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In mobile ad hoc networks, route selection is one of the most important issues that is studied in these networks as a field of research. Many articles trying to provide solutions to choose the best path in which the important parameters such as power consumption, bandwidth and mobility are used. In this article, in order to improve the solutions presented in recent papers parameters such as power remaining, mobility, degree node and available bandwidth are used by taking the factors for each parameter in proportion to its influence in choosing the best path. Finally, we compare the proposed solution with the three protocols IAOMDV-F, AODVFART and FLM-AODV with the help of OPNET simulation program based on network throughput, routing discovery time, the average number of hops per route, network delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the downside characteristics of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) such as dynamic topology and energy consumption and control overhead, network clustering is one of the promising solutions. Cluster Based Routing Protocol (CBRP) is a robust and scalable routing protocol for MANETs. Clustering formation algorithm used in CBRP is a variation of simple lowest-ID algorithm in which the node with a lowest ID among its neighbors is elected as the Cluster head. Neglecting mobility and energy for selecting cluster head is one of the weakness points of the algorithm. In order to increase stability of the network and to prevent re-clustering an adaptive energy-aware Cluster Based Routing Protocol (AECBRP) is proposed. Two algorithms have been introduced in AECBRP as enhancement to the CBRP: improving the cluster formation algorithm by considering relative mobility, residual energy and connectivity degree metrics, and add in an efficient cluster maintenance algorithm based on the aggregate energy metric of cluster head. Using NS-2 we evaluate the rate of cluster-head changes, the normalization routing overhead and the packet delivery ratio. Comparisons denote that the proposed AECBRP has better performances with respect to the original CBRP and Cross-CBRP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The implementation of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is steadily increasing. MANETs are especially popular in locations that lack a fixed communication infrastructure. To achieve zero-configuration MANETs, as well as quick and easy access to network resources, resources must be well managed by the network. This paper proposes a hierarchical service discovery and advertisement protocol (HSDAP) implemented in the routing layer. HSDAP queries services by piggybacking service REQuest (SREQ) packets on routing packets to reduce overhead and energy consumption. We extend the cluster-based routing protocol (CBRP) to improve service management hierarchy. Simulation results show that adding service discovery and advertisement (SDA) functions to CBRP does not significantly affect overhead. SDA overhead, routing overhead, energy consumption, and SDA delay are significantly less than the extended zone routing protocol. Furthermore, SDA hit ratio of the proposed protocol is greater than 86% for various levels of mobility. The proposed HSDAP is robust and scalable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) such as dynamic changing topology, lack of centralized management, and the vulnerability of links, have made MANETs security a real concern. It is notable that security in this area is still a challenging issue. Without having a trusted public authority, designing suitable security for this type of networking is troublesome. One of the important issues in security mechanisms which is based on RSA algorithms is the support of key-management infrastructure based on the concept of a certificate authority (CA). In this paper, we have employed the Cluster Based Routing Protocol (CBRP) as a Routing layer protocol to use unique features of the Cluster Based MANETs and to avoid traffic flooding. CBRP is a robust/scalable routing protocol for medium and large MANETs. We have also employed the cross-layering technique to reduce the number of exchanging packets and increase the speed of the network. In addition, we have introduced a new security key management mechanism based on the CA distribution in MANETs. We introduced a distributed CA mechanism based on cluster-based architecture to create a secure network that is highly adapted to the characteristics of ad hoc networks. Our experiment showed that the proposed protocol does not generate significant overhead in the network. The average energy consumption and end-to-end delay in this protocol are less than the Authentication Protocol Based on CBRP (APBC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]