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Start Over Descriptor "Autonomic responses" Topic aging
3 results on '"Autonomic responses"'

1. Effects of Age and Mild Cognitive Impairment on the Pain Response System.

Author

Kunz, Miriam, Mylius, Veit, Schepelmann, Karsten, and Lautenbacher, Stefan

Subjects
*AGING, *DEMENTIA, *COGNITIVE ability, *HEART beat, *REGRESSION analysis, *PATHOLOGICAL physiology
Abstract

Background: Both age and dementia have been shown to have an effect on nociception and pain processing. The question arises whether mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which is thought to be a transitional stage between normal ageing and dementia, is also associated with alterations in pain processing. Objective: The aim of the present study was to answer this question by investigating the impact of age and MCI on the pain response system. Methods: Forty young subjects, 45 cognitively unimpaired elderly subjects and 42 subjects with MCI were investigated by use of an experimental multi-method approach. The subjects were tested for their subjective (pain ratings), motor (RIII reflex), facial (Facial Action Coding System) and their autonomic (sympathetic skin response and evoked heart rate response) responses to noxious electrical stimulation of the nervus suralis. Results: We found significant group differences in the autonomic responses to noxious stimulation. The sympathetic skin response amplitude was significantly reduced in the cognitively unimpaired elderly subjects compared to younger subjects and to an even greater degree in subjects with MCI. The evoked heart rate response was reduced to a similar degree in both groups of aged subjects. Regression analyses within the two groups of the elderly subjects revealed that age and, in the MCI group, cognitive status were significant predictors of the decrease in autonomic responsiveness to noxious stimulation. Except for the autonomic parameters, no other pain parameter differed between the three groups. Conclusion: The pain response system appeared to be quite unaltered in MCI patients compared to cognitively unimpaired individuals of the same age. Only the sympathetic responsiveness qualified as an indicator of early aging effects as well as of pathophysiology associated with MCI, which both seemed to affect the pain system independently from each other. Copyright © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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2. Vasopressin prolongs behavioral and cardiac responses to mild stress in young but not in aged rats

Author

Pgm Luiten, Jm Koolhaas, Béla Bohus, Csaba Nyakas, Bauke Buwalda, and Buwalda lab

Subjects
Male, Bradycardia, Senescence, medicine.medical_specialty, Vasopressin, STRESS, Injections, Subcutaneous, INJECTIONS, Hemodynamics, VASOPRESSIN, HEART-RATE, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Motor Activity, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN, AGING, Electrocardiography, Behavioral Neuroscience, Heart Rate, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Internal medicine, Heart rate, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, BRAIN, AUTONOMIC RESPONSES, medicine.diagnostic_test, MEMORY, Heart, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Rats, OXYTOCIN, Electrophysiology, Endocrinology, Oxytocin, BRADYCARDIA, Nerve Net, medicine.symptom, ORIENTATION, Arousal, Psychology, medicine.drug, IMMOBILITY BEHAVIOR
Abstract

In young male Wistar rats sudden silence superimposed on low intensity background noise evokes a relative decrease in heart rate. This bradycardia is accompanied by immobility behavior. In the present study, involving young (3 month), late-adult (14 month), aged (20 month), and senescent (25 month) rats the magnitude of the stress-induced bradycardia shows an age-related reduction while the behavioral immobility response remained unchanged during the process of aging. Arginine-8-vasopressin (AVP, 6 μg/kg SC) administered 60 min prior to the experiment led to a prolonged behavioral and cardiac stress response in young and late-adult rats, but not in aged and senescent animals. The peripheral and central mechanisms possibly involved in the failure of systemically applied AVP to improve bradycardiac stress responses in aged rats are discussed.

Published
1992

3. Behavioral and cardiac responses to mild stress in young and aged rats: Effects of amphetamine and vasopressin

Author

Béla Bohus, Bauke Buwalda, Jaap M. Koolhaas, and Buwalda lab

Subjects
Bradycardia, Vasopressin, medicine.medical_specialty, Aging, Dextroamphetamine, HEART-RATE, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Immobility behavior, Motor Activity, Autonomic Nervous System, Stress, Behavioral Neuroscience, Electrocardiography, Heart Rate, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Internal medicine, Heart rate, medicine, Animals, BRAIN, Amphetamine, medicine.diagnostic_test, Behavior, Animal, Heart, Neural Inhibition, Rats, Inbred Strains, Vagus Nerve, Autonomic responses, Atenolol, Rats, Arginine Vasopressin, Atropine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Anesthesia, Peripheral nervous system, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Arousal, Stress, Psychological, medicine.drug
Abstract

Young (3-month-old) male Wistar rats showed a relative decrease in heart rate to a sudden silence superimposed on low intensity background noise. This bradycardia was accompanied by immobility behavior. In 26-month-old rats the magnitude of the heart rate response was reduced while immobility behavior remained in the same order of magnitude as in young controls. In the aged rats a shift in autonomic regulation of heart rate in the direction of increased sympathetic influence was indicated by the results obtained by blocking the autonomic input with atropine methyl-nitrate (0.5 mg/kg) or atenolol (1 mg/kg) given subcutaneously (SC) 30 min prior to testing. Pretest (30 min) administration of amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg SC) reinstated the bradycardiac response in aged rats to a level seen in young ones. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP, 10 micrograms/kg SC), administered 60 min before the experiment, markedly facilitated the cardiac response in young animals but failed to restore cardiac responses in aged ones. The immobility behavior in the peptide-treated aged rats was also absent. The present findings suggest that a diminished central aminergic drive in aged rats is causing a reduction of the parasympathetic cardiac response to stress of sudden silence. The results also indicate an age-related vasopressinergic modulation of behavioral and cardiac responses to mild stress.

Published
1992

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