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Background and Objectives: Posttraumatic stress (PTS) has been found to be associated with poor academic performance among college students. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this relationship is limited to the results of a few recent studies. The present study is aimed at expanding the literature in this area by examining whether avoidance coping and external academic locus of control (LOC) mediate the relationship between PTS and academic achievement among first-year college students. Design: A correlational study design was used. Students completed a quantitative survey in their first semester of college. After they completed their first academic year, we obtained their grade point averages (GPAs) through the university. Method: Participants included 280 first-year college students with a history of potentially traumatic events. Data obtained from these participants were analyzed using path analysis. Results: Two indirect paths from PTS to first-year GPA were significant, suggesting that external academic LOC mediated the effects of both PTS and avoidance coping on first-year GPA. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the interventions that target external academic LOC may help reduce the detrimental effects of PTS on academic achievement among trauma-exposed college students.

Background and Aim: The changes and limitations that occur in the aging process effect people's adaptation to old age. This study aimed to assess the effect of reminiscence therapy on the adaptation levels of non-institutionalized elderly women to old age., Methods: We used a randomized controlled trial design. We conducted the study with 50 elderly women, including 27 women in the intervention group and 23 women in the control group. Study data were recollected by using an introductory information form, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly (ASADE). Reminiscence therapy was applied to the participants in the intervention group through individual sessions for 8 weeks by making house visits once a week., Results: At the end of reminiscence therapy made through weekly house visits, we compared the mean ASADE and MMSE scores of intervention and control groups and found that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean ASADE and MMSE scores of the participants in the intervention group (p < 0.05)., Conclusions: This study found that reminiscence therapy increased the elderly women's adaptation to old age and cognitive level., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: The co-occurence of posttraumatic stress (PTS) and risky drinking has been demonstrated in diverse populations, including college students. However, the mechanisms underlying this co-occurrence, as well as the protective factors that may reduce risky drinking among trauma-exposed college students have yet to be fully understood in the literature., Objectives: The present study builds upon self-regulation theories and previous empirical work to determine whether the effects of PTS and coping flexibility on risky drinking were mediated by delay of gratification among trauma-exposed college students. In addition, the potential moderating effect of gender on these relationships was examined., Methods: Participants included 624 trauma-exposed college students (68.4% female) attending a public university in the southeast region of the United States. Data were collected through an online survey. The hypothesized model was examined using a multigroup structural equation modeling approach., Results: As hypothesized, PTS had a significant, positive indirect effect on risky drinking through delay of gratification; however, the effect of PTS on delay of gratification was stronger for males than for females. Results also indicated that the indirect effect of coping flexibility on risky drinking through delay of gratification was significant and negative for males and females. Conclusions/Importance: The findings of this study suggest that delay of gratification might be an important mechanism underlying the co-occurrence of PTS and risky drinking. In addition, our results highlight the potential benefits of coping flexibility for college students coping with PTS.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Grief Support Program on the bereavement of parents whose babies had died. The sample consisted of 77 couples. The data was collected by the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief and the Coping Strategies Inventory. The intervention group was offered before, immediately after, and a month after death of their baby in accordance with the Grief Support Program guideline. The Grief Support Program did not affect grief intensity in the short term but had a positive effect 1 year later.

Objectives: This study was designed to examine methods used by elderly patients to cope with pain and serve as a guide for nurses., Methods: This descriptive survey was carried out with geriatric patients (n=100) aged 60 years or more in inpatient Algology Unit of a university hospital between November 28, 2014 and January 28, 2015. Data were collected using descriptive characteristics questionnaire prepared based on review of the literature and via one-on-one interviews using Pain Coping Questionnaire (PCQ). Data were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods, Independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance test, and Pearson correlation coefficient., Results: Duration of pain experienced by the patients ranged from 1 month to 40 years, with mean duration of 63.57±82.65 months. Mean subscale scores of PCQ were: self-management, 19.22±6.54; helplessness, 13.45±3.86; conscious coping efforts, 11.90±3.97; and medical remedies, 12.62±3.98. Score of the patients who reported that they could manage their pain on their own (p<0.05), and of those who relied on medical remedies, believing that pain control is in the hands of nurses (p<0.05), were significantly higher., Conclusion: Means of coping with pain vary in geriatric patients and it is recommended that these differences be taken into account in nursing interventions.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the reciprocal relationships between authenticity and measures of life satisfaction and distress using a 2-wave panel study design. Data were collected from 232 college students attending 2 public universities. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results of the cross-lagged panel analysis indicated that after controlling for temporal stability, initial authenticity (Time 1) predicted later distress and life satisfaction (Time 2). Specifically, higher levels of authenticity at Time 1 were associated with increased life satisfaction and decreased distress at Time 2. Neither distress nor life satisfaction at Time 1 significantly predicted authenticity at Time 2. However, the relationship between Time 1 distress and Time 2 authenticity was not significantly different from the relationship between Time 1 authenticity and Time 2 distress. Results are discussed in light of humanistic-existential theories and the empirical research on well-being., (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.)

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of family cohesion, adaptability, and paternal self-efficacy in psychological well-being of fathers of children with and without disabilities and whether the effects of these variables on psychological well-being were the same for both groups of fathers. In addition, the potential differences in perceived well-being between the two groups of fathers were examined. Sixty-three fathers of children with disabilities and 217 fathers of typically developing children participated in this study. Fathers of children with disabilities scored significantly higher on the self-acceptance dimension of psychological well-being compared with fathers of children without disabilities. After controlling for the demographic factors, family cohesion and paternal self-efficacy significantly and positively predicted well-being of fathers; the effects of these variables on well-being were the same for both groups of fathers.

The purpose of this study was to describe the common stress factors and coping strategies of parents whose children had been treated by hemodialysis. This study was conducted by using focus group interviews. The sample was composed of 31 parents. Five focus groups were made up from these parents. Data were analyzed by using the manifest content analysis method. According to the results, common stress factors of parents included financial and bureaucratic problems, growth and development of ill children, fluid-diet restriction and educational problems of children, lack of social support, and anxiety about losing their children at any moment. Coping strategies of parents were to give their attention to the positive side of matters, to share their feelings with their spouse or other parents, to cry, or pray., (Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.)