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Background: In emergency departments, for some patients, death is preceded by a decision of withholding or withdrawing life‐sustaining treatments. This concerns mainly patients over 80, with many comorbidities. The decision‐making process of these decisions in emergency departments has not been extensively studied, especially for noncommunicating patients. Aim: The purpose of this study is to describe the decision‐making process of withholding and withdrawing life‐sustaining treatments in emergency departments for noncommunicating patients and the outcome of said patients. Design We conducted a prospective multicenter study in three emergency departments of university hospitals from September 2015 to January 2017. Results: We included 109 patients in the study. Fifty‐eight (53.2%) patients were coming from nursing homes and 52 (47.7%) patients had dementia. Decisions of withholding life‐sustaining treatment concerned 93 patients (85.3%) and were more frequent when a surrogate decision maker was present 61 (65.6%) versus seven (43.8%) patients. The most relevant factors that lead to these decisions were previous functional limitation (71.6%) and age (69.7%). Decision was taken by two physicians for 80 patients (73.4%). The nursing staff and general practitioner were, respectively, involved in 31 (28.4%) and two (1.8%) patients. A majority of the patients had no advance directives (89.9%), and the relatives were implicated in the decision‐making process for 96 patients (88.1%). Death in emergency departments occurred for 47 patients (43.1%), and after 21 days, 84 patients (77.1 %) died. Conclusion: There is little anticipation in end‐of‐life decisions. Discussion with patients concerning their end‐of‐life wishes and the writing of advance directives, especially for patients with chronic diseases, must be encouraged early. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]