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Seedlings of Shorea seminis were inoculated with spores or mycelium of two ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, Pisolithus arhizus and Scleroderma columnare, and were grown in pots containing sterilized peat soil for seven months. The percentage of ECM colonization was 35-37% in roots inoculated with mycelium and 61–65% in roots inoculated with spores. ECM colonization increased shoot height and biomass of S. seminis. It also increased shoot nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptakes in S. seminis. A positive relationship was found between N or P uptake and shoot biomass of S. seminis inoculated with both ECM fungi. This has implications for the successful regeneration of dipterocarps seedlings and rehabilitation in degraded tropical rain forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]