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Objective: To identify the trends of red cell alloimmunization in multi-transfused females using red blood cell panels. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College and Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion with the collaboration of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Aug 2018. Methodology: Blood samples of 75 females with prior history of blood transfusion were collected from Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, selected by a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. After pilot diagnostic tests for ABO and Rh D blood grouping, samples were screened by three cell panels to identify the presence of RBCs alloimmunization. Positive results were further recognized by 11 cell panels. Results: Seventy-five women with a history of at least one blood transfusion were selected for the screening of red cell alloimmunization. The frequency of alloantibodies in transfused women was 1(1.3%). The only alloantibody identified was anti-e, which was a rare alloantibody. Conclusion: Study confirmed that Rh alloantibodies are the most prevalent antibodies, regardless of age, ABO blood grouping, Rh grouping and ethnicity. Our study also confirmed that multiple transfusions are associated with the development of red cell alloimmunization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To find out the association of type 2 diabetes mellitus with ABO and Rh blood groups. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Jul to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total 179 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy individuals were inducted into the study. Five (5ml) blood from the patients was taken via aseptic venipuncture in a tube containing EDTA. HbA1C was generated through automated analyzer Cobas c501 and blood grouping was carried out using tube method by an experienced technician. Results: A total of 179 (77.8%) individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 and 50 (21.7%) healthy cases were inducted into the study as a control group. A statistically significant difference was observed with blood group B being the most prevalent among them (p=0.001). There was a greater frequency of Rh-negative blood group in patients having diabetes mellitus type 2 as compared to the control group. Conclusion: There is a strong association found between ABO and Rh blood group with diabetes mellitus type 2. Blood group B negative was the most common among the patients having diabetes mellitus type 2. Blood group O positive showed the least association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]