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2 results on '"Didacus Namanya"'

1. Acute gastrointestinal illness in an African Indigenous population: the lived experience of Uganda's Batwa

Author

Kaitlin Patterson, Sierra Clark, Lea Berrang-Ford, Shuaib Lwasa, Didacus Namanya, Fortunate Twebaze, IHACC Research Team, and Sherilee Harper

Subjects
Africa, Batwa, acute gastrointestinal illness, Health Belief Model, Indigenous health, mixed methods, Special situations and conditions, RC952-1245, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction: Indigenous populations in low-income regions are often the most acutely affected by social gradients that impact health, including high burdens of infectious disease. Using a mixed methods approach, this study characterized the lived experience of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) in an Indigenous Batwa population in south-western Uganda. Methods: Quantitative data analyses were conducted on data from three cross-sectional census surveys of Batwa conducted in January 2013 (n=583), January 2014 (n=569) and April 2014 (n=540). Using a 14-day recall period, cases of AGI were defined as three or more loose stools or any vomiting in a 24-hour period. These analyses were supplemented by qualitative data from key informant interviews (n=11 interviews) and Batwa focus group discussions (n=61 participants). Results: From the surveys, episodes of diarrhea and episodes of vomiting lasted on average 3.6 (95%CI 2.3-4.3) and 3.0 (95%CI 2.1-3.9) days, and individuals experienced an average of 4.3 (95%CI 3.9-4.8) and 2.6 (95%CI 2.1-3.1) loose stools and vomiting episodes in 24 hours. Focus group participants and key informants indicated that episodes of AGI for Batwa were not limited to symptom-based consequences for the individual, but also had economic, social and nutritional impacts. Conclusion: Despite efforts to increase health literacy in disease transmission dynamics, risks and prevention measures, the perceived barriers and a lack of benefits still largely underscored adopting positive AGI prevention behaviors. This study moved beyond surveillance and provided information on the broader community-level burden of AGI and highlighted the current challenges and opportunities for improved uptake of AGI prevention measures for the Batwa.

Published
2020
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2. A Longitudinal Analysis of Mosquito Net Ownership and Use in an Indigenous Batwa Population after a Targeted Distribution

Author

Sierra Clark, Lea Berrang-Ford, Shuaib Lwasa, Didacus Namanya, Sabastian Twesigomwe, IHACC Research Team, Manisha Kulkarni, and Anglewicz, P

Subjects
Male, Insecticides, Mosquito Control, lcsh:Medicine, Distribution (economics), Social Sciences, Geographical Locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Sociology, Environmental protection, Surveys and Questionnaires, Global health, Medicine and Health Sciences, Uganda, 030212 general & internal medicine, Longitudinal Studies, lcsh:Science, Socioeconomics, Child, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Family Characteristics, Multidisciplinary, Social Research, Under-five, 1. No poverty, Agriculture, 3. Good health, Mosquito control, Geography, Indigenous Populations, Child, Preschool, Mosquito net, Female, Agrochemicals, Research Article, Adult, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, parasitic diseases, medicine, Parasitic Diseases, Humans, Adults, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, education, Socioeconomic status, Demography, business.industry, lcsh:R, Ownership, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Biology and Life Sciences, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Malaria, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Socioeconomic Factors, Age Groups, Anthropology, People and Places, Africa, lcsh:Q, Population Groupings, Self Report, business
Abstract

Major efforts for malaria prevention programs have gone into scaling up ownership and use of insecticidal mosquito nets, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the malaria burden is high. Socioeconomic inequities in access to long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are reduced with free distributions of nets. However, the relationship between social factors and retention of nets after a free distribution has been less studied, particularly using a longitudinal approach. Our research aimed to estimate the ownership and use of LLINs, and examine the determinants of LLIN retention, within an Indigenous Batwa population after a free LLIN distribution. Two LLINs were given free of charge to each Batwa household in Kanungu District, Uganda in November 2012. Surveyors collected data on LLIN ownership and use through six cross-sectional surveys pre- and post-distribution. Household retention, within household access, and individual use of LLINs were assessed over an 18-month period. Socioeconomic determinants of household retention of LLINs post-distribution were modelled longitudinally using logistic regression with random effects. Direct house-to-house distribution of free LLINs did not result in sustainable increases in the ownership and use of LLINs. Three months post-distribution, only 73% of households owned at least one LLIN and this period also saw the greatest reduction in ownership compared to other study periods. Eighteen-months post distribution, only a third of households still owned a LLIN. Self-reported age-specific use of LLINs was generally higher for children under five, declined for children aged 6–12, and was highest for older adults aged over 35. In the model, household wealth was a significant predictor of LLIN retention, controlling for time and other variables. This research highlights on-going socioeconomic inequities in access to malaria prevention measures among the Batwa in southwestern Uganda, even after free distribution of LLINs, and provides critical information to inform local malaria programs on possible intervention entry-points to increase access and use among this marginalized population.

Published
2015

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