1. 2022 roadmap on low temperature electrochemical CO2 reduction
- Author
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Stephens, Ifan EL, Chan, Karen, Bagger, Alexander, Boettcher, Shannon W, Bonin, Julien, Boutin, Etienne, Buckley, Aya K, Buonsanti, Raffaella, Cave, Etosha R, Chang, Xiaoxia, Chee, See Wee, da Silva, Alisson HM, de Luna, Phil, Einsle, Oliver, Endrődi, Balázs, Escudero-Escribano, Maria, de Araujo, Jorge V Ferreira, Figueiredo, Marta C, Hahn, Christopher, Hansen, Kentaro U, Haussener, Sophia, Hunegnaw, Sara, Huo, Ziyang, Hwang, Yun Jeong, Janáky, Csaba, Jayathilake, Buddhinie S, Jiao, Feng, Jovanov, Zarko P, Karimi, Parisa, Koper, Marc TM, Kuhl, Kendra P, Lee, Woong Hee, Liang, Zhiqin, Liu, Xuan, Ma, Sichao, Ma, Ming, Oh, Hyung-Suk, Robert, Marc, Cuenya, Beatriz Roldan, Rossmeisl, Jan, Roy, Claudie, Ryan, Mary P, Sargent, Edward H, Sebastián-Pascual, Paula, Seger, Brian, Steier, Ludmilla, Strasser, Peter, Varela, Ana Sofia, Vos, Rafaël E, Wang, Xue, Xu, Bingjun, Yadegari, Hossein, and Zhou, Yuxiang
- Subjects
Engineering ,Materials Engineering ,Climate Action ,Responsible Consumption and Production ,Affordable and Clean Energy ,electrocatalysis ,CO2 reduction ,electrochemistry ,solar fuels ,Chemical engineering ,Electrical engineering ,Mechanical engineering - Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is an attractive option for storing renewable electricity and for the sustainable production of valuable chemicals and fuels. In this roadmap, we review recent progress in fundamental understanding, catalyst development, and in engineering and scale-up. We discuss the outstanding challenges towards commercialization of electrochemical CO2R technology: energy efficiencies, selectivities, low current densities, and stability. We highlight the opportunities in establishing rigorous standards for benchmarking performance, advances in in operando characterization, the discovery of new materials towards high value products, the investigation of phenomena across multiple-length scales and the application of data science towards doing so. We hope that this collective perspective sparks new research activities that ultimately bring us a step closer towards establishing a low- or zero-emission carbon cycle.
- Published
- 2022