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Purpose: In order to give full play to the function of noise reduction of asphalt pavement, it is necessary to understand its internal sound absorption mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish a micro model of the pore structure of asphalt mixture with the help of finite element method (FEM), discuss the noise reduction mechanism of asphalt pavement from the micro perspective and analyze and evaluate the noise attenuation law of the pore structure. Design/methodology/approach: The FEM was used to establish the microscopic model of the pore structure of asphalt mixture. Based on the principle of acoustics, the noise reduction characteristics of asphalt pavement were simulated. The influence of gradation and pore characteristics on the noise reduction performance of asphalt pavement was analyzed. Findings: The results show that the open graded friction course-13 (OGFC-13) has excellent performance in noise reduction. The resonant sound absorption structure composed of its large porosity can effectively reduce the pavement noise. For asphalt concrete-13 (AC-13) and stone matrix asphalt-13 (SMA-13), the less resonant sound absorption structure makes them have poor sound absorption effect. In addition, the variation rules of noise transmission loss (TL) curve and sound absorption coefficient curve of three graded asphalt mixtures were obtained. At the same time, the peak noise reduction values of OGFC-13, AC-13 and SMA-13 were obtained, which were 650Hz, 1000Hz and 800Hz, respectively. Originality/value: The results show that the simulation results can well reflect and express the experimental results. This will provide a reference for further exploring the sound absorption mechanism and its variation rule of porous asphalt pavement. It also has some positive significance for the application of low noise asphalt pavement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The two-dimensional acoustic-structural coupling model is established. • The noise reduction characteristics of asphalt mixtures with different air void content were simulated. • The influence factors of noise reduction characteristics of asphalt mixtures were analyzed using meso -structure. • The evaluation indexes of mesoscopic simulation were compatible with the effective evaluation of laboratory tests. In order to study the noise reduction behavior of asphalt pavements with different void contents, a two-dimensional (2D) level acoustic-structure coupled sound absorption model was constructed. The sound absorption effects of asphalt mixtures with different void ratios were qualitatively analyzed, and the variation law of their absorption coefficients was obtained. At the same time, the influence of void characteristics on noise reduction was analyzed using the meso -structure. The results show that: with the increase of the void ratio of asphalt mixture, the total area of voids in the specimen section increases; the number of voids in the specimen section decreases, while the average equivalent diameter of the voids increases; the fractal dimension of the voids in the section increases; the anti-dispersion ability and noise reduction effect of the asphalt mixture increase. The prediction model of sound absorption coefficient established in the study could predict the sound absorption coefficient of asphalt mixture, which provides a reference for practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]