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Fujian Province, located on the southeast coast of China, is a typical province of surrounding mountain and sea. Nanping City is a representative mountainous city in Fujian which lay in northernmost district of Fujian Province. Zhangzhou City, adjacent to the Straits, is located at the southernmost tip of Fujian Province. This geographical difference makes the industrial characteristics differences between the two cities, and therefore, the air pollution emission characteristics shows significant differences. In this study, we establish the emission inventory of urban air pollution sources in Nanping and Zhangzhou City of Fujian Province in 2017, and identified the emission characteristics of air pollution sources in the two places. Results show that atmospheric pollutant emissions in Nanping city is less than those in Zhangzhou city. Discrepancy of pollutant emissions from small to large is: VOCs, PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOx with the proportion of 29%, 62%. 64%, 75% and 76%, respectively. Which is influenced by the different industrial structures and transportations of two cities between two regions. It is significant to design the targeted prevention and control measures of air pollution in Fujian Province. Moreover，a expect to make references to study emission characteristics and manage air quality of other mountainous and coastal cities in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]