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The risk of kidney damage doubles during pregnancy. Acute kidney injury in pregnancy (P-AKI) is a high risk obstetrical disease that threatens the lives of mothers and their children. Despite the decline in the incidence of P-AKI in the past three decades, China still has a high incidence and mortality rate. P-AKI is a serious complication of pregnancy. It has clinical features of rapid onset, rapid progress and serious illness, often accompanied by respiratory, cardiovascular and digestive symptoms. P-AKI related diseases such as pre -eclampsia, acute fatty liver in pregnancy, HELLP syndrome and thrombotic microangiopathy have similar clinical manifestations and are prone to diagnosis difficulties. This article analyzes the pathophysiological changes, the incidence and causes of different countries, the diagnostic criteria, the related diseases of PAKI and the preventive and therapeutic measures, further analyzes the dialysis for P-AKI. It aims to improve the prevention and treatment of P-AKI, reduce the incidence, mortality and disability, and improve maternal and child outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]