Roch, Léa, Prigent, Sylvain, Klose, Holger, Cakpo, Coffi-Belmys, Beauvoit, Bertrand, Deborde, Catherine, Fouillen, Laetitia, van Delft, Pierre, Jacob, Daniel, Usadel, Björn, Dai, Zhanwu, Génard, Michel, Vercambre, Gilles, Colombié, Sophie, Moing, Annick, Gibon, Yves, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), RWTH Aachen University, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Platetorme Métabolome Bordeaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (UMR EGFV), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-11-INBS-0012,PHENOME,Centre français de phénomique végétale(2011), ANR-11-INBS-0010,METABOHUB,Développement d'une infrastructure française distribuée pour la métabolomique dédiée à l'innovation(2011), and ANR-15-CE20-0009,FRIMOUSS,Modélisation intégrative du fruit pour un système de sélection unifié(2015)
A comparison of eight fruit species (herbaceous, vines, and trees) throughout their development shows that biomass composition and fruit relative growth rate are closely linked., Fleshy fruits are very varied, whether in terms of their composition, physiology, or rate and duration of growth. To understand the mechanisms that link metabolism to phenotypes, which would help the targeting of breeding strategies, we compared eight fleshy fruit species during development and ripening. Three herbaceous (eggplant, pepper, and cucumber), three tree (apple, peach, and clementine) and two vine (kiwifruit and grape) species were selected for their diversity. Fruit fresh weight and biomass composition, including the major soluble and insoluble components, were determined throughout fruit development and ripening. Best-fitting models of fruit weight were used to estimate relative growth rate (RGR), which was significantly correlated with several biomass components, especially protein content (R=84), stearate (R=0.72), palmitate (R=0.72), and lignocerate (R=0.68). The strong link between biomass composition and RGR was further evidenced by generalized linear models that predicted RGR with R-values exceeding 0.9. Comparison of the fruit also showed that climacteric fruit (apple, peach, kiwifruit) contained more non-cellulosic cell-wall glucose and fucose, and more starch, than non-climacteric fruit. The rate of starch net accumulation was also higher in climacteric fruit. These results suggest that the way biomass is constructed has a major influence on performance, especially growth rate.