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The article discusses how the California Court created an exception to the rule by stating that the pass-on defense does not apply to claims under California's antitrust statute, the Cartwright Act, in the case "Clayworth v. Pfizer." It has been stated that the exception created by the California Supreme Court is good in terms of realities of complex antitrust litigation involving multiple parties in a distribution chain.

This article reports on the ruling of Chief Judge Vaughan Walker on the antitrust claims filed by PeopleSoft Inc. against Oracle Corp. in San Francisco, California. The ruling paved the way for Oracle to proceed with its takeover bid for PeopleSoft, rejecting the effort of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) to block the offer on antitrust grounds. According to Walker, the attorneys of DOJ had failed to prove that a merger of Oracle and PeopleSoft is substantially to lessen competition in the business applications market.