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Opportunistic prenatal infection is a recognized problem in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women from inner city communities. We report a case of intrapartum Salmonella typhi infection and discuss the possible route of infection. An HIV-infected pregnant woman was admitted for fever and ruptured membranes. Maternal blood, cervical and uterine cultures, and placental surface and intramembranous space cultures grew S typhi. The patient responded to antibiotic therapy, with no relapse. The infant did not show signs or symptoms of Salmonella sepsis. Salmonella infection should be treated aggressively in HIV-infected pregnancies with chorioamnionitis and postpartum endometritis.

A pregnant woman was diagnosed with central nervous system toxoplasmosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Diagnosis was made by evaluating computed tomography scan results and toxoplasma antibody titers. The patient was treated with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, with an excellent fetal outcome. She responded well to this regimen but developed a delayed exanthematous hypersensitivity reaction. Treatment with a substitute regimen resulted in a recurrence of symptoms, leaving undesirable neurologic deficits.