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The preoperative diagnosis of abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst, in association with ventriculoperitoneal shunts, was made in two patients. Computed tomography and/or ultrasound and radiologicol procedures of choice to demonstrate and localize these cysts.

Familial polyposis coli and Gardner's syndrome have identical colonic manifestations. Recent evidence has shown that both conditions are associated with occult osteomatous lesions in the mandible. We present 3 patients from 2 families with familial polyposis coli who, in addition to the colonic lesions, also had occult osteomatous mandibular lesions. The value and practical application of radiography of the mandible as an additional diagnostic aid in familial polyposis coli are emphasized.

One of the most effective treatment modalities for tumors of the head and neck has been radiation therapy. In a small number of cases, delayed radiation necrosis of the brain is a dreaded and devastating complication of radiation therapy. The imaging studies (radionuclide brain scan, cerebral angiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) in 12 cases of histologically proven, delayed radiation necrosis of the brain are analysed. While both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can depict radiation necrosis with great sensitivity, however, the ability of these imaging techniques to differentiate between radiation necrosis and recurrent or residual brain tumor is low.

The computed tomographic findings in 54 patients with intracranial meningioma are presented. Computed tomography is a rapid, noninvasive and highly accurate method of diagnosing intracranial meningioma and, in most cases, the findings are specific for this tumor.

The computed tomography (CT) findings in 5 patients with tuberous sclerosis are presented. CT is recommended as a rapid, non-invasive, easily repeated investigative procedure for patients with clinically suspected tuberous sclerosis and epilepsy of unknown origin.

We present a prospectus on the use of computer graphics for the three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization of brain lesions from computed tomographic head examinations, including an algorithm that utilizes surface contour information to reconstruct and display three-dimensional anatomical sites. We provide examples of the use of this algorithm. We offer an algorithm for estimation of the volume and surface area of anatomical sites. The advantages and disadvantages for the clinical use of these algorithms are discussed.

Two paraplegic men with post-traumatic syringohydromyelia presented initially with neuropathic arthropathy of the elbow and shoulder, respectively. Both patients had sustained spinal trauma years earlier and had been lost to orthopedic and neurosurgical follow-up study. Characteristic history and physical findings were present in both patients. Conventional myelography failed to demonstrate the lesion in the first patient. The diagnosis in the second patient was confirmed by lumbar injection of low-dose metrizamide followed by immediate and delayed computerized axial tomography in the supine and lateral positions. Both patients were treated by surgical decompression and subarachnoid shunts with arrest of the neurologic deterioration. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of patients with post-traumatic syringohydromyelia presenting with neuropathic joints. The present case reports illustrate the need for long-term follow-up studies of patients with spine injury in specialty clinics. The use of computerized axial tomography and low-dose intrathecal metrizamide is advocated for diagnosing post-traumatic syringohydromyelia.