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The paper proposes an original methodology of authorship attribution based on the deviations from Zipf distribution and statistical data obtained with the help of a concordance program and computations performed in a table processor. The methodology involves finding distances between input texts and a reference text basing on deviations of stop-words frequencies. The results that have been achieved prove that the proposed methodology allows performing efficient authorship attribution and that it can be used in the educational process to develop student skills and competencies pertaining to natural language processing.

In this paper, we draw a distinction between information and computer sciences in terms of their objects and directions of research. In terms of the operating mode, we distinguish among automatic, automated, semi-automatic, and assistant systems and show that in each application domain there can be different configurations of these systems at different periods of time. In addition, we analyze the engineering, linguistic, and mathematical levels of domain-specific research and development, formulate their problems, and discuss promising directions.

The paper proposes the principles of publicity of historical process, consequency, and paradigmality. Depending on their significance, historical events are classified into critical, epochal, key, and occasional events. Local and global events are differentiated and possible variants of representation of local events at the global level are determined. The paper describes variants of correlation between the new paradigm and the old one, such as total rejection, partial rejection, mergence, and co-existence. It proves that the last variant is more characteristic of computer science. An attempt is made to distinguish “computer science” from “information science.”

This paper describes a methodology for developing a linguistic ontology as a component of a system for automatic analysis of customer opinions about commercial products. The fundamental principles of building ontologies of this type are substantiated, which include the following: the relationship between ontology and grammar; distinguishing parametric and evaluative terms in its structure and classification of evaluative terms into syntactic and semantic ones; the binary relationship between syntactic and semantic terms; the gradation scale of the intensity of evaluations. The cases of the homonymy and synonymy of evaluative terms are analyzed for the first time based on Russian data.

The efficiency of using the chi-square metrics to weigh terms used in text documents is evaluated. The procedure includes the selection and advanced processing of class C and ~C texts, compilation of a reference dictionary and calculation of scores for all the terms in the dictionary, calculation of ?2 coefficients for terms from a class C text, and calculation of the general efficiency factor by the sum of the coefficients found for the terms from the reference dictionary. The weighting by the ?2 formula, odds-ratio (OR) formula, and on the basis of probabilistic variables is analyzed and compared. It was found that the best result is yielded by the OR-based weighting.