. A descriptive and qualitative approach was used. In particular, we have identified three main categories (the interaction of the children with the tools, the embodiment and verbal dimension)—with respective indicators—to perform the analysis. From the results, all the categories explored seem to influence each other: all material, human and social dimensions contribute to the children’s understanding of shadow formation. Also we have identified some elements that can serve as a potential source of improvement of the teaching session on shadow formation. Finally, the research provides insights on how to improve science activities in preschool with the aim of supporting early understanding of physical phenomena.

International audience; This paper presents a study on discovery learning of scientific concepts with the support of computer simulation. In particular, the paper will focus on the effect of the levels of guidance on students with a low degree of experience in informatics and educational technology. The first stage of this study was to identify the common misconceptions about density, starting from a literature review. Forty eight students (25 M and 23 F) from two high schools in Vanuatu were then involved in the study. These students were divided into three groups according to the different levels of guidance they received (Unguided; Minimum guidance, Maximum guidance). A pre and post activity questionnaire was designed containing 12 questions. The students underwent a training session with computer simulation about density. Using a descriptive and an inferential statistics method, scores obtained from the three different groups were compared during pre-test and post-test analyses. From the analyses it was found that the construction of knowledge from discovery learning activities occurs with or without guidance, however the amount of guidance received has an influence on the depth of conceptual understanding.