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A new Asian species of Crepidotus (Basidiomycota, Agaricales), C. asiaticus, is presented based on morphological and nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) and large subunit (28S) sequence data. This new species, found in India and Thailand, is characterized by the centrally stipitate medium-sized basidiomata, orange to reddish brown pileus, white to brownish orange lamellae, and white stipe. Based on morphology, C. asiaticus is similar to the neotropical C. thermophilus. However, the microscopic characters, especially the size and shape of the basidiospores, can be used to distinguish these two taxa, as well as their geographic distributions. Further, the phylogenetic position of C. asiaticus is unique based on ITS and 28S nuc rDNA sequences. Melanomphalia argipoda, described by Singer from Ecuador, is also a stipitate Crepidotus based on an ITS sequence of the type specimen, so the new combination is proposed here. Phylogenetically, the three species form a monophyletic group with the Asiatic C. asiaticus forming the sister lineage to the neotropical C. argipodus and C. thermophilus.

Eleven species of Inocybe, a highly diverse genus of ectomycorrhizal Agaricales, are documented from tropical India in Kerala State. Seven species are described as new. Furthermore, I. pileosulcata is reported from India for the first time. I. virosa, not previously validated, is validated here. Gross morphological and microscopic descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic affiliations are provided. Seven species feature nodulose or spinose basidiospores and belong to the Inocybe clade. The remaining four species are characterized by the combination of smooth spores and absence of pleurocystidia. Two of these share an alliance with the Pseudosperma clade, and the other two with the Inosperma clade. All 11 species likely share an ecological association with lowland tropical Dipterocarpaceae. The new combination I. mucidiolens is made (formerly I. calamistrata var. mucidiolens).

Auritella foveata C. K. Pradeep & Matheny is described as new from mixed evergreen forests in tropical India. The species is distinctive due to the combination of a pitted-rugulose pileus, smooth subglobose spores, and chains of elongated thick-walled cheilocystidia. The latter two traits characterise the tropical African species A. aureoplumosa (Watling) Matheny & Bougher. Phylogenetic analysis of a supermatrix of rpb1, rpb2, and nLSU-rRNA gene regions supports the placement of A. foveata as sister to the remaining species of Auritella, a genus with a paleotropical and southern hemisphere distribution. A key to all eight species of the genus is provided together with illustrations of the new species.

Two new species of Pluteus collected in Kerala State (India) are described based on morphological and molecular (nrITS) characters. Pluteus brunneosquamulosus of sect. Celluloderma is characterized by the squamulose, ‘Lepiota-like’, pileus, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores, cheilocystidia with a long flexuous neck and lageniform or narrowly utriform caulocystidia. Pluteus velutinus belongs in sect. Hispidoderma and is unique in its shallowly depressed, hygrophanous, orange-brown, \velvety, squamulose pileus, the pleurocystidia very commonly provided with an apical digitate projection up to 10 μm long or tapering towards apex and the pileipellis as a trichoderm or trichohymeniderm. P. chrysaegis from India and P. conizatus var. africanus from Africa are considered synonymous based on morphological and molecular evidence.

In order to better understand species delimitation in the Pluteus glaucotinctus species complex, we present a detailed study based on morphological and DNA sequence (nrITS + tef1) data. Pluteus glaucotinctus sensu stricto is known only from the type collection (Democratic Republic of the Congo), which is re-examined here. Four other species are recognized in this complex and described herein as new: P. izurun from Spain, P. meridionalis from Brazil, P. padanilus from India and P. thoenii from Africa. Phylogenetic analyses based on nrITS + tef1 sequence data support the recognition of all species in this complex.

Hygrocybe rubida, a new species in subsection Squamulosae of section Coccinea, collected from tropical evergreen forests of Western Ghats of Kerala is formally described. The species is characterized by a bright red, dry pileus and stipe; ovoid to subamygdaliform spores; a distinctly sterile lamella-edge with crowded cheilocystidia and a trichodermial pileipellis.

A new species of Phylloporus from Kerala State, India is described, illustrated and discussed based on morphological and molecular characters. The phylogenetic relationship with related species based on ITS sequences is also provided.