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Background: An everted acetabular labrum (EL) is a pathologic variant in which the labrum is flipped to the capsular side of the acetabular rim. An iatrogenic EL is a known complication of a poorly executed labral repair, and a recent study described the native acetabular EL., Purpose: To analyze surgical outcomes after advancement or reconstruction of an EL in a native hip., Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3., Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective review of prospectively collected data on primary hip arthroscopic surgeries performed between 2013 and 2023. An EL was identified arthroscopically as a labrum-femoral head gap while off traction in the native hip. All patients with EL who were analyzed in this study underwent arthroscopic labral repair and advancement or labral augmentation or reconstruction. Patients with hip dysplasia also underwent periacetabular osteotomy with or without a derotational femoral osteotomy. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were assessed using the 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12) and the Nonarthritic Hip Score. PROs were obtained preoperatively and up to 24 months after surgery. PROs were compared with those of a case-matched control cohort in a 1:2 ratio. Only patients with PROs available at ≥1 year postoperatively were included in the outcome analysis., Results: A total of 111 patients (129 hips) with EL during the study period were identified, with PROs available in 96 hips. The mean age of patients with EL was 30.5 years, and women made up 87% of the cohort. Of the 129 hips with an EL, an isolated diagnosis of an EL was present in 11.6% of hips. Deficient acetabular coverage (lateral center-edge angle <25°) was seen in 40.6% of EL hips. No difference was seen in iHOT-12 scores between EL and control groups at 12- or 24-month follow-up ( P = .18 and .94, respectively). Patients with EL reported a significant improvement of PROs at latest follow-up ( P < .001 for iHOT-12 and Nonarthritic Hip Score)., Conclusion: Surgical management of a native EL with restoration of the labral seal on the femoral head and correction of concomitant pathologies resulted in significant clinical improvement, with postoperative outcome scores comparable to those of patients without an EL. These findings provide evidence supporting surgical intervention for a native EL., Competing Interests: One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: J.H.L. has received support for education from Gemini Mountain Medical and hospitality payments from Smith & Nephew, Stryker, and Heraeus Medical. J.W.G. has received consulting fees from Pivot; IP royalties, consulting fees, and research support from Stryker; support for education from Arthrex; and hospitality payments from Smith & Nephew. L.A.V. has received support for education from ImpactOrtho, Goode Surgical, and Arthrex and hospitality payments from Stryker Corporation and Smith & Nephew. O.M-D. has received consulting fees from Stryker Corporation and holds stock or stock options in HeapSi and MITA. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to introduce a native labral variant, the everted acetabular labrum, and to describe the patho-anatomy, magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRI/MRA) characteristics and the arthroscopic findings in this condition., Methods: All primary hip arthroscopy procedures performed by the senior author between June 2013 and January 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. An everted acetabular labrum was identified as a segment of labrum that lacked apposition to the femoral head with the hip off traction. All everted labra were treated with labral advancement and repair with or without augmentation or reconstruction. The labrum-to-femoral head distance was measured in 3T MRI/MRA at the 1-2 o'clock position. A random selection of 38 hips without an everted labrum served as controls to compare radiographic parameters., Results: A total of 68 hips were identified as having an everted labrum during the study period (mean age, 29.1 years), and 55 hips had advanced imaging available for review. MRI/MRA scans revealed the everted labrum to have a triangular shape in 17 hips (31%) and a blunted/round shape in 38 hips (69%), which differed significantly from controls (triangular 25/38 [66%], blunted 13/38 [34%], P < 0.001). The average labrum-to-femoral head distance was 1.4 mm for everted labra versus 0.0 mm for controls (P < 0.0001) and the mean labral lengths and widths were significantly shorter than those of controls (both P < 0.01). Of the hips, 8 underwent labral reconstruction or augmentation, and 61 underwent labral advancement/repair., Conclusion: The everted acetabular labrum is a native variant that is identifiable during hip arthroscopy by assessing the labral seal off traction. Preoperative MRI/MRA findings can be highly predictive of an everted labrum. Surgical treatment includes labral advancement and repair or reconstruction to restore contact between the labrum and the femoral head., Level of Evidence: III, retrospective comparative study., (Copyright © 2021 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: The aims of this study were to describe a novel minimally invasive, interlocking periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for the treatment of hip dysplasia that was developed at our institution and to report on its safety, complications, and early clinical outcomes., Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study of the first 200 consecutive hips that underwent the CU (University of Colorado) PAO, an interlocking osteotomy combining the benefits of the Birmingham interlocking pelvic osteotomy (BIPO) and the Ganz PAO. The technique provides direct visualization of the sciatic nerve during the ischial osteotomy and allows for immediate weight-bearing postoperatively. Demographic characteristics, intraoperative and perioperative parameters, and functional outcomes were documented. All patients underwent hip arthroscopy 3 to 10 days prior to the PAO to address concomitant intra-articular pathology. Mechanical deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis was used for 2 weeks postoperatively. Results were stratified to compare the first 100 and the second 100 cases., Results: A total of 161 patients (200 hips) underwent primary PAO; mean follow-up was 20 months (range, 3 to 33 months). The mean patient age at the time of surgery was 29.4 years (range, 13 to 55 years). Females accounted for 89% of the patients included in this study. The average length of stay was 4 days. A concomitant proximal femoral derotational osteotomy was performed in 19 hips. The lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) improved from a mean of 18.8° preoperatively to 31.5° postoperatively (p < 0.001). The mean Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS) improved from 56.0 preoperatively to 89.4 at the 24-month follow-up (p < 0.0001). Paresthesias in the distribution of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve were common (65% at 2 weeks postoperatively) but resolved in 85% of the patients within the first 6 months. There were no sciatic nerve-related complications, deep infections, or DVTs., Conclusions: The CU PAO enables corrective realignment of symptomatic acetabular dysplasia with direct visualization of the sciatic nerve, early weight-bearing, cosmetic incisions, and good short-term outcomes., Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Purpose: To compare the lateral osseolabral coverage between groups of patients with different degrees of acetabular bony coverage using a magnetic resonance imaging parameter known as the combined lateral center-edge angle (cLCEA)., Methods: The cLCEA was measured among a consecutive series of patients presenting to a dedicated hip preservation surgeon with a magnetic resonance imaging scan. The cLCEA was measured using a coronal T1 or proton density image and was defined as the angle subtended by (1) a line through the center of the femoral head and orthogonal to the transverse line passing through the teardrops of both hips and (2) an oblique line drawn from the center of the femoral head to the free edge of the lateral acetabular labrum. The average difference between the lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) and the cLCEA was calculated and compared between groups based on acetabular bony coverage: dysplasia (LCEA <20°), borderline dysplasia (LCEA 20°-24.9°), normal coverage (LCEA 25°-39.9°), and overcoverage (LCEA ≥40°)., Results: In total, 341 patients (386 hips) were included. There were no significant differences in cLCEA between hips with normal acetabular coverage and dysplasia (P = .10) or borderline dysplasia (P = .46). Despite the large difference in mean LCEA between dysplasia (14.8° ± 3.9°) and acetabular overcoverage (43.1° ± 2.8°), the mean cLCEA values exhibited only a modest difference (44.7° ± 4.9° vs 52.7° ± 4.5°, respectively). Concordantly, hips with dysplasia exhibited the largest difference between mean LCEA and cLCEA (delta = 29.9° ± 4.7°) and hips with acetabular overcoverage had the smallest difference between measures (9.6° ± 5.2°)., Conclusions: With decreasing acetabular bony coverage, there is increasing labral size such that the total osseolabral coverage, measured by the combined LCEA, remains equivalent between hips with normal acetabular coverage versus dysplasia., Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study., (Copyright © 2019 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purposes of this study were (1) to define a normal prearthritic hip joint space width (JSW) in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with various degrees of acetabular coverage based on the lateral center edge angle (LCEA) and (2) to determine predictors of JSW using patient-specific variables., Methods: In a consecutive series of patients presenting to a hip preservation clinic between July 2012 and April 2016, a standard weight-bearing anteroposterior pelvic view was obtained. JSW was defined as the distance between the bony contour of the acetabular rim and femoral head in 2 locations (lateral and medial weight-bearing zone). Hips with severe anatomic deformity, a Tönnis grade >0, or a lateral or medial JSW <2.5 mm were excluded. A linear mixed model analysis was performed in order to determine which variables (age, sex, side, height, weight, symptomatic/asymptomatic, LCEA, and clinical diagnosis) were significantly related to JSW., Results: A total of 994 hips were included. LCEA was found to be a significant predictor of both the lateral and medial JSW, with a decreased JSW associated with increasing degrees of acetabular bony coverage (P < .02). A mean 0.9 mm (20%) difference in medial JSW was found between patients with frank dysplasia (LCEA <20°) compared with those with pincer-type FAI (LCEA ≥40°). There was no difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic hips, either for lateral (asymptomatic: 4.51 ± 0.83 mm; symptomatic: 4.52 ± 0.85 mm; P = .58) or medial JSW (asymptomatic: 4.02 ± 0.96 mm; symptomatic: 3.97 ± 0.84 mm; P = .49)., Conclusions: The LCEA is a significant predictor of hip JSW, with the mean JSW decreasing with increasing degrees of acetabular bony coverage. Joint space is not a major factor in symptomatology in adults with prearthritic hip pain., Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study., (Copyright © 2018 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of general anesthesia on preoperative passive hip range of motion (ROM) in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for various indications. A total of 260 consecutive patients undergoing hip arthroscopy were included in this study. Passive hip ROM was evaluated bilaterally in the clinic and subsequently under general anesthesia immediately preoperatively. Demographic variables, including age, height, weight, and clinical diagnosis, were recorded for all patients. Hips with pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and hips with acetabular dysplasia showed a mean increase of 4° and 6°, respectively, in hip external rotation at 90° of hip flexion (ER-90) with induction of anesthesia (P=.018 and P=.021, respectively). In contrast, a statistically significant reduction in hip abduction (2°) and hip flexion (4°) was observed following induction of anesthesia in healthy contralateral hips of patients presenting with unilateral hip pathology (P=.01 and P<.001, respectively). Hip ROM does not change to a clinically significant extent with induction of general anesthesia. Small increases in external rotation in patients with FAI or acetabular dysplasia are within the standard error for ROM measurements. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(6):e1165-e1169.]., (Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.)

Background: Bony morphological abnormalities of the hip joint are often accompanied by adaptive soft tissue changes. These adaptive changes, if better understood and characterized, may serve to inform clinical decision making., Purpose: To investigate the correlation between the size of the hip labrum and lateral acetabular coverage in patients at our hip preservation clinic., Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3., Methods: A cohort of 236 patients seen at a dedicated hip preservation service between June 2013 and June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped according to the degree of acetabular coverage, as measured by the lateral center-edge angle (LCEA): normal acetabular coverage (25°-39.9°), acetabular overcoverage (≥40°), borderline dysplasia (20°-24.9°), and frank dysplasia (<20°). Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was utilized to measure the length of the labrum at 3 locations: laterally, anteriorly, and anteroinferiorly., Results: Frankly dysplastic and borderline dysplastic hips exhibited larger values of labral length at all locations when compared with hips with normal acetabular coverage (P < .001) or acetabular overcoverage (P < .001). Interestingly, mean labral length values in frank dysplasia were statistically similar to corresponding measurements in borderline dysplasia. In hips with frank dysplasia, borderline dysplasia, or normal acetabular coverage, labral length was consistently greatest at the lateral labrum and correspondingly lowest at the anteroinferior labrum (P < .001). In hips with acetabular overcoverage, labral length did not vary significantly between the lateral, anterior, and anteroinferior locations. Multivariate analyses confirmed LCEA to be the strongest predictor of labral length, irrespective of measurement location., Conclusion: Patients with borderline dysplasia and frank dysplasia exhibited increased values of labral length in the weightbearing zone, potentially indicating a compensatory reaction to the lack of bony coverage. Labral length may serve as an instability marker and inform clinical decision making for patients with borderline dysplasia., (© 2016 The Author(s).)

Objectives: This study has three aims: (1) validate a new radiographic measure of acetabular version, the transverse axis distance (TAD) by showing equivalent TAD accuracy in predicting CT equatorial acetabular version when compared to a previously validated, but more cumbersome, radiographic measure, the p/a ratio; (2) establish predictive equations of CT acetabular version from TAD; (3) calculate a sensitive and specific cut point for predicting excessive CT acetabular anteversion using TAD., Materials and Methods: A 14-month retrospective review was performed of patients who had undergone a dedicated MSK CT pelvis study and who also had a technically adequate AP pelvis radiograph. Two trained observers measured the radiographic p/a ratio, TAD, and CT acetabular equatorial version for 110 hips on a PACS workstation. Mixed model analysis was used to find prediction equations, and ROC analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of p/a ratio and TAD., Results: CT equatorial acetabular version can accurately be predicted from either p/a ratio (p < 0.001) or TAD (p < 0.001). The diagnostic accuracies of p/a ratio and TAD are comparable (p =0.46). Patients whose TAD is higher than 17 mm may have excessive acetabular anteversion. For that cutpoint, the sensitivity of TAD is 0.73, with specificity of 0.82., Conclusion: TAD is an accurate radiographic predictor of CT acetabular anteversion and provides an easy-to-use and intuitive point-of-care assessment of acetabular version in patients with hip pain.