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1. Epidemiology and Microbiology of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Preliminary Results of a National Registry

Author

Esposito, S., De Simone, G., Pan, A., Brambilla, P., Gattuso, G., Mastroianni, C., Kertusha, B., Contini, C., Massoli, L., Francisci, D., Priante, G., Libanore, M., Bicocchi, R., Borgia, G., Maraolo, A. E., Brugnaro, P., Panese, S., Calabresi, A., Amendola, G., Savalli, F., Geraci, C., Tedesco, A., Fossati, S., Carretta, A., Santantonio, T., Cenderello, G., Crisalli, M. P., Schiaroli, E., Rovere, P., Masini, G., Ferretto, R., Cascio, A., Colomba, C., Gioè, C., Tumbarello, M., Losito, A. R., Foti, G., Prestileo, T., Buscemi, C., Iaria, C., Iacobello, C., Sonia, S., Starnini, G., Ialungo, A., Sapienza, M., the Italian Society of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Esposito, Silvano, DE SIMONE, Giuseppe, Pan, Angelo, Brambilla, Paola, Gattuso, Gianno, Mastroianni, Claudio, Kertusha, Blerta, Contini, Carlo, Massoli, Lorenzo, Francisci, Daniela, Priante, Giulia, Libanore, Marco, Bicocchi, Roberto, Borgia, Guglielmo, Maraolo, Alberto Enrico, Brugnaro, Pierluigi, Panese, Sandro, Calabresi, Alessandra, Amendola, Giovanni, Savalli, Francesca, Geraci, Consuelo, Tedesco, Andrea, Fossati, Sara, Carretta, Anna, Santantonio, Teresa, Cenderello, Giovanni, Crisalli, Maria Paola, Schiaroli, Elisabetta, Rovere, Pierangelo, Masini, Giulia, Ferretto, Roberto, Cascio, Antonio, Colomba, Claudia, Gioè, Claudia, Tumbarello, Mario, Losito, Angela Raffaella, Foti, Giuseppe, Prestileo, Tullio, Buscemi, Calogero, Chiara, Iaria, Iacobello, Carmelo, Sonia, Sofia, Starnini, Giulio, Ialungo, Anna, Sapienza, Mauro, and De Simone, Giuseppe

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Epidemiology, 030106 microbiology, Socio-culturale, registry, microbiology, skin and soft tissue infections, Oncology, Pharmacology, Pharmacology (medical), Infectious Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Epidemiology, microbiology, skin and soft tissue infections, registry, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, skin and soft tissue infection, medicine, Humans, Registries, Skin Diseases, Infectious, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Soft Tissue Infections, food and beverages, Soft tissue, Middle Aged, Dermatology, Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Etiology, Female, National registry, business
Abstract

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) represent a wide range of clinical conditions characterized by a considerable variety of clinical presentations and severity. Their aetiology can also vary, with numerous possible causative pathogens. While other authors previously published analyses on several types of SSTI and on restricted types of patients, we conducted a large nationwide surveillance programme on behalf of the Italian Society of Infectious and Tropical Diseases to assess the clinical and microbiological characteristics of the whole SSTI spectrum, from mild to severe life-threatening infections, in both inpatients and outpatients. Twenty-five Infectious Diseases (ID) Centres throughout Italy collected prospectively data concerning both the clinical and microbiological diagnosis of patients affected by SSTIs via an electronic case report form. All the cases included in our database, independently from their severity, have been managed by ID specialists joining the study while SSTIs from other wards/clinics have been excluded from this analysis. Here, we report the preliminary results of our study, referring to a 12-month period (October 2016-September 2017). During this period, the study population included 254 adult patients and a total of 291 SSTI diagnoses were posed, with 36 patients presenting more than one SSTIs. The type of infection diagnosed, the aetiological micro-organisms involved and some notes on their antimicrobial susceptibilities were collected and are reported herein. The enrichment of our registry is ongoing, but these preliminary results suggest that further analysis could soon provide useful information to better understand the national epidemiologic data and the current clinical management of SSTIs in Italy.

Published
2019

2. Tick-borne encephalitis in north-east Italy: a 14-year retrospective study, January 2000 to December 2013

Author

Rezza, G, Farchi, F., Pezzotti, P., Ruscio, M., Lo Presti, A., Ciccozzi, M., Mondardini, V., Paternoster, C., Bassetti, Matteo, Merelli, M., Scotton, P. G., Luzzati, R., Simeoni, J., Mian, P., Mel, R., Carraro, V., Zanin, A., Ferretto, R., Francavilla, E., Ciufolini, Maria Grazia, Remoli, Maria Elena, Fiorentini, Cristiano, Marchi, Antonella, Fortuna, Claudia, D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco, Pedrotti, Cristina, Bassetti, Danila, Pagani, Elisabetta, Rezza, G, Farchi, F, Pezzotti, P, Ruscio, M, Presti, A. Lo, Ciccozzi, M, Mondardini, V, Paternoster, C, Bassetti, M, Merelli, M, Scotton, Pg, Luzzati, Roberto, Simeoni, J, Mian, P, Mel, R, Carraro, V, Zanin, A, Ferretto, R, Francavilla, E, TBE Virology, Group, and D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco

Subjects
Tick-Borne, Adult, Male, Veterinary medicine, tick-borne encephalitis virus, North east, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne, Italy, epidemiology, tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne virus, Aged, Animals, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne, Female, Humans, Incidence, Ixodes, Middle Aged, RNA, Viral, Retrospective Studies, Seasons, Sex Distribution, Epidemiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Virology, Altitude, medicine, Viral, Incidence (epidemiology), Environmental and Occupational Health, Tick-borne encephalitis, Retrospective cohort study, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Encephalitis Viruses, Friuli venezia giulia, Geography, Encephalitis, RNA, tick-borne encephaliti, Public Health
Abstract

Italy is considered at low incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), and the occurrence of human cases of TBE appears to be geographically restricted to the north east of the country. However, most information to date derives from case series, with no systematic data collection. To estimate incidence rates (IR) and spatial distribution of TBE cases, we conducted a retrospective study in north-eastern Italy. Data were collected through the infectious disease units and public health districts of three regions (Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trentino Alto Adige and Veneto) between 2000 and 2013. Overall, 367 cases were identified (IR: 0.38/100,000). The cases’ median age was 56 years and 257 (70%) were male. Central nervous system involvement was reported in 307 cases (84%). Annual fluctuations in case numbers occurred, with peaks in 2006 and in 2013, when 44 and 42 cases were respectively observed. A strong seasonality effect was noted, with the highest number of cases in July. In terms of geographical location, three main endemic foci with high TBE IR (> 10/100,000) were identified in three provinces, namely Belluno (Veneto region), Udine (Friuli Venezia Giulia) and Trento (Trentino Alto-Adige). When investigating the whole study area in terms of altitude, the IR between 400 and 600 m was greater (2.41/100,000) than at other altitudes (p< 0.01). In conclusion, the incidence of TBE in Italy is relatively low, even considering only the three known affected regions. However, three endemic foci at high risk were identified. In these areas, where the risk of TBEV infection is likely high, more active offer of TBE vaccination could be considered.

Published
2015

3. Human and entomological surveillance of West Nile fever, dengue and chikungunya in Veneto Region, Italy, 2010-2012

Author

Bisoffi, Zeno, Capelli, G, Angheben, A, Giobbia, M, Conforto, M, Franzetti, M, Cattelan, Am, Raise, E, Rovere, P, Mulatti, P, Montarsi, F, Drago, A, Barzon, L, Napoletano, G, Zanella, F, Pozza, F, Russo, F, Rosi, P, Palù, G, Bisoffi, Z, Summer Fever Study Group, Concia, Ercole, Francavilla, E, Marranconi, F, Pellizzer, G, Scotton, P, Sgarabotto, D, Brugnaro, P, Del Bravo, P, Ferretto, R, Masini, G, Mondardini, V, Viviani, F, Piovesan, C, Postiglione, C, Cattai, M, Conti, A, Cusinato, R, Degani, M, Forti, A, Franchin, E, Gion, M, Marcante, R, Modolo, E, Pacenti, M, Rassu, M, Rigoli, R, Scarin, M, and Tonolli, Elisabetta

Subjects
Adult, Male, Veterinary medicine, Aedes albopictus, Adolescent, viruses, Dengue virus, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, West Nile, Dengue fever, Dengue, Young Adult, Culex pipiens, medicine, Animals, Humans, Chikungunya, Horses, Alphavirus infection, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Travel, Surveillance, Alphavirus Infections, Outbreak, virus diseases, Dengue Virus, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Insect Vectors, Infectious Diseases, Culicidae, Italy, Epidemiological Monitoring, Chikungunya Fever, Female, Horse Diseases, Chikungunya virus, West Nile virus, Malaria, West Nile Fever, Research Article
Abstract

Background Since 2010 Veneto region (North-Eastern Italy) planned a special integrated surveillance of summer fevers to promptly identify cases of West Nile Fever (WNF), dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV). The objectives of this study were (i) To increase the detection rate of imported CHIKV and DENV cases in travellers from endemic areas and promptly identify potential autochthonous cases.(ii) To detect autochthonous cases of WNF, besides those of West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease (WNND) that were already included in a national surveillance. Methods Human surveillance: a traveler who had returned within the previous 15 days from endemic countries, with fever >38°C, absence of leucocytosis (leukocyte count 38°C for

Published
2013

4. Estimating minimum adult HIV prevalence: A cross-sectional study to assess the characteristics of people living with HIV in Italy

Author

Margherita Busso, Tullio Prestileo, Ermenegildo Francavilla, Marco Anselmo, Francesco Montella, Evangelista Sagnelli, Teresa Santantonio, Massimo Galli, Marcello Saitta, Giuseppe Foti, Cecilia Guariglia, Franco Baldelli, Simona Di Gianbenedetto, Pierluigi Viale, Francesco Castelli, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Angelo Pan, Gabriella D’Ettore, Maria Dorrucci, Salvatore Bruno, Tiziana Quirino, Mariangela Raimondo, Alessandro Bartoloni, Vinicio Manfrin, Giovanni Mazzarello, Eugenio Mantia, Raffaele Pempinello, Antonio Traverso, Barbara Suligoi, Fabio Bulla, Pietro Mesina, Alessia Zoncada, Gianfranco Orofino, Oliviero Bosco, Gianmichele Moise, Angelo Salomone Megna, Roberto Ferretto, Mauro Valle, Manuela Colafigli, Claudio Paternoster, S. Artioli, Giovanni Riccio, Stefania Bernardi, Paolo Grossi, Milena Zoppi, Sebastiano Maiuzzo, Giorgio Perboni, Sauro Tini, Giuseppe Ferrea, Nicoletta Ladisa, Enzo M. Farinella, Daniela Francisci, Dino Sgarabotto, Roberto Monarca, Enzo Petrelli, A. Franco, Izzo Cm, Pietro Bellissima, Francesco Ortu, Laura Sighinolfi, Antonio Chirianni, Filippo Bartalesi, Giulio De Stefano, Claudia Colomba, Laura Camoni, Salvatore Galvagna, Benedetto Maurizio Celesia, Andrea Petrucci, Camillo Baretti, Pierluigi Brugnaro, Federica Poletti, Maurilio Chimenti, Camilla Ajassa, Mario Falciano, Rosaria La Sala, Sauro Luchi, V. Portelli, Annamaria Degli Antoni, Francesco Mazzotta, Giuliano Zuccati, Vincenzo Colangeli, Ercole Concia, Giordano Madeddu, Maria Cristina Salfa, Francesca Cattelan, Nicola Acone, Vincenza Regine, Olivia Bargiacchi, Maurizio de Martino, F. Paoletti, Giovanni Cassola, Giuliano Schettino, Carlo De Stefano, Enza Anzalone, D. Aquilini, Giacomo Magnani, Vanni Borghi, Roberta Gastaldi, Alessandra Govoni, Cristina Rossi, Rita Consolini, Gioacchino Angarano, Gloria Taliani, Tommaso Fontana, Sergio Lo Caputo, Davide Vitullo, Pierpaolo Congedo, Emanuela Vaccher, Paolo Viganò, Maria Stella Mura, Claudio Cancellieri, Enrico Girardi, Francesca Savalli, Cecilia Fico, Anna Maria Cattelan, Alessandro Chiodera, Renzo Scaggiante, P. Osimani, Caterina Bramato, Nicola Pietrosillo, Giovanna D'Alessio, Salvatore Bonfante, Vincenzo Vullo, Andrea Gori, Margherita Dalessandro, Domenico Lucchino, Massimo Deseraca, Paolo Tundo, Alfredo Pennica, M. Paoloni, Antonella Castagna, Nicola Serrao, Paolo Costa, Franco Marranconi, Massimo Villa, Pietro Filippini, Maurizio Setti, Eligio Pizzigallo, Marco Tinelli, Mauro Marchili, Domenico Santoro, Cesira Nencioni, Piera Dones, Vincenzo Renda, Alberto Giannetti, Domenico La Rovere, Nicoletta Dorigoni, Guido Palamara, Angelo Iodice, Clara Gabiano, Peter Mian, Luigi Guarnieri, Andrea De Luca, Nicola Tripodi, Giovanni Cristina, Giustino Parruti, Maria Montroni, Loredana Palvarini, Marco Rizzi, Benvenuto Grisorio, Corrado Catalani, Paolo Emilio Manconi, Jacopo Vecchiett, Tiziana Carli, Riccardo Iapoce, Massimo Andreoni, Adriano Lazzarin, Giorgetta Casalino Finocchio, D Sacchini, Mario Gobber, Spartaco Sani, Marco Campus, Rosario La Rosa, Maurizio Mazzeo, Stefano Bonora, Michele Trezzi, Paolo Bassi, Angela La Gala, Alessandro Grimaldi, Dante Di Giammartino, Guido Leo, Gaetano Filice, Antonio Salvo, Paolo Bonfanti, Chiara Pasqualini, Marcello Tavio, Luca Butini, N. Abrescia, Angela Linzalone, Gianpaolo Natalini Ramponi, Pierangelo Rovere, Piero Cortese, Dario Bartolozzi, F. Resta, Miriam Lichtner, Loredana Sarmati, Francesco Cesario, Renato F. Frongillo, Ivano Mezzaroma, Carlo Ferrari, Lorenzo Minoli, Paola Di Stefano, Lucina Titone, Rosa Boncoraglio, Mariana Farenga, Giuliano Rizzardini, Stefano Aviani Barbacci, Andrea Giacometti, Andrea Antinori, Antonio Caterini, Consuelo Geraci, Piergiorgio Chiriacò, Lucio Cosco, Claudio Viscoli, Alfredo Scalzini, Sandro Piga, Massimo Arlotti, Cecilia Occhino, Roberto Luzzati, Paola Sabbatini, Guglielmo Borgia, Umberto Tirelli, Antonio Davi, Letizia Cristiano, Cristina Mussini, Roberto Cauda, Patrizio Vittucci, B. Salassa, Marco Libanore, Maria Pina Sciotti, Isa Picerno, Matteo Bassetti, Benedetto Caroleo, Oswald Moling, Danilo Tacconi, Massimo Puoti, Camoni, Laura, Raimondo, Mariangela, Dorrucci, Maria, Regine V, Salfa MC, CARPHA Study, Group, Lazzarin, Adriano, Castagna, Antonella, Camoni, L, Raimondo, M, Dorrucci, M, Regine, V, Salfa, M, Suligoi, B, Di Giammartino, D, Parruti, G, Di Stefano, P, Paoloni, M, D'Alessandro, M, Grimaldi, A, Sciotti, M, Pizzigallo, E, Vecchiett, J, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, De Stefano, G, Linzalone, A, Cesario, F, Cosco, L, Caroleo, B, Foti, G, Serrao, N, Lucchino, D, Chirianni, A, Abrescia, N, Pempinello, R, Izzo, C, Borgia, G, Filippini, P, Sagnelli, E, Iodice, A, Megna, A, D'Alessio, G, Acone, N, Mazzeo, M, Sacchini, D, Ferrari, C, Degli Antoni, A, Magnani, G, Mussini, C, Borghi, V, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Sighinolfi, L, Libanore, M, Govoni, A, Cancellieri, C, Bassi, P, Arlotti, M, Luzzati, R, Bassetti, M, Tirelli, U, Vaccher, E, Moise, G, Palamara, G, Bernardi, S, Falciano, M, Vullo, V, D'Ettore, G, Renda, V, Guariglia, C, Taliani, G, Mezzaroma, I, Paoletti, F, Ajassa, C, Gastaldi, R, Andreoni, M, Sarmati, L, Montella, F, Antinori, A, Giannetti, A, Pietrosillo, N, Girardi, E, Pennica, A, Cauda, R, Colafigli, M, Di Gianbenedetto, S, Caterini, A, Monarca, R, Barbacci, S, Ramponi, G, Marchili, M, Anzalone, E, Lichtner, M, Ferrea, G, Cassola, G, Viscoli, C, Mazzarello, G, Setti, M, Artioli, S, Riccio, G, Finocchio, G, Anselmo, M, Rizzi, M, Scalzini, A, Castelli, F, Quirino, T, Santoro, D, Pan, A, Zoncada, A, Bonfanti, P, Viganò, P, Villa, M, Tinelli, M, Perboni, G, Palvarini, L, Costa, P, Puoti, M, Galli, M, Rizzardini, G, Monforte, A, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Gori, A, Minoli, L, Filice, G, Grossi, P, Giacometti, A, Tavio, M, Montroni, M, Butini, L, Osimani, P, Petrelli, E, Chiodera, A, Vittucci, P, Sabbatini, P, Pasqualini, C, Valle, M, Zoppi, M, Mantia, E, Schettino, G, Deseraca, M, Vitullo, D, Bargiacchi, O, Orofino, G, Bramato, C, Busso, M, Salassa, B, Farenga, M, Bonora, S, Leo, G, Poletti, F, Gobber, M, Cristina, G, Gabiano, C, Mian, P, Moling, O, Paternoster, C, Dorigoni, N, Fontana, T, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, La Rovere, D, Fico, C, Bulla, F, Santantonio, T, Grisorio, B, Chiriacò, P, Congedo, P, Tundo, P, Resta, F, Cristiano, L, Mura, M, Madeddu, G, Mesina, P, Piga, S, Campus, M, Manconi, P, Ortu, F, Salvo, A, Baretti, C, La Sala, R, Bellissima, P, Bonfante, S, Galvagna, S, Celesia, B, La Rosa, R, Maiuzzo, S, Guarnieri, L, Bruno, S, Picerno, I, Tripodi, N, Farinella, E, Occhino, C, Titone, L, Colomba, C, Prestileo, T, Saitta, M, Dones, P, Boncoraglio, R, Davi, A, Franco, A, Portelli, V, Savalli, F, Geraci, C, Chimenti, M, Luchi, S, Catalani, C, Trezzi, M, Aquilini, D, Sani, S, Nencioni, C, Carli, T, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Zuccati, G, Iapoce, R, Consolini, R, Bartolozzi, D, Bartoloni, A, Bartalesi, F, DE LUCA, A, De Martino, M, Tacconi, D, Tini, S, Baldelli, F, Francisci, D, Frongillo, R, Traverso, A, Francavilla, E, Ferretto, R, Marranconi, F, Manfrin, V, Cortese, P, Rossi, C, Cattelan, F, Petrucci, A, Brugnaro, P, Sgarabotto, D, Scaggiante, R, Cattelan, A, Bosco, O, Concia, E, Rovere, P, Regine, Vincenza, Salfa, Maria Cristina, Suligoi, Barbara, and Luzzati, Roberto

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), MEDLINE, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, medicine, HIV Infection, HIV, prevalence, Italy, Cross-Sectional Studie, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), HIV, Retrospective cohort study, Hiv prevalence, Northern italy, Anti-Retroviral Agent, business, Viral load, Human, Demography
Abstract

In 2012, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the number of people living with HIV linked to care and, among these, the number of people on antiretroviral therapy. The health authority in each of the 20 Italian Regions provided the list of Public Infectious Diseases Clinics providing antiretroviral therapy and monitoring people with HIV infection. We asked every Public Infectious Diseases Clinic to report the number of HIV-positive people diagnosed and linked to care and the number of those on antiretroviral therapy during 2012. In 2012, 94,146 people diagnosed with HIV and linked to care were reported. The majority were males (70.1%), Italians (84.4%), and aged between 25 and 49 years (63.4%); the probable route of transmission was heterosexual contact in 37.5% of cases, injecting drug use in 28.1%, and male-to-male contact in 27.9%. Among people in care, 20.1% had less than 350 CD4 cells/μl, 87.6% received antiretroviral therapy, and among these, 62.4% had a CD4 cell count higher than 350 cells/μl. The overall estimated prevalence of individuals diagnosed and linked to care in 2012 in Italy was 0.16 per 100 residents (all ages). Adding the estimated proportion of undiagnosed people, the estimated HIV prevalence would range between 0.19 and 0.26 per 100 residents. In Italy, the majority of people diagnosed and linked to care receive antiretroviral therapy. A higher prevalence of individuals diagnosed and linked to care was observed in Northern Italy and among males. More information for developing the HIV care continuum is necessary to improve the entire engagement in care, focusing on test-and-treat strategies to substantially reduce the proportion of people still undiagnosed or with a detectable viral load.

Published
2015

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