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1. The GenTree Leaf Collection: Inter‐ and intraspecific leaf variation in seven forest tree species in Europe

Author

Jérémy Marchon, Alan Gray, Sebastian Richter, Christophe Plomion, René Graf, Francesca Bagnoli, Elisabet Martínez-Sancho, Volker Schneck, Frédéric Bernier, Vladimir L. Semerikov, Henry Bignalet, José Alberto Ramírez-Valiente, Ioannis Ganopoulos, Felix Gugerli, Agathe Hurel, Geir Ostreng, Sandro Morganti, Santiago C. González-Martínez, David López-Quiroga, Luc Puzos, William Brunetto, Raquel Benavides, Damien Bouic, Olivier Ambrosio, Filippos A. Aravanopoulos, Mirko Liesebach, Cristina C. Bastias, Veronique Jorge, Outi Savolainen, Stephen Cavers, Célia Michotey, Bernard Dokhelar, Mehdi Pringarbe, Enja Hollenbach, Camilla Avanzi, Silvio Schueler, José M. García del Barrio, Annie Raffin, Bruno Fady, Anna-Maria Farsakoglou, Olivier Gilg, Pascal Milesi, Sonja T. Kujala, Nicolas Mariotte, Florian Knutzen, Nicolas Cheval, F. J. Auñón, Céline Lalanne, Marc Villar, Catherine Bastien, Katri Kärkkäinen, Nicolas Poinot, Fernando Del Caño, Jan-Philipp Kappner, Florence Jean, Birte Pakull, Tanja Pyhäjärvi, Jørn Henrik Sønstebø, Rémi Dourthe, Ermioni Malliarou, Ivan Scotti, Timo Kumpula, Mariaceleste Labriola, Silvia Matesanz, Bernard Issehuth, Martin Lascoux, Jean Thevenet, Christian Rellstab, Marianne Correard, Ricardo Alía, Johannes Lambertz, Anne Eskild Nilsen, Eva Cremer, Christoph Hartleitner, Darius Danusevičius, Lars Opgenoorth, Fernando Valladares, Arnaud Jouineau, Ana M. Cabanillas‐Saldaña, José Climent, Audrey Albet, Jurata Buchovska, Benjamin Dauphin, Sergio San Segundo, Ilaria Spanu, Antonio Mas, Johan Westin, Eduardo Notivol, Juan J. Robledo-Arnuncio, Andrea Piotti, Evangelos Barbas, Robert Kesälahti, Andreas Fera, Mari Mette Tollefsrud, Helge Meischner, Grégoire Le Provost, Eduardo Ballesteros, Tor Myking, Bárbara Carvalho, Jean-Luc Denou, Katrin Heer, Giovanni G. Vendramin, Evangelia V. Avramidou, Norbert Turion, Patrick Fonti, Delphine Grivet, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Unité expérimentale Forêt Pierroton (UEFP), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse [Palermo] (IBBR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des Arbres et de la Forêt (BioForA), Office national des forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Gobierno de Aragon, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Unité Expérimentale Entomologie et Forêt Méditerranéenne (UEFM), Bavarian Office for Forest Seeding and Planting, Partenaires INRAE, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIECO GmbH & Co KG, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), University of Oulu, Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University, Thunen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Thünen Institute, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS), Skogforsk - Swedish Forestry Research Institute, Horizon 2020. Grant Numbers: 676876, 4540-143AP, 6, 0032 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES (Brazil), European Project: 676876,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,GenTree(2016), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Comunidad de Madrid, State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Switzerland), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Office National des Forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centro de Investigacion Y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon, Philipps Universität Marburg, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), and Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Specific leaf area, Population, Phenotypic variation, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Leaf functional traits, tree species, Fagus sylvatica, leaf functional traits, Leaf economics spectrum, Leaf size, education, intraspecific variability, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, leaf economics spectrum, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Intraspecific variability, Botany, phenotypic variation, Botanik, Interspecific competition, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Forest genetic resources, Quercus petraea, Sample collection, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, European forests, Tree species
Abstract

[Motivation] Trait variation within species can reveal plastic and/or genetic responses to environmental gradients, and may indicate where local adaptation has occurred. Here, we present a dataset of rangewide variation in leaf traits from seven of the most ecologically and economically important tree species in Europe. Sample collection and trait assessment are embedded in the GenTree project (EU-Horizon 2020), which aims at characterizing the genetic and phenotypic variability of forest tree species to optimize the management and sustainable use of forest genetic resources. Our dataset captures substantial intra- and interspecific leaf phenotypic variability, and provides valuable information for studying the relationship between ecosystem functioning and trait variability of individuals, and the response and resilience of species to environmental changes., [Main types of variable contained] We chose morphological and chemical characters linked to trade-offs between acquisition and conservation of resources and water use, namely specific leaf area, leaf size, carbon and nitrogen content and their ratio, and the isotopic signature of stable isotope 13C and 15N in leaves., [Spatial location and grain] We surveyed between 18 and 22 populations per species, 141 in total, across Europe., [Time period] Leaf sampling took place between 2016 and 2017., [Major taxa and level of measurement] We sampled at least 25 individuals in each population, 3,569 trees in total, and measured traits in 35,755 leaves from seven European tree species, i.e. the conifers Picea abies, Pinus pinaster and Pinus sylvestris, and the broadleaves Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Populus nigra and Quercus petraea., [Software format] The data files are in ASCII text, tab delimited, not compressed., All authors acknowledge support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 676876 (Project GenTree). Laboratory work was also supported by other projects: COMEDIAS (CGL2017- 83170-R, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities), REMEDINAL IV (TE-CM S2018/EMT-4338, Project of the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain), SPONFOREST (BIODIVERSA-3, PCIN-2016-055), and International Laboratory of Global Change (LINCGlobal 4540-143AP). The Swiss contribution was supported by the Swiss Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract no. 6.0032. BC was funded by a Scholarship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES (Brazil).

Published
2021
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2. Author Correction: The GenTree Dendroecological Collection, tree-ring and wood density data from seven tree species across Europe

Author

Guillaume Bodineau, Johan Westin, Juan J. Robledo-Arnuncio, Katrin Heer, Cristina C. Bastias, Georg von Arx, Francesca Bagnoli, Fernando Valladares, Bruno Fady, Frédéric Bernier, Christophe Plomion, Kurt Ramskogler, Mehdi Pringarbe, Grégoire Le-Provost, Felix Gugerli, José M. García del Barrio, Vladimir L. Semerikov, Filippos A. Aravanopoulos, Sandro Morganti, Florian Knutzen, Florence Courdier, Tanja Pyhäjärvi, Tor Myking, Bárbara Carvalho, Marc Villar, Catherine Bastien, Katri Kärkkäinen, Olivier Gilg, Pascal Milesi, Christian Rellstab, Mariaceleste Labriola, Lenka Slámová, Mirko Liesebach, Claudio Grefen, Sonja T. Kujala, Outi Savolainen, Stephen Cavers, Dominique Veisse, Birte Pakull, Norbert Turion, Christoph Hartleitner, José Alberto Ramírez-Valiente, Silvio Schueler, Marlène Lefebvre, Ermioni Malliarou, Annie Raffin, Silvia Matesanz, Marianne Correard, Giovanni G. Vendramin, Camilla Avanzi, Eduardo Notivol, Anna-Maria Farsakoglou, Agathe Hurel, Ricardo Alía, Arnaud Jouineau, Alan Gray, Ilaria Spanu, Raquel Benavides, Jean Thevenet, Elisabet Martínez-Sancho, Darius Danusevičius, Lars Opgenoorth, Célia Michotey, Benjamin Dauphin, Santiago C. González-Martínez, Patrick Fonti, Jean-Paul Charpentier, Vincent Lejeune, José Climent, Martin Lascoux, Nicolas Mariotte, Andrea Piotti, Evangelos Barbas, Mari Mette Tollefsrud, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Philipps Universität Marburg, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Bavarian Office for Forest Seeding and Planting, Partenaires INRAE, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse [Palermo] (IBBR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des Arbres et de la Forêt (BioForA), Office National des Forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité expérimentale Forêt Pierroton (UEFP), Génétique et Biomasse Forestières ORléans (GBFOR), Unité Expérimentale Entomologie et Forêt Méditerranéenne (UEFM), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIECO GmbH & Co KG, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University, Thunen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Thünen Institute, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA), University of Oulu, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS), and Skogforsk - Swedish Forestry Research Institute

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Statistics and Probability, Data Descriptor, Climate Change, Forests, Library and Information Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Education, Quercus, Dendrochronology, Fagus, Picea, lcsh:Science, Author Correction, Betula, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Pinus, Wood, Computer Science Applications, Europe, Geography, Populus, lcsh:Q, Forest ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Tree species, 010606 plant biology & botany, Information Systems
Abstract

The dataset presented here was collected by the GenTree project (EU-Horizon 2020), which aims to improve the use of forest genetic resources across Europe by better understanding how trees adapt to their local environment. This dataset of individual tree-core characteristics including ring-width series and whole-core wood density was collected for seven ecologically and economically important European tree species: silver birch (Betula pendula), European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), European black poplar (Populus nigra), maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and sessile oak (Quercus petraea). Tree-ring width measurements were obtained from 3600 trees in 142 populations and whole-core wood density was measured for 3098 trees in 125 populations. This dataset covers most of the geographical and climatic range occupied by the selected species. The potential use of it will be highly valuable for assessing ecological and evolutionary responses to environmental conditions as well as for model development and parameterization, to predict adaptability under climate change scenarios., Measurement(s)growth ring • wood densityTechnology Type(s)measuring table • calculationFactor Type(s)tree speciesSample Characteristic - OrganismBetula pendula • Fagus sylvatica • Picea abies • Populus nigra • Pinus pinaster • Pinus sylvestris • Quercus petraeaSample Characteristic - LocationEurope Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11294993

Published
2020
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3. The GenTree Dendroecological Collection, tree-ring and wood density data from seven tree species across Europe

Author

Marlène Lefebvre, Ermioni Malliarou, Silvia Matesanz, Benjamin Dauphin, Marc Villar, Giovanni G. Vendramin, Jean Thevenet, Guillaume Bodineau, Johan Westin, José Alberto Ramírez-Valiente, Katrin Heer, Juan J. Robledo-Arnuncio, Elisabet Martínez-Sancho, Mirko Liesebach, Olivier Gilg, Pascal Milesi, Dominique Veisse, Frédéric Bernier, Eduardo Notivol, Sonja T. Kujala, Cristina C. Bastias, Vincent Lejeune, Bruno Fady, Célia Michotey, Felix Gugerli, Annie Raffin, Claudio Grefen, José M. García del Barrio, Marianne Correard, Florian Knutzen, Norbert Turion, Tanja Pyhäjärvi, Tor Myking, Mariaceleste Labriola, Silvio Schueler, Camilla Avanzi, Bárbara Carvalho, Lenka Slámová, Christophe Plomion, Anna-Maria Farsakoglou, Fernando Valladares, Andrea Piotti, Evangelos Barbas, José Climent, Florence Courdier, Ilaria Spanu, Patrick Fonti, Jean-Paul Charpentier, Birte Pakull, Nicolas Mariotte, Ricardo Alía, Vladimir L. Semerikov, Sandro Morganti, Outi Savolainen, Stephen Cavers, Georg von Arx, Francesca Bagnoli, Arnaud Jouineau, Mari Mette Tollefsrud, Kurt Ramskogler, Catherine Bastien, Filippos A. Aravanopoulos, Katri Kärkkäinen, Grégoire Le-Provost, Christian Rellstab, Darius Danusevičius, Lars Opgenoorth, Martin Lascoux, Santiago C. González-Martínez, Christoph Hartleitner, Agathe Hurel, Raquel Benavides, Mehdi Pringarbe, Alan Gray, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Philipps University, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Bavarian Office for Forest Seeding and Planting, Partenaires INRAE, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Institute of the Science of Food Production. CNR., Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des arbres et de la forêt (BioForA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Office National des Forêts (ONF), Unité expérimentale Forêt Pierroton (UEFP), Génétique et Biomasse Forestières Orléans (GBFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Vytautas Magnus Univ, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIECO GmbH & Co KG, University of Oulu, Uppsala University, Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon (CITA), Unité Expérimentale Entomologie et Forêt Méditerranéenne (UEFM), Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS), and Skogforsk - Swedish Forestry Research Institute

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Skogsvetenskap, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Library and Information Sciences, tree-ring and wood density, 01 natural sciences, Black poplar, Ecology and Environment, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, Fagus sylvatica, Recursos genéticos forestales, lcsh:Science, Beech, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, biology, Forest Science, Scots pine, Botany, VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Landbruksfag: 910::Skogbruk: 915, Forestry, Picea abies, Botanik, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Bases de datos, Computer Science Applications, Geography, Betula pendula, Pinus pinaster, lcsh:Q, Quercus petraea, Forest ecology, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Europa, Information Systems
Abstract

The dataset presented here was collected by the GenTree project (EU-Horizon 2020), which aims to improve the use of forest genetic resources across Europe by better understanding how trees adapt to their local environment. This dataset of individual tree-core characteristics including ring-width series and whole-core wood density was collected for seven ecologically and economically important European tree species: silver birch (Betula pendula), European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), European black poplar (Populus nigra), maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and sessile oak (Quercus petraea). Tree-ring width measurements were obtained from 3600 trees in 142 populations and whole-core wood density was measured for 3098 trees in 125 populations. This dataset covers most of the geographical and climatic range occupied by the selected species. The potential use of it will be highly valuable for assessing ecological and evolutionary responses to environmental conditions as well as for model development and parameterization, to predict adaptability under climate change scenarios. Measurement(s) growth ring • wood density Technology Type(s) measuring table • calculation Factor Type(s) tree species Sample Characteristic - Organism Betula pendula • Fagus sylvatica • Picea abies • Populus nigra • Pinus pinaster • Pinus sylvestris • Quercus petraea Sample Characteristic - Location Europe Published

Published
2020
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4. Adaptive and plastic responses of Quercus petraea populations to climate across Europe

Author

Mirko Liesebach, Wilfried Steiner, Said Dağdaş, Władysław Chałupka, Steve Lee, Jon Kehlet Hansen, Volker Schneck, Jean-Baptiste Lamy, Brigitte Musch, Sylvain Delzon, Hans-Martin Rau, Achilleas Psomas, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Stephen Cavers, François Ehrenmann, Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero, Antoine Kremer, Alexis Ducousso, Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMICH), Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques, Unité de recherche (RBE-SG2M), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), USC 1386 Conservatoire Génétique des Arbres Forestiers, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Office National des Forêts (ONF), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Institute of Dendrology in Kornik, Polish Academy of Sciences, Forest Tending Division of Silviculture Department, General Directorate of Forestry – Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Forestry Research, Northern Research Station, Thünen-Institut für Forstgenetik, Abteilung Waldgenressourcen, Swiss Federal Research Institute, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (IFREMER SG2M), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, Climate Change, Denmark, mixed model, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Quercus petraea, tree growth, Growing season, Climate change, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, survival, Ecology and Environment, Article, Quercus, climatic change, climatic transfer distance, mixed model, Quercus petraea, survival, tree growth, climatic transfer distance, Environmental Chemistry, education, global change, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Local adaptation, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, changement climatique, climatic change, Ecology, biology, Norway, Temperate forest, Global change, sessile oak, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Geography, Biology and Microbiology, 13. Climate action, quercus petraea, temperate forest, Climate model, France, europe, forêt tempérée
Abstract

How temperate forests will respond to climate change is uncertain; projections range from severe decline to increased growth. We conducted field tests of sessile oak (Quercus petraea), a widespread keystone European forest tree species, including more than 150,000 trees sourced from 116 geographically diverse populations. The tests were planted on 23 field sites in six European countries, in order to expose them to a wide range of climates, including sites reflecting future warmer and drier climates. By assessing tree height and survival, our objectives were twofold: (1) to identify the source of differential population responses to climate (genetic differentiation due to past divergent climatic selection versus plastic responses to ongoing climate change), (2) to explore which climatic variables (temperature or precipitation) trigger the population responses. Tree growth and survival were modeled for contemporary climate and then projected using data from four regional climate models for years 2071-2100, using two greenhouse gas concentration trajectory scenarios each. Overall results indicated a moderate response of tree height and survival to climate variation, with changes in dryness (either annual or during the growing season) explaining the major part of the response. Whilst, on average, populations exhibited local adaptation, there was significant clinal population differentiation for height growth with winter temperature at the site of origin. The most moderate climate model (HIRHAM5-EC; rcp4.5) predicted minor decreases in height and survival, whilst the most extreme model (CCLM4-GEM2-ES; rcp8.5) predicted large decreases in survival and growth for southern and southeastern edge populations (Hungary and Turkey). Other non-marginal populations with continental climates were predicted to be severely and negatively affected (Bercé, France), while populations at the contemporary northern limit (colder and humid maritime regions; Denmark and Norway) will probably not show large changes in growth and survival in response to climate change.

Published
2017
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5. Impact of climate and drought events on the growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) provenances

Author

Annette Menzel, Steffen Taeger, Mirko Liesebach, Volker Schneck, and Christian Zang

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Provenance, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Resistance (ecology), Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Scots pine, Climate change, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Basal area, 13. Climate action, Dendrochronology, Climate sensitivity, Psychological resilience, 010606 plant biology & botany, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common
Abstract

We explored the growth response of Scots pine to temperature, precipitation, and drought focusing on eleven provenances from the IUFRO 1982 international provenance trial. At two macroclimatically different sites in Germany we measured chronologies of tree-ring widths and annual height increment. We estimated general climate/growth relationships and examined the growth response, based on tolerance indices of resistance, recovery, resilience and relative resilience, to the most severe drought event per site. Using multivariate benchmarking of provenance archetypes, we established a ranking of the individual provenances in terms of general performance. In addition to considerable differences in overall growth between provenances, growth metrics differed between sites which were mostly attributable to climate. Basal area increment depended mainly on water availability from May to July, whereas annual height growth was influenced by moisture deficit during May of the current year. The reaction to drought events was shown to depend on the timing and duration of the drought event. Differences between provenances in resistance were modest, but more pronounced for recovery and especially for resilience and relative resilience. The results indicate a better adaptation to drought of the provenance from Bosnia Herzegovina and of local German provenances compared to other provenances. We summarized the findings by aligning the eleven provenances between two multivariately defined archetypes, one of which represented best general performance defined by good overall growth, low climate sensitivity and high resilience to drought. This approach confirmed the superior performance of the local German populations. Provenances from France and Poland were ranked above average whereas northern provenances and that from Bosnia Herzegovina were found to be least suitable at the sites under investigation. Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of considering provenance in the discussion about future adaptedness and adaptability of tree species under climate change scenarios.

Published
2013
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6. Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Author

Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter, Tuija Aronen, Mirko Liesebach, Volker Schneck, and Ute-Katrin Krakau

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Progeny testing, Genetic diversity, Wood production, business.industry, Scots pine, Reforestation, Distribution (economics), Forestry, 15. Life on land, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, %22">Pinus , Genetic gain, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is an economically very important and scientifically well investigated tree species of the northern hemisphere occupying large areas with different climate condition in Eurasia. It has been in the focus of tree improvement since many decades. Breeding programmes were initiated with selection of plus trees, establishment of seed orchards and progeny testing in nearly all countries where this species is of economic importance. Today these programmes are developed very differently. There are countries with advanced programmes for improvement of Scots pine and others were such programmes were stopped in the last years. In this chapter the situation of breeding of Scots pine is described for different European countries. Short overviews are given about the distribution of Scots pine, its genetic diversity, the wood production and the state of forest reproductive material of this species in Europe.

Published
2013
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7. Larches (Larix sp.)

Author

Mirko Liesebach, Elena Foffová, Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter, Berthold Heinze, Gwenaël Philippe, and Luc E. Pâques

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Genetic diversity, biology, Ecology, European Larch, Introduced species, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Larix kaempferi, Genetic variability, Larch, Seed orchard, 010606 plant biology & botany, Hybrid
Abstract

European larch (Larix decidua) is a native species from the Alps and from several mountainous ranges in Central Europe. Its early introduction outside its native range, especially in lowlands western and northern Europe has been problematic for ecological (phenology) and sanitary (canker) reasons due to the lack of knowledge of its genetic variability. As a substitute, Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and then hybrids between European and Japanese larches have been preferred in these regions together with Siberian larches in northern Scandinavia. Results from intensive provenances testing (as early as in the 1940s) have been the corner stone on which breeding programmes have developed both at the intra- (mostly in Central and Eastern Europe) and inter-specific (mostly in North-Western Europe) levels. Inter-specific hybridization is probably the most emblematic and promising breeding strategy for larch, taking benefit of both species trait complementarity, hybrid vigour (heterosis) and hybrid homeostasis. While seed orchards are now the main source for dissemination of genetic progress for European larch, mass-production of hybrid larch remains problematic either through sexual (hybridization seed orchard) or asexual (vegetative propagation by cutting) ways and still impedes large deployment of hybrids in Europe. While progress is expected from current research on this topic (coupling of somatic embryogenesis with bulk vegetative propagation by cutting, 2nd generation hybridization orchard), other hot issues include decoding of heterosis, evaluation of genetic variability for the most original larch wood properties (heartwood formation and durability), adaptation to climate, etc. Joined efforts at European level are expected for genetic resource conservation, breeding and deployment, and tackling of several scientific and technical bottlenecks.

Published
2013
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