1. Effects of Climate and Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Early to Mid-Term Stage Litter Decomposition Across Biomes
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TaeOh Kwon, Hideaki Shibata, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Inger K. Schmidt, Klaus S. Larsen, Claus Beier, Björn Berg, Kris Verheyen, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Frank Hagedorn, Nico Eisenhauer, Ika Djukic, TeaComposition Network, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Jean Francois Lamarque, Adriano Caliman, Alain Paquette, Alba Gutiérrez-Girón, Alessandro Petraglia, Algirdas Augustaitis, Amélie Saillard, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández, Ana I. Sousa, Ana I. Lillebø, Anderson da Rocha Gripp, Andrea Lamprecht, Andreas Bohner, André-Jean Francez, Andrey Malyshev, Andrijana Andrić, Angela Stanisci, Anita Zolles, Anna Avila, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Anne Probst, Annie Ouin, Anzar A. Khuroo, Arne Verstraeten, Artur Stefanski, Aurora Gaxiola, Bart Muys, Beatriz Gozalo, Bernd Ahrends, Bo Yang, Brigitta Erschbamer, Carmen Eugenia Rodríguez Ortíz, Casper T. Christiansen, Céline Meredieu, Cendrine Mony, Charles Nock, Chiao-Ping Wang, Christel Baum, Christian Rixen, Christine Delire, Christophe Piscart, Christopher Andrews, Corinna Rebmann, Cristina Branquinho, Dick Jan, Dirk Wundram, Dušanka Vujanović, E. Carol Adair, Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil, Edward R. Crawford, Elena F. Tropina, Elisabeth Hornung, Elli Groner, Eric Lucot, Esperança Gacia, Esther Lévesque, Evanilde Benedito, Evgeny A. Davydov, Fábio Padilha Bolzan, Fernando T. Maestre, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Florian Kitz, Florian Hofhansl, Flurin Sutter, Francisco de Almeida Lobo, Franco Leadro Souza, Franz Zehetner, Fulgence Kouamé Koffi, Georg Wohlfahrt, Giacomo Certini, Gisele Daiane Pinha, Grizelle González, Guylaine Canut, Harald Pauli, Héctor A. Bahamonde, Heike Feldhaar, Heinke Jäger, Helena Cristina Serrano, Hélène Verheyden, Helge Bruelheide, Henning Meesenburg, Hermann Jungkunst, Hervé Jactel, Hiroko Kurokawa, Ian Yesilonis, Inara Melece, Inge van Halder, Inmaculada García Quirós, István Fekete, Ivika Ostonen, Jana Borovská, Javier Roales, Jawad Hasan Shoqeir, Jean-Christophe Lata, Jean-Luc Probst, Jeyanny Vijayanathan, Jiri Dolezal, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Joël Merlet, John Loehr, Jonathan von Oppen, Jörg Löffler, José Luis Benito Alonso, José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano, Josep Peñuelas, Joseph C. Morina, Juan Darío Quinde, Juan J. Jiménez, Juha M. Alatalo, Julia Seeber, Julia Kemppinen, Jutta Stadler, Kaie Kriiska, Karel Van den Meersche, Karibu Fukuzawa, Katalin Szlavecz, Katalin Juhos, Katarína Gerhátová, Kate Lajtha, Katie Jennings, Katja Tielbörger, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Ken Green, Klaus Steinbauer, Laryssa Pazianoto, Laura Dienstbach, Laura Yahdjian, Laura J. Williams, Laurel Brigham, Lee Hanna, Liesbeth van den Brink, Lindsey Rustad, Lourdes Morillas, Luciana Silva Carneiro, Luciano Di Martino, Luis Villar, Luísa Alícida Fernandes Tavares, Madison Morley, Manuela Winkler, Marc Lebouvier, Marcello Tomaselli, Marcus Schaub, Maria Glushkova, Maria Guadalupe Almazan Torres, Marie-Anne de Graaff, Marie-Noëlle Pons, Marijn Bauters, Marina Mazón, Mark Frenzel, Markus Wagner, Markus Didion, Maroof Hamid, Marta Lopes, Martha Apple, Martin Weih, Matej Mojses, Matteo Gualmini, Matthew Vadeboncoeur, Michael Bierbaumer, Michael Danger, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Michal Růžek, Michel Isabellon, Michele Di Musciano, Michele Carbognani, Miglena Zhiyanski, Mihai Puşcaş, Milan Barna, Mioko Ataka, Miska Luoto, Mohammed H. Alsafaran, Nadia Barsoum, Naoko Tokuchi, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Nicolas Lecomte, Nina Filippova, Norbert Hölzel, Olga Ferlian, Oscar Romero, Osvaldo Pinto-Jr, Pablo Peri, Pavel Dan Turtureanu, Peter Haase, Peter Macreadie, Peter B. Reich, Petr Petřík, Philippe Choler, Pierre Marmonier, Quentin Ponette, Rafael Dettogni Guariento, Rafaella Canessa, Ralf Kiese, Rebecca Hewitt, Robert Weigel, Róbert Kanka, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Rodrigo Lemes Martins, Romà Ogaya, Romain Georges, Rosario G. Gavilán, Sally Wittlinger, Sara Puijalon, Satoshi Suzuki, Schädler Martin, Schmidt Anja, Sébastien Gogo, Silvio Schueler, Simon Drollinger, Simone Mereu, Sonja Wipf, Stacey Trevathan-Tackett, Stefan Stoll, Stefan Löfgren, Stefan Trogisch, Steffen Seitz, Stephan Glatzel, Susanna Venn, Sylvie Dousset, Taiki Mori, Takanori Sato, Takuo Hishi, Tatsuro Nakaji, Theurillat Jean-Paul, Thierry Camboulive, Thomas Spiegelberger, Thomas Scholten, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Till Kleinebecker, Tomáš Rusňák, Tshililo Ramaswiela, Tsutom Hiura, Tsutomu Enoki, Tudor-Mihai Ursu, Umberto Morra di Cella, Ute Hamer, Valentin Klaus, Valter Di Cecco, Vanessa Rego, Veronika Fontana, Veronika Piscová, Vincent Bretagnolle, Vincent Maire, Vinicius Farjalla, Vittoz Pascal, Wenjun Zhou, Wentao Luo, William Parker, Yasuhiro Utsumi, Yuji Kominami, Zsolt Kotroczó, Zsolt Tóth, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Forest and Water Management, Forest & Nature Lab, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Zone Atelier du Bassin de la Moselle [LTSER France] (ZAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Équipe 3 - Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains (E3S), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ZABR UMR 5023 VILLEURBANNE CEDEX, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Équipe 2 - Écologie Végétale et Zones Humides (EVZH), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), University of Helsinki (FINLAND), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Hokkaido University (JAPAN), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research - iDiv (GERMANY), Universität Leipzig (GERMANY), National Center for Atmospheric Research - NCAR (UNITED STATES), Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft - WSL (SWITZERLAND), Tea composition (SWITZERLAND), Universiteit Gent - UGENT (BELGIUM), University of Copenhagen - UCPH (DENMARK), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Leipzig University, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Muys, Bart, Department of Forest Sciences, Lammi Biological Station, Biological stations, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), BioGeoClimate Modelling Lab, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Kwon T., Shibata H., Kepfer-Rojas S., Schmidt I.K., Larsen K.S., Beier C., Berg B., Verheyen K., Lamarque J.-F., Hagedorn F., Eisenhauer N., Djukic I., Caliman A., Paquette A., Gutierrez-Giron A., Petraglia A., Augustaitis A., Saillard A., Ruiz-Fernandez A.C., Sousa A.I., Lillebo A.I., Da Rocha Gripp A., Lamprecht A., Bohner A., Francez A.-J., Malyshev A., Andric A., Stanisci A., Zolles A., Avila A., Virkkala A.-M., Probst A., Ouin A., Khuroo A.A., Verstraeten A., Stefanski A., Gaxiola A., Muys B., Gozalo B., Ahrends B., Yang B., Erschbamer B., Rodriguez Ortiz C.E., Christiansen C.T., Meredieu C., Mony C., Nock C., Wang C.-P., Baum C., Rixen C., Delire C., Piscart C., Andrews C., Rebmann C., Branquinho C., Jan D., Wundram D., Vujanovic D., Adair E.C., Ordonez-Regil E., Crawford E.R., Tropina E.F., Hornung E., Groner E., Lucot E., Gacia E., Levesque E., Benedito E., Davydov E.A., Bolzan F.P., Maestre F.T., Maunoury-Danger F., Kitz F., Hofhansl F., Hofhansl G., De Almeida Lobo F., Souza F.L., Zehetner F., Koffi F.K., Wohlfahrt G., Certini G., Pinha G.D., Gonzlez G., Canut G., Pauli H., Bahamonde H.A., Feldhaar H., Jger H., Serrano H.C., Verheyden H., Bruelheide H., Meesenburg H., Jungkunst H., Jactel H., Kurokawa H., Yesilonis I., Melece I., Van Halder I., Quiros I.G., Fekete I., Ostonen I., Borovsk J., Roales J., Shoqeir J.H., Jean-Christophe Lata J., Probst J.-L., Vijayanathan J., Dolezal J., Sanchez-Cabeza J.-A., Merlet J., Loehr J., Von Oppen J., Loffler J., Benito Alonso J.L., Cardoso-Mohedano J.-G., Penuelas J., Morina J.C., Quinde J.D., Jimnez J.J., Alatalo J.M., Seeber J., Kemppinen J., Stadler J., Kriiska K., Van Den Meersche K., Fukuzawa K., Szlavecz K., Juhos K., Gerhtov K., Lajtha K., Jennings K., Jennings J., Ecology P., Hoshizaki K., Green K., Steinbauer K., Pazianoto L., Dienstbach L., Yahdjian L., Williams L.J., Brigham L., Hanna L., Hanna H., Rustad L., Morillas L., Silva Carneiro L., Di Martino L., Villar L., Fernandes Tavares L.A., Morley M., Winkler M., Lebouvier M., Tomaselli M., Schaub M., Glushkova M., Torres M.G.A., De Graaff M.-A., Pons M.-N., Bauters M., Mazn M., Frenzel M., Wagner M., Didion M., Hamid M., Lopes M., Apple M., Weih M., Mojses M., Gualmini M., Vadeboncoeur M., Bierbaumer M., Danger M., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Ruek M., Isabellon M., Di Musciano M., Carbognani M., Zhiyanski M., Puca M., Barna M., Ataka M., Luoto M., H. Alsafaran M., Barsoum N., Tokuchi N., Korboulewsky N., Lecomte N., Filippova N., Hlzel N., Ferlian O., Romero O., Pinto-Jr O., Peri P., Dan Turtureanu P., Haase P., Macreadie P., Reich P.B., Petk P., Choler P., Marmonier P., Ponette Q., Dettogni Guariento R., Canessa R., Kiese R., Hewitt R., Weigel R., Kanka R., Cazzolla Gatti R., Martins R.L., Ogaya R., Georges R., Gaviln R.G., Wittlinger S., Puijalon S., Suzuki S., Martin S., Anja S., Gogo S., Schueler S., Drollinger S., Mereu S., Wipf S., Trevathan-Tackett S., Stoll S., Lfgren S., Trogisch S., Seitz S., Glatzel S., Venn S., Dousset S., Mori T., Sato T., Hishi T., Nakaji T., Jean-Paul T., Camboulive T., Spiegelberger T., Scholten T., Mozdzer T.J., Kleinebecker T., Runk T., Ramaswiela T., Hiura T., Enoki T., Ursu T.-M., Di Cella U.M., Hamer U., Klaus V., Di Cecco V., Rego V., Fontana V., Piscov V., Bretagnolle V., Maire V., Farjalla V., Pascal V., Zhou W., Luo W., Parker W., Parker P., Kominam Y., Kotrocz Z., and Utsumi Y.
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,tea bag, Green tea, Rooibos tea, litter decomposition, carbon turnover, nitrogen deposition, TeaComposition initiative ,Biome ,SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES ,tea bag ,Green tea ,Rooibos tea ,litter decomposition ,carbon turnover ,nitrogen deposition ,TeaComposition initiative ,Carbon turnover ,Nitrogen deposition -TeaComposition initiative ,Suelo ,Flora Microbiana ,01 natural sciences ,[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry ,GE1-350 ,Ecosistemas Terrestres ,Global and Planetary Change ,Nutrient Cycling ,Té Verde ,Nitrogen deposition - TeaComposition initiative ,[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering ,Forestry ,Biomas ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Terrestrial ecosystem ,[SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology ,Biologie ,Nitrogen ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study ,Animal science ,LEAF ,ORGANIC-CARBON ,Carbono ,RATES ,[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology ,[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment ,climate ,Escala Global ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Nutrientes ,forests ,Ecologie, Environnement ,Science & Technology ,15. Life on land ,worldwide experiment ,[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society ,Carbon ,Biology and Microbiology ,Agriculture and Soil Science ,Precipitación Atmosférica ,Cambio Climático ,Litter ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Tea Composition initiative ,N-deposition ,Deposition (chemistry) ,Global Scale ,RESPONSES ,Terrestrial Ecosystems ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Precipitation ,Biomes ,Degradation ,Soil ,Té Rooibos ,FOLIAR LITTER ,TEMPERATURE ,[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,Ecology ,Nitrógeno ,Temperature ,Litter decomposition ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Temperatura ,Ciclo de Nutrientes ,1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Nutrient cycle ,Climate Change ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,Degradación ,Liter Descomposition ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,Temperate climate ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Microbial Flora ,AVAILABILITY ,Chemical process of decomposition ,Bolsa de Té ,Nutrients ,Descomposición de Hojas ,SD1-669.5 ,Decomposition ,N DEPOSITION ,Environmental sciences ,Tea bag ,13. Climate action ,Earth and Environmental Sciences ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,PATTERNS ,Environmental science ,cavelab ,Nitrogen deposition ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
Este artículo contiene 18 páginas, 5 tablas, 4 figuras., Litter decomposition is a key process for carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and is mainly controlled by environmental conditions, substrate quantity and quality as well as microbial community abundance and composition. In particular, the effects of climate and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on litter decomposition and its temporal dynamics are of significant importance, since their effects might change over the course of the decomposition process. Within the TeaComposition initiative, we incubated Green and Rooibos teas at 524 sites across nine biomes. We assessed how macroclimate and atmospheric inorganic N deposition under current and predicted scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 8.5) might affect litter mass loss measured after 3 and 12 months. Our study shows that the early to mid-term mass loss at the global scale was affected predominantly by litter quality (explaining 73% and 62% of the total variance after 3 and 12 months, respectively) followed by climate and N deposition. The effects of climate were not litter-specific and became increasingly significant as decomposition progressed, with MAP explaining 2% and MAT 4% of the variation after 12 months of incubation. The effect of N deposition was litter-specific, and significant only for 12-month decomposition of Rooibos tea at the global scale. However, in the temperate biome where atmospheric N deposition rates are relatively high, the 12- month mass loss of Green and Rooibos teas decreased significantly with increasing N deposition, explaining 9.5% and 1.1% of the variance, respectively. The expected changes in macroclimate and N deposition at the global scale by the end of this century are estimated to increase the 12-month mass loss of easily decomposable litter by 1.1– 3.5% and of the more stable substrates by 3.8–10.6%, relative to current mass loss.In contrast, expected changes in atmospheric N deposition will decrease the mid-term mass loss of high-quality litter by 1.4–2.2% and that of low-quality litter by 0.9–1.5% in the temperate biome. Our results suggest that projected increases in N deposition may have the capacity to dampen the climate-driven increases in litter decomposition depending on the biome and decomposition stage of substrate., This work was performed within the TeaComposition initiative, carried out by 190 institutions worldwide. We thank for funding support for the workshop and data analysis from the ILTER. We acknowledge support by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118), Scientific Grant Agency VEGA (Grant No. 2/0101/18), as well as by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant Agreement No. 677232). Thanks are due to FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDB/50017/2020 + UIDP/50017/2020) and to the project PORBIOTA (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022127). AI Sousa was funded by national funds through the FCTFoundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project CEECIND/00962/2017. HS and CB acknowledge FCT support to cE3c through UID/BIA/00329/2013, UID/BIA/00329/2019, and UIDB/00329/2020, and the project PORBIOTA - POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-022127. We are also thankful to UNILEVER for sponsoring the Lipton tea.
- Published
- 2021