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This study was aimed at assessing eating habits among preadolescents living in Brianza, with a special focus on snacking' and breakfast' habits.The research was carried out in 12 post-primary schools in Brianza and included 802 students attending 43 different classes (49.3% males and 50.7% females; mean age:12.6 years). The research tool was an ad hoc questionnaire administered to the preadolescents attending school on the day of the research. Data were analyzed using program Epi Info 6.Many students (78.3%) had breakfast in the morning of the questionnaire's administration. Among those perceiving themselves as overweight, not having breakfast is more common than among others. This information is the opposite of what preadolescents say when inquired about their habit to have ''a good breakfast'': only 36.8% of the responders declare that it happens on a daily basis. As to snacking, 18.7% of the students declare to be used to having multiple snacking during the day; during school recess on the day of the survey, 39.9% of respondents declared that they had eaten various industrial snacks, while 27.4% had cakes or fresh bread, 1.2% both of them and 0.6% fruit. On a daily basis, 59.5% report to eat various and different fruits and 62.9% report the same when inquired about vegetables.Considering the importance of a correct nutrition during developmental age and the importance of the phase of adolescence in establishing permanent nutritional habits that will last life-long, it is thus an educational priority to help preadolescents to choose the best foods for their health and well being.

This study is aimed at assessing time dedicated to, motivation and involvement in physical activity on behalf of pre-adolescents. 802 students (49.3% boys and 50.7% girls; mean age: 12.6) attending 43 classes of 11 Brianza's post-elementary schools. A questionnaire was prepared and administered to the involved sample. Classes took part in this study through randomized selection and data were analyzed using program Epi Info 6. Most of the respondents (60.1%) stay involved in sport because "it makes me feel good" and 32.4% because sport is "enjoyable and entertaining". Pre-adolescents chose the sport in which they become engaged on the basis of personal inclination (40%), in order to share experiences and their free time with friends (15.4%); 13.7% declare to prefer sport to be practiced in team. (13.7%). The most practiced sport are: football (51.3% boys, 4.5% girls), volley (3.9%-36.4%), dance (0.8%-25.2%) e swimming (9.4%-14%). 80.8% in the sample practice physical activity in settings outside schools and, among these, 51.7% dedicate three or more hours weekly to extra-school activities. There are significant differences (p0.05) between males' and females' engagement in physical activity (mean value: 4.1 hours; males: 4.6 h, females: 3.5 h). Among pre-teens, 18% declare to be physically inactive at all; 15.7% do not take part in sport activities because afraid to be bullied or shamed by peers. Research show that males are significantly more involved in physical activity than females.

The effect of prophylactic doses of chloroquine on the phagocytic function of human monocytes was studied in young healthy male volunteers. They received placebo, 300, or 600 mg of chloroquine base/week for six weeks. In each subject, the phagocytic function was tested before and at the end of the chloroquine intake period. In the 600-mg chloroquine group, it was also tested six weeks after receiving the last dose. Chloroquine at both doses inhibited the phagocytosis of IgG-coated sheep red blood cells and of zymosan particles. The effect was more pronounced with the 600 mg dose of chloroquine. The phagocytic activity returned to normal values six weeks after the end of treatment.