1. Insights into Mechanisms of Electrochemical Drug Degradation in Their Mixtures in the Split-Flow Reactor
- Author
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Aleksandra Bielicka-Giełdoń, Stalin Andres Ochoa-Chavez, Patrycja Wilczewska, Aleksandra Pieczyńska, and Ewa Maria Siedlecka
- Subjects
Chemical Phenomena ,intermediates ,Kinetics ,Batch reactor ,Pharmaceutical Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010501 environmental sciences ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Mineralization (biology) ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,cytostatic drug ,Chlorine ,5-fluorouracil ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,electrochemical oxidation ,Effluent ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Chemistry ,ifosfamide ,Organic Chemistry ,BDD anode ,Electrochemical Techniques ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Cytostatic Agents ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Molecular Medicine ,Degradation (geology) ,cyclophosphamide ,0210 nano-technology ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
The recirculating split-flow batch reactor with a cell divided into anolyte and catholyte compartments for oxidation mixture of cytostatic drugs (CD) was tested. In this study, kinetics and mechanisms of electrochemical oxidization of two mixtures: 5-FU/CP and IF/CP were investigated. The order of the CD degradation rate in single drug solutions and in mixtures was found to be 5-FU <, CP <, IF. In the 5-FU/CP mixture, kapp of 5-FU increased, while kapp of CP decreased comparing to the single drug solutions. No effect on the degradation rate was found in the CP/IF mixture. The presence of a second drug in the 5-FU/CP mixture significantly altered mineralization and nitrogen removal efficiency, while these processes were inhibited in IF/CP. The experiments in the different electrolytes showed that &bull, OH and sulphate active species can participate in the drug&rsquo, s degradation. The kapp of the drugs was accelerated by the presence of Cl&minus, ions in the solution. Chlorine active species played the main role in the production of gaseous nitrogen products and increased the mineralisation. Good results were obtained for the degradation and mineralisation processes in mixtures of drugs in municipal wastewater-treated effluent, which is beneficial from the technological and practical point of view.
- Published
- 2019
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