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• Fifty-three LysM gene family members were found in banana (Musa L.) genomes, and there were more members in Musa acuminata than in both Musa balbisiana and Musa itinerans. • Banana LysMs were expressed under low-temperature stresses, high-temperature stresses and root infestation by pathogens. • LysMs were highly conserved in the evolution of bananas, but they also show some differences among the genomes of three banana species. LysM (Lysin motif), in response to pathogenic molecular stresses, is a crucial signal recognition gene. To understand the molecular characteristics of banana LysM gene family members, we used a series of bioinformatics methods. Based on the genomic databases of Musa acuminata , Musa balbisiana and Musa itinerans , a total of 53 genes and 55 proteins were identified, with 21 genes and 23 proteins in the M.acuminata , 16 genes and 16 proteins in each of M.balbisiana and M.itinerans , respectively. According to the conserved structural domains, LysM can be divided into five classes, namely LysM&MltD , LYK , LYP , LysMn , and LysMe. The LysM gene was relatively highly conserved in the evolution of the three genomes of banana, and some differences occurred. Expression analysis revealed that MaLysM4-5 was relatively highly expressed under high-temperature stress, low-temperature stress and pathogen infection; at the same time, about one-third of the members were down-regulated under low-temperature stress and high-temperature stress, while the expression of MaLysM10-1 and MaLysM4-5 were up-regulated. After the banana wilt fungus Foc TR4 infected the banana roots, MaLysM1 was down-regulated and MaLysM11-1 was up-regulated. In conclusion, our study suggests that MaLysMs may be necessary in the response to high- and low-temperature stresses, as well as the banana wilt fungus infestation. Overall, this paper found that LysM genes may be involved in biotic and abiotic stresses in banana, and provided helpful information about LysM 's evolution, expression and properties, which will provide theoretical references for further studies on the functions of LysM genes and resistance breeding in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Fifty-three LysM gene family members were found in banana (Musa L.) genomes, and there were more members in Musa acuminata than in both Musa balbisiana and Musa itinerans. • Banana LysMs were expressed under low-temperature stresses, high-temperature stresses and root infestation by pathogens. • LysMs were highly conserved in the evolution of bananas, but they also show some differences among the genomes of three banana species. LysM (Lysin motif), in response to pathogenic molecular stresses, is a crucial signal recognition gene. To understand the molecular characteristics of banana LysM gene family members, we used a series of bioinformatics methods. Based on the genomic databases of Musa acuminata , Musa balbisiana and Musa itinerans , a total of 53 genes and 55 proteins were identified, with 21 genes and 23 proteins in the M.acuminata , 16 genes and 16 proteins in each of M.balbisiana and M.itinerans , respectively. According to the conserved structural domains, LysM can be divided into five classes, namely LysM&MltD , LYK , LYP , LysMn , and LysMe. The LysM gene was relatively highly conserved in the evolution of the three genomes of banana, and some differences occurred. Expression analysis revealed that MaLysM4-5 was relatively highly expressed under high-temperature stress, low-temperature stress and pathogen infection; at the same time, about one-third of the members were down-regulated under low-temperature stress and high-temperature stress, while the expression of MaLysM10-1 and MaLysM4-5 were up-regulated. After the banana wilt fungus Foc TR4 infected the banana roots, MaLysM1 was down-regulated and MaLysM11-1 was up-regulated. In conclusion, our study suggests that MaLysMs may be necessary in the response to high- and low-temperature stresses, as well as the banana wilt fungus infestation. Overall, this paper found that LysM genes may be involved in biotic and abiotic stresses in banana, and provided helpful information about LysM 's evolution, expression and properties, which will provide theoretical references for further studies on the functions of LysM genes and resistance breeding in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]