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• An on-line enrichment method using γ-CD encapsulated sweeping-MEKC was presented. • Monosaccharides were derivatized with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone. • The method can on-line preconcentrate trace monosaccharides in Jujube. • The SEFs ranged from 53 to 82 compared with typical injection. An on-line enrichment and separation of multiple derivatized monosaccharides with cyclodextrin-encapsulated sweeping (CDES) by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) was presented. Five monosaccharides (L-(−)-Mannose, D-(+)-Glucose, D-(−)-Ribose, D-(+)-Xylose, and L-(+)-Rhamnose) were derivatized with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, subsequently concentrated and separated by MEKC. The optimized conditions were as follows: 50 mM phosphoric acid (PA), 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 30 % (v/v) methanol in background solution; 140 s injection of sample solution containing 50 mM CD and 100 mM PA, followed by 90 s injection of 40 mM SDS solution. Under the optimized conditions, the correlation coefficients ≥ 0.9953, and the limits of detection ranged from 4.2 to 7.4 ng/mL. Relative standard deviation values ranged from 0.24–4.23 %, and sensitivity enrichment factors were in the range of 53–82 compared with typical injection (50 mbar, 3 s). The CDES-MEKC method was successfully applied to Jujube with good recoveries of 84.22–104.33 %. The method provides new ideas for the on-line enrichment and detection of trace monosaccharides and even other target analytes in foods with complex matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]