12 results on '"Ford, Jodi"'
Search Results
2. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms, Smoking Initiation, and Social Integration among Adolescents.
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Wise, Barbara L. and Ford, Jodi L.
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FRIENDSHIP , *AFFINITY groups , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *SOCIAL networks , *CHILDREN with disabilities , *ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *TEENAGERS' conduct of life , *SMOKING , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *DATA analysis software , *ODDS ratio , *SOCIAL integration , *LONGITUDINAL method , *SYMPTOMS , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
This observational, longitudinal study's purpose was to investigate whether social network integration has a moderating effect on smoking initiation among those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative longitudinal dataset. Social network and smoking data were collected in schools, with a 6-year follow-up that included ADHD symptoms and reported smoking. Social integration was measured as peer friendship nominations (degree) and the influence of an individual on the entire social network (centrality). Multilevel logistic regression found a main effect for ADHD symptoms and low numbers of friendship nominations on smoking initiation, but social network measures were not significant moderators of the relationship between ADHD symptoms and smoking initiation among adolescents. Further investigation of the drivers of smoking initiation among those with ADHD is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. Demographic and health predictors of telomere length during adolescence.
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Kertes, Darlene A., Leri, John, Duan, Ke, Tarrence, Jake, Browning, Christopher, Pickler, Rita, and Ford, Jodi
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Telomere length (TL) is proposed to play a mechanistic role in how the exposome affects health outcomes. Little is known about TL during adolescence, a developmental period during which precursors of adult‐onset health problems often emerge. We examined health and demographic sources of variation in TL in 899 youth aged 11–17. Demographic and health information included age, sex, race, household income, caregiver age and marital status, youth tobacco exposure, body mass index, pubertal status, health problems, medication use, and season of data collection. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva, and T/S ratios were computed following qPCR. Age, race, season of data collection, and household income were associated with the telomere to single copy (T/S) ratio. We found that T/S ratios were larger at younger ages, among Black youth, for saliva collected during autumn and winter, and among households with higher income. Analyses stratified by race revealed that the association between age and T/S ratio was present for Black youth, that season of collection was present across races, but that family demographic associations with T/S ratio varied by race. The results provide information for future telomere research and highlight adolescence as a potentially important developmental phase for racial disparities in telomere shortening and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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4. Transgender adolescent and young adult suicide: A bioecological perspective.
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Anderson, Avery M. and Ford, Jodi
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SUICIDE risk factors , *WELL-being , *LIFE course approach , *SOCIAL determinants of health , *SELF-perception , *DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) , *ECOLOGY , *PSYCHOLOGY , *SOCIAL stigma , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *THEORY , *SEXUAL orientation identity , *SOCIAL attitudes , *TRANSGENDER people , *ADULTS , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Suicide is a public health crisis disproportionately affecting transgender adolescents and young adults. There are gaps in research evaluating this phenomenon using a multilevel, life‐course approach. The following paper will provide an overview of the current models of suicide, critique their applicability to understanding suicide among transgender youth, and discuss how using a bioecological systems approach will help to advance our understanding of suicide among transgender youth. Transgender adolescents and young adults often face unique combinations of interpersonal and intrapersonal challenges that require managing a stark misalignment of social characters, expectations, and roles. These factors are imposed by the complex interactions and influences of the bioecological systems in which transgender adolescents and young adults are situated. Future research is needed to elucidate the characteristics of bioecological adversity faced by this vulnerable population. Identification of these relationships are likely to highlight effective targets for multilevel interventions aimed at preventing suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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5. Predictors of Treatment Engagement Among Suicidal Youth Experiencing Homelessness.
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Walsh, Laura, Luthy, Ellison, Feng, Xin, Yilmazer, Tansel, Ford, Jodi, Kelleher, Kelly, Chavez, Laura, and Slesnick, Natasha
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CONFIDENCE intervals ,SUICIDAL ideation ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PATIENT compliance ,HOMELESSNESS ,HOMELESS persons ,DATA analysis software ,STATISTICAL sampling ,ODDS ratio ,COGNITIVE therapy ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Homeless youth experience high rates of suicidal ideation and attempts, yet limited research has examined predictors of treatment engagement among this population. Suicidal homeless youth (N = 150) between the ages of 18 and 24 years were recruited from a drop-in center in Columbus, Ohio. Participants were randomly assigned to Cognitive Therapy for Suicide Prevention + treatment as usual through a local drop-in center (CTSP + TAU) (N = 75) or TAU alone (N = 75), and treatment attendance among those assigned to CTSP + TAU was examined in this study. As expected, among youth engaged in CTSP + TAU, those with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) showed decreased odds of treatment attendance. Additionally, youth randomized into CTSP + TAU with higher acquired capability for suicide (ACS) scores and those identifying as Black were more likely to attend treatment sessions. Findings suggest that effective treatment implementation must consider youth's trauma history, demographics and severity of suicidal ideation and behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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6. Racial and Economic Adversity Differences in Stress Markers and Immune Function Among Urban Adolescents.
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Ford, Jodi L., Browning, Christopher R., Boch, Samantha J., Kertes, Darlene A., Tarrence, Jake, Way, Baldwin M., and Schmeer, Kammi K.
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SALIVA analysis , *BIOMARKERS , *PHYSIOLOGICAL stress , *CAREGIVERS , *HAIR analysis , *TIME , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *RACE , *INTERVIEWING , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *IMMUNITY , *RESEARCH funding , *EPSTEIN-Barr virus , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *METROPOLITAN areas , *HEALTH equity , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *SECONDARY analysis , *HYDROCORTISONE , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Background: Exposure to racism and associated adversities, such as poverty, is hypothesized to contribute to racial inequities in health via stress and immune pathways. Furthermore, the effects of adversity may be more salient during sensitive developmental periods. Our study examined racial differences in stress and immune biomarkers during adolescence and the effects of exposure to economic adversity at distinct developmental time periods and cumulatively in accounting for potential racial differences. Methods: Secondary analysis of the Adolescent Health and Development in Context study was conducted. Data were derived from self-administered surveys; interviews; smartphone-based, geographic-explicit ecological momentary assessment; stress biomarkers (evening salivary cortisol over six nights and hair cortisol); and immune biomarkers (salivary shedding of Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] DNA among EBV-positive adolescents). Current socioeconomic status measures included annual household income and caregiver education. Caregivers also reported experiences of bankruptcy, difficulty paying bills, receipt of food stamps/Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program/electronic benefit transfer, and job loss when the child was of ages birth-5 years, 6-10 years, and 11 years or older. An affirmative response to any item was defined as exposure to economic adversity for that developmental time period (yes/no). A cumulative economic adversity measure was calculated as the sum of exposures across developmental periods (0 = never exposed to 3 = exposed across all time periods). Descriptive and multivariable regression analyses were conducted, accounting for covariates. Results: Black/African American adolescents had higher salivary cortisol concentration, higher hair cortisol concentration, and an increased odd of salivary shedding of EBV DNA compared to White adolescents. Racial differences were not attenuated by the current socioeconomic status or economic adversity (developmental period or cumulatively). Discussion: Our study provides evidence that stress and immune biomarkers differ by race as early as adolescence and may be one pathway through which racism and associated adversities contribute to racial health inequities. Further research on the contribution of multiple adversities beyond poverty to racial inequities in physiological stress and health is critical for informing effective prevention and intervention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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7. Protective Factors to Promote Health and Flourishing in Black Youth Exposed to Parental Incarceration.
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Boch, Samantha J. and Ford, Jodi L.
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PSYCHOLOGY of Black people , *WELL-being , *SOCIAL support , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *PRISONERS , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *SELF-management (Psychology) , *CROSS-sectional method , *HEALTH status indicators , *ADOLESCENT health , *CHILDREN'S accident prevention , *SURVEYS , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *ODDS ratio , *FAMILY relations , *DATA analysis software , *PARENTS , *HEALTH promotion , *SECONDARY analysis , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Background: Mass incarceration of Black fathers and mothers in the United States has had an undeniably negative effect on the health and well-being of their children, families, and communities. Nearly 1 in every 9 Black youth in the United States has had an incarcerated parent compared to 1 in every 17 White youth. To mitigate the consequences of such historical and structural racism, family and community protective factors that promote health and flourishing in Black youth need exploration. Objectives: The aim of this study was to understand the associations of protective family, school, and neighborhood factors of overall health and flourishing in Black youth ever exposed to parental incarceration. Methods: Using the 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health, secondary data analyses were conducted of Black youth ages 6-17 years exposed to parental incarceration (n = 839). Multivariable logistic regression models predicted the associations among protective family and community factors and two child outcomes of interest: overall good health status and flourishing. Overall good health status was measured dichotomously comparing children in "good, very good, or excellent" health to children in "fair or poor" health. Flourishing was measured as a count score using three survey questions designed to assess the child's curiosity and discovery about learning, resilience, and self-regulation. Protective factors of interest included family resilience and connectedness, neighborhood support and safety, and school safety. Other child and caregiver demographics and health characteristics were also included as covariates. Results: Across all models, higher levels of family connectedness were associated with greater odds of having overall good health and flourishing in Black youth exposed to parental incarceration after adjusting for covariates and neighborhood and school protective characteristics. No significant associations were found between neighborhood or school protective factors and either outcome. Discussion: To achieve health equity and maximize opportunities for all youth, we must remove the obstacles and consequences of mass incarceration. Improving the health and flourishing of Black youth who have had incarcerated parents requires greater investment in structural supports to bolster family connectedness and better evidence on how to support families affected by mass incarceration and structural racism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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8. Early childhood family instability and immune system dysregulation in adolescence.
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Schmeer, Kammi K., Ford, Jodi L., and Browning, Christopher R.
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PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY , *CHILDREN , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Highlights • Reactivation of a latent virus is one indicator of immune-system dysregulation due to chronic stress exposure. • Early childhood may be a particularly important time for the biological-embedding of chronic stress. • We assessed early childhood family instability and salivary EBV DNA shedding in adolescence. • Children who moved in with grandparent or new parent/caregiver before age 5 had higher EBV DNA shedding in adolescence. • Contemporaneous family structure and SES not associated with EBV DNA shedding in adolescents. Abstract Exposure to stress is one way in which social disadvantages during childhood may alter biological and psychological systems with long-term consequences. Family social and economic conditions are critical for early childhood development and exposure to difficult family conditions may have lasting physiological effects. However, there is little research linking early childhood conditions with physiological indicators of stress and system dysregulation in adolescence. In this study, we assess how family social and economic instability that occurred in early childhood (birth to age 5) is associated with immune system dysregulation in adolescence, as indicated by DNA shedding of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We utilize a biomarker of EBV obtained through saliva, a non-invasive method of collecting immune-system biomarkers, in 674 adolescents 11–17 years old. Multivariable regression results indicated that experiences of moving into a new parent/caregiver household or moving in with a grandparent during early childhood was associated with an estimated 100% increase in EBV DNA shedding among prior EBV-infected adolescents. Other measures of early childhood family instability, total number of family structure changes and economic insecurity, were marginally significant. Contemporaneous family conditions were not associated with adolescents' EBV DNA shedding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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9. Feasibility of Hair Collection for Cortisol Measurement in Population Research on Adolescent Health.
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Ford, Jodi L., Boch, Samantha J., and McCarthy, Donna O.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens , *BLACK people , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *HYDROCORTISONE , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICAL sampling , *STATISTICS , *WHITE people , *PILOT projects , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *HEALTH equity , *HAIR analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Background: Black-White disparities in adolescent health are widespread and thought to be explained, in part, by exposure to chronic stress. Cortisol assayed from hair is increasingly recognized as a valid and reliable measure for chronic physiological stress, but the feasibility of collecting hair among large probability samples of diverse adolescents is unknown. Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate participation in hair collection for cortisol analyses in a probability sample of racially and socioeconomically diverse adolescents, including the extent to which sociodemographic factors and adverse exposures were associated with participation. Methods: The study included a probability sample of 516 adolescents conducted in conjunction with a prospective cohort study on adolescent health. Data were collected over 1 week via in-home interviews, ecological momentary assessment, global positioning system methods, and in-home hair collection at the end of the week. Results: Of the 516 eligible youth, 471 (91.3%) participated in the hair collection. Of the 45 youth who did not provide hair samples, 18 had insufficient hair, 25 refused, and 2 did not participate for unknown reasons. Multivariable logistic regression results indicated that non-Hispanic Black youth were less likely than their non-Hispanic White peers to participate due to insufficient hair or refusal (OR =0.24, 95% CI [0 .09,0.60]). Despite lower rates of participation, the proportion of Black youth in the participating sample was representative of the study area. No significant differences in participation were found by other sociodemographic characteristics or adverse exposures. Conclusions: Hair collection for cortisol measurement is feasible among a probability sample of racially and socioeconomically diverse adolescents. Hair cortisol analyses may accelerate research progress to understand the biological and psychosocial bases of health disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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10. C-Reactive Protein Levels Among U.S. Adults Exposed to Parental Incarceration.
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Boch, Samantha J. and Ford, Jodi L.
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C-reactive protein , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *EXPERIENCE , *INTERVIEWING , *PRISONERS , *RESEARCH methodology , *PARENTS , *STATISTICS , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *ADOLESCENT health , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Previous studies have linked childhood adversity to low-grade inflammation via C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. This study analyzed the association between low-grade inflammation and prior biological parental incarceration. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2008) were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models. Measures included high-sensitivity (hs)-CRP (<3 mg/L = reference, 3–10 mg/L = low-grade inflammation, and >10 mg/L = acute inflammation), parent incarceration occurring in the child’s lifetime, and frequency and timing of incarceration with respect to child’s age (0–18 years or >18 years vs. never) of incarceration. Analyses were stratified by child’s gender. Final sample sizes were n = 5,396 males and n = 6,447 females for maternal incarceration and n = 4,956 males and n = 5,860 females for paternal incarceration. In models with and without potential mediators, females whose fathers were ever incarcerated were more likely to have hs-CRP levels of 3–10 mg/L than females whose fathers were never incarcerated (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.09, 1.91]). Additionally, daughter’s age (<18 years; AOR: 1.48, 95% CI: [1.11, 1.97]) and frequency of father’s incarceration were significant (AOR: 1.24, 95% CI: [1.04, 1.49]). No mediating effects were observed. Males whose fathers were incarcerated when they were ≥18 years were less likely to have hs-CRP levels of 3–10 mg/L than those whose father was never incarcerated; the association was nonsignificant in the mediated model. Further investigation is needed on the physiological effects of exposure to parental incarceration and interventions to support children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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11. Parental Perceptions of the Neighborhood Context and Adolescent Depression.
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Ford, Jodi L. and Rechel, Maggie
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MENTAL depression risk factors , *SURVEYS , *COGNITION disorders , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *STATISTICAL correlation , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *POVERTY , *SAFETY , *SEX distribution , *SOCIAL isolation , *STATISTICS , *ADOLESCENT health , *VIOLENCE , *DATA analysis , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *RESIDENTIAL patterns , *SECONDARY analysis , *PARENT attitudes , *STATISTICAL models , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Objective To examine the associations between parental perceptions of the neighborhood context and adolescent depression including potential gender differences in outcomes. Design and Sample Descriptive correlational study. A total of 32,499 parents of adolescents aged 12-17 years. Measures Descriptive and multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses of the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health. Neighborhood context was operationalized as physical disorder, social isolation, and lack of safety. Two depression outcomes (current depression diagnosis and current depression symptoms) were analyzed. Results Parental perceptions of neighborhood physical disorder were positively associated with adolescent depression diagnosis ( AOR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.07, 2.80) and an increase in depression symptoms (0.186, p < 0.001). In addition, parental perceptions of neighborhood social isolation (0.061, p < 0.001) and lack of safety (0.037, p < 0.01) were associated with adolescent depression symptoms, and the measures modestly attenuated the relationship between neighborhood physical disorder and adolescent depression symptoms (0.117, p < 0.05). No significant gender differences were found. Conclusions Public health interventions to reduce neighborhood physical disorder, social isolation, and lack of safety should be considered in efforts to promote adolescent mental health. Further research exploring other mechanisms through which neighborhood physical disorder may contribute to adolescent depression also is needed, including potential gender differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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12. Exposure to police-related deaths and physiological stress among urban black youth.
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Browning, Christopher R., Tarrence, Jake, LaPlant, Eric, Boettner, Bethany, Schmeer, Kammi K., Calder, Catherine A., Way, Baldwin M., and Ford, Jodi L.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL stress , *URBAN youth , *BLACK youth , *ADOLESCENCE , *RACIAL inequality - Abstract
• Exposure to police-related deaths is associated with negative health among black people • This study examined biological consequences of exposure for urban black youth • Black boys exposed to a police-related death have higher average nightly cortisol • No effect of police-related deaths on physiological stress levels of other youth • Potential negative health consequences for black boys exposed to police-related deaths Emerging evidence indicates that exposure to police-related deaths is associated with negative health and wellbeing outcomes among black people. Yet, no study to date has directly examined the biological consequences of exposure to police-related deaths for urban black youth. We employ unique data from the 2014-16 Adolescent Health and Development in Context (AHDC) study – a representative sample of youth ages 11 to 17 residing in the Columbus, OH area. A subsample of participants contributed nightly saliva samples for cortisol for up to six days, providing an opportunity to link recent exposures to police-related deaths within the residential county to physiological stress outcomes during the study period (N = 585). We examine the effect of exposure to a recent police-related death in the same county on the physiological stress (nightly cortisol) levels of black youth. We find evidence of elevated average levels of nightly cortisol (by 46%) for black boys exposed to a police-related death of a black victim in the 30 days prior to the subject's cortisol collection. We find no evidence of police-related death effects on the physiological stress levels of black girls or white youth. These analyses indicate that police-related deaths influence the biological functioning of black boys, with potential negative consequences for health. We consider the implications of exposure to lethal police violence among black boys for understanding racial disparities in health more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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