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Non-uniformly shaped workpieces made of such materials as ceramic and cast metal can prevent higherefficiency machining from being achieved in the conventional process due to large deviation of removal stock. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method to achieve a high-efficiency machining strategy for non-uniformly shaped workpieces using on-machine measurement. This method utilizes on-machine measurement of a workpiece placed at an arbitrary position on a machine table as a machining pre-process. The product shape is arranged in the workpiece shape, and NC program for machining is generated based on the on-machine measurement data. The proposed method can be expected to be reasonable for a largesize product that requires long machining time because of long initial setup time and air-cutting in machining. A case study using numerical experiment was carried out. The results showed that our proposed method reduced total manufacturing time including on-machine measurement.