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In order to encourage rubber agribusiness activities, farmers need adequate information and reliable sources of information to achieve their goals. To meet information needs, farmers develop communication networks between farmers and their actors. This research aims to describe the sociogram of the communication network of rubber farmers in self-help patterns,and analyze the relationship between farmer characteristics and communication networks.This research conducted in Batu Bersurat Village XIII Koto Kampar District. The method used in this research is the census method and the study respondents were taken as many as 42 farmers. The results of this research indicate that the structure of the communication network formed in rubber farmers approached the radial personal networkstructure .Based on the correlation test results indicate that the characteristics of rubber farmers related to locall centrality are, extent of land tenure, cosmopolity, intensity of counseling, and number of sources of information. Correlation test results indicate that the characteristics of rubber farmers related to globall centrality are level of education, extent of land tenure, cosmopolity, intensity of counseling, and number of sources of information.Correlation test results indicate that the characteristics of rubber farmers related to betwenness are extent of land tenure, cosmopolity, intensity of counseling, and number of sources of information.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of rubber farmer communications through the identification of internal and external characteristics and the communication process reviewed from elements of communication. This research applied a survey method in two villages in Gunung Toar sub-district through an interview to 83 respondents by using purposive sampling method. The analysis of the scale of Likert used to analyze the level of cosmopolitan and external characteristics. Descriptive analysis used to analyse the communication processes reviewed from communication elements. Characteristics of the internal and external rubber farmers are: 99% of age-productive respondents, 89% male gender, 42% high school educated and undergraduated, 77% have medium land area (0.5 – 2 ha), 71% experienced farming between 11-20 years, 58% have Between 3-4 people, the level of cosmopolitan respondents judged ineffective. The intensity of the respondents’ rubber counseling is quite effective, the accuracy of the counseling channel is quite effective, and information source is quite effective. The communication process consists of extension, farmer group core management, touke, trader and others as source of information. Message in the form of information about farming in the upstream, cultivation, downstream and supporting subsystems. Media is in the form of meetings, WhatsApps, cellphones, brochures, and rubber farmers as communicants. Feedback in the form of agree, ready to try and rejection feedback. The physical environment is in the village office, sub-district office and in the direct field and counseling is held once a week. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komunikasi petani karet melalui identifikasi karakteristik internal dan karakteristik eksternal serta proses komunikasi yang ditinjau dari unsur-unsur komunikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei pada dua desa di Kecamatan Gunung Toar melaui wawancara responden yang berjumlah 83 responden menggunakan kuesioner. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis skala likert yang digunakan untuk menganalisis tingkat kosmopolitan dan karakteristik eksternal. Analisis deskriptif yang digunakan untuk menganalisis proses komunikasi yang ditinjau dari unsur-unsur komunikasi. Karakteristik internal dan eksternal petani karet yaitu: 99% responden berusia produktif, 89% berjenis kelamin laki-laki, 42% berpendidikan SMA dan S1, 77% memiliki luas lahan sedang (0,5 – 2 ha), 71% berpengalaman usahatani antara 11-20 tahun, 58% memiliki tanggungan antara 3-4 orang, tingkat kosmopolitan responden dinilai tidak efektif. Intensitas penyuluhan karet responden cukup efektif, ketepatan saluran penyuluhan cukup efektif, sumber informasi cukup efektif. Proses komunikasi yang terjadi yaitu: penyuluh, pengurus inti kelompok tani, touke, pedagang dan lainnya sebagai sumber informasi. Pesan berupa informasi tentang usahatani pada subsistem hulu, budidaya, hilir dan penunjang. Media berupa pertemuan, whatsapp, handphone dan brosur, petani karet sebagai komunikan. Feedback berupa feedback setuju, siap mencoba dan penolakan. Lingkungan fisik yaitu di kantor desa, kantor camat dan di lapangan langsung serta penyuluhan dilaksanakan satu kali seminggu.

Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Riau yang memiliki potensi besar pada sektor perkebunan, khususnya perkebunan karet.Hampir 30% dari total produksi karet Provinsi Riau bersumber dari Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Keberhasilan sektor ini tidak terlepas dari peran penyuluhan. Adapun tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah; (1) Meningkatkan pengetahuan penyuluh dan kontaktani tentang penggolongan dan karakteristik media penyuluhan pertanian;(2) Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan penyuluh dan kontaktani dalam memilih media penyuluhan pertanian yang efektif; (3) Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan penyuluh dan petani dalam pembuatan media penyuluhan pertanian dalam bentuk media video penyuluhan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan dengan tahapan presentasi dan diskusi dengan peserta dan praktek pembuatan video penyuluhan. Kegiatan dihadiri oleh 30 orang peserta,yang terdiri dari penyuluh dan petani karet. Kegiatan telah mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan penyuluh dan petani karet tentang media-media penyuluhan, dan pemilihan media penyuluhan yang efektif, serta memiliki keterampilan dalam membuat video penyuluhan. Pembinaan lebih lanjut masih terus dilakukan, sehingga peran penyuluh dapat meningkat.

This research aims to determine the internal characteristics and external characteristics of rubber farmers in self-help patterns and the communication process in Subdistrict XIII Koto Kampar, Kampar District.. Based on data on the area of ​​rubber plantations and the amount of rubber production in Riau Province has decreased in the last four years. This is caused by various factors, one of which is due to farmers' communication processes that are running poorly or not as expected. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the internal and external characteristics of independent smallholder rubber farmers and the communication process through the elements of communication using survey methods, sample selection with purposive sampling method and Likert scale analysis tools and descriptive analysis. Based on Likert scale analysis, internal characteristics and external characteristics of rubber farmers in District XIII Koto Kampar, Kampar Regency are in the moderate category (quite good). The communication process in this study is seen from the elements of communication, namely communicators, messages, media, communicants, effects, feedback, place and time dimensions

Communication is an essential part of the process of development. Therefore, effective communication is needed to achieve development goals. Rubber is the second largest commodity in Riau Province, after oil palm, and most of rubber commodities are managed by independent rubber farmers. Successful development of rubber farming is needed in order to increase the income and welfare of rubber farmers. However, effective communication is needed to achieve these objectives. The objectives of this study are to; (1) describe the internal and external characteristics of rubber farmers; (2) analyze the relationship between the characteristics and the effectiveness of the communication by rubber farmers. Research was conducted in two potential rubber commodity districts in Riau Province, e.g Kuantan Singingi Regency and Kampar Regency. Respondents in this study were determined by objective sampling and random sampling methods, with 143 rubber farmers as respondents. The results showed (1) the internal characteristics and external characteristics of the rubber farmers in an adequately supportive category; (2) the internal characteristics (education, number of dependents, land area and cosmopolitan area) and the external characteristics (intensity of enhancement, accuracy of extension channels and number of sources of information) have a significant correlation with the efficacy are significant correlated with the effectiveness of group and interpersonal communication. In order for effective communication in farmer group institutions (group communication), it is necessary to increase the intensity of extension, appropriate media extension and increase the number of information sources that are easily accessible by rubber farmers.

The concept of the factors that influence the behavior of farmers in receiving Operasi Pangan Riau Makmur program (OPRM) needs to be done to determine the most significant effect on the program’s accepting. The designing of a model before the implementation of a program, is expected to minimize the unusable things in reality. Modeling analysis SEM (structural equation model) which is used in behavior of farmer’s research designed so as to find a suitable model. Three exogenous variables used in this research, the characteristics of farmers, extension of competence, and competence of the management of farmer groups. Each of these exogenous variables formed by eight indicators, so it is could explain that the skills, systematic program delivery, mastery of the program, and time management, are not included in the indicator models that is affecting the behavior of fa rmers as endogenous variables, to accept or deny the existence of the program. Farmer behavior is further analyzed the suitability of the model with the independence of farmers. Suitability models were constructed and analyzed is expected to be used by the government or related agencies, before involving the farmers as participants.

The aims of this research are: (1) To determine the implementation of KRPL Programs, (2) To analyzing dominant indicator and influence of characteristic of innovation, communication channels, agent of change, community leaders and characteristic farmers. The research was conducted in 11 villages of Pelalawan Regency in 2013. The population is manager and members of farmers as 360 people which were taken 174 people as samples. The method used is descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Models (SEM). The research showed implemention of KRPL program in Pelalawan regency accepted Rp. 47.000.00 for each group. The coast was spent for environment industry like the source of food or cattle and fish.The most dominant indicator that influences characteristic of innovation is concord of program, for communication channel is social media, for agent of change is keep the program and prevent it from any sticking, for community leaders is to educator and the characteristic of farmer is subsistence level. Farmers habit in deciding the dominant is using confirmation step. The most influent variable of farmers habit is characteristic innovation.

The rubber on-farm subsystem is an important part of rubber commodity development. Communication is an important part of the on-farm subsystem carried out by farmers because the communication network formed describes the farmer’s communication pattern. The research aims to analyze the communication networks on-farm rubber in Riau and was conducted in two potential districts for rubber commodities in Riau Province, which are Kuantan Singingi Regency and Kampar Regency. To obtain research data, respondents were determined by purposive and snowball sampling. The number of respondents in this research was 168 rubber farmers. The results of the research showed that the on-farm communication network of rubber farmers in Kampar Regency, in a centralized pattern form (interlocking personal network), indicated that there are individuals dominant in the communication network of rubber farmers. Meanwhile, the communication network for rubber farmers in Kuantan Singingi Regency, with a radial personal network, confirmed that the farmer information centers have begun to spread to several individuals. It is necessary to introduce institutional and communication technology, so that farmer information centers are not limited on only certain individuals, and farmers have choice of information sources that can increase knowledge and help to solve problems for rubber farmers in Riau Province.

Oil palm plantations are a potential commodity of Riau Province and the highest contributor to palm oil production in Indonesia. The development of agricultural science and technology, which is disseminated through various media, is a source of information for farmers. However, the availability of information sources does not guarantee that farmers will benefit from the information. This is influenced by media literacy from these farmers. This research aimed at analyzing the media’s literacy of oil palm farmers. The research was conducted in three districts with potential oil palm at Riau Province. They are Pelalawan District, Rokan Hilir District and Rokan Hulu District. The respondents of oil palm farmers were 185 farmers, which were selected by stratified random sampling. This research applied Likert Summated Rating Scale (LSRS) method. The results of this research are: The literacy level of oil palm farmers is in the medium level (average score of 1.72), while for three aspects which are technical skill and critical understanding are in the medium level and communication skill is basic level. Role of government and related parties are needed to help improve the literacy level of oil palm farmers. This is necessary so that the farmers together with extension workers, will be ready to face the challenge of the development of science and technology in the oil palm industry, by utilizing the development of information and communication technologies such as smartphones.

The difference between the production and productivity of smallholders with private estates describe that the extension is still not carry out the role of extension in accordance with Act No 16 of 2006 or that known as SP3K. This will certainly have an impact on performance and memandirikan educator in empowering farmers. Performance can be seen how the extension educator preparation, implementation and evaluation and reporting on the role of counseling was run. The limited number of extension workers to meet one on one village extension will result in the workload becomes larger extension. This study aims to analyze: (1) The performance of agricultural extension; (2) The level of farmer empowerment, and (3) Independence of farmers in the cultivation of rubber and oil palm. Research methods using ex post facto, (analyze and assess the factual events that occurred on the field), with a sample of 240 farmers (120 smallholders and 120 rubber farmers from four districts in Riau province. Analysis using the Scale Likert’s Summated Rating (SLR). The results of the study illustrate that the extension has been conducting outreach with good especially in preparatory education. Activities undertaken have made quite helpless farmers, but farmers still unable to act independently plantations in doing farming oil palm and rubber. Based on our research, it is suggested extension workers to improve their performance in the extension program, for farmers to improve the quality of human resources and productive economic business for rubber and oil palm commodities, and the government should make efforts to improve the farmers’ marketing institutions to reduce the dependence of farmers on toke.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the production cost, efficiency level and marketing process of pineapple chips business, and to analyze the institutionl support of pienapple chips agroindustry. The study was conducted by survey method from 12 pineapple chips entrepreneurs, chosen by census sampling method in Kuala nenas village in 2012. Data were analyzed by descriptive method. The growing number of pineapple chips enterprenur was followed by the increasing number of machine owned by the enterpreneur, ranging from 1-4 unit facum frying machine for each enterpreneur. The average production cost of pineapple chips produced by 4 times production process scheme/ day are Rp.15.514.749 for 1 machine, Rp. 34.199.267 for 2 machine, and Rp. 62.515.120 for 3 machine. The average production cost of pineaplle chips, produced by 3 times production scheme/ day with 4 unit machine is Rp. 57.478.340. The efficiency levels ranging between 1,27 (the average efficiency of 1 unit machine) up to 1,78 (the average efficiency of 4 unit machine). While the value added obtained per unit machine is abour 9 million rupiah or 38.000/kg. Some of the products (60%) were marketed through broker or wholesaler, the others (40%) were directly sold to the consument using their own brands. In the accessibility of the enterprenurs to financial institution, the enterprenuers were able to obtained the capital assistance from BMUN, micro economic and banking institutions.