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This paper analyses choice of airport and access mode in the region of Cologne, Germany. It uses a nested logit approach enhanced by several innovations to improve model applicability in the real world. The paper considers both private and business travellers, and applies models for seven different market segments defined by journey purpose and type of destination. The research aims to show how airport and access mode characteristics interact in a complex way to determine choice of airport and access mode. In particular, the importance of good airport access for high-speed trains and the supply of direct and low-cost flights to selected destinations are highlighted and quantified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the relationship between air traffic and on-site employment for 17 German airports categorised as international airports. The empirical analysis includes several regressions using data on passenger numbers and workload units handled as well as employment data structured into different job categories. The paper suggests a rule of thumb that one million additional passengers per annum generate 500 on-site jobs at German airports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper gives an overview of how Fraport plans future check-in facilities for Frankfurt Airport. It shows how, in a structured approach, the project team defined state-of-the-art and future check-in process variables and analysed the role of special check-in units within these processes. The basic assumptions were verified by an airline survey at Frankfurt Airport. Finally, the paper outlines a planning procedure implementing three planning steps: a linear calculation scheme, followed by a terminal layout phase and a detailed simulation of the newly designed check-in hall. It is shown how changes in the new check-in process might increase terminal capacity and meet airline expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last 15 years, privatisation and commercialisation in the airport industry have contributed to a substantial number of benchmarking studies. International studies commonly conclude that German airports are inefficient in comparison with other airports in Europe and in particular with non-European countries. Using benchmarking studies by ATRS and TRL this paper analyses the factors behind the poor performance of German airports. Economies of scale and scope and the high degree of vertical integration are identified as potential reasons for the disappointing performance. The paper closes with an overview of the authors' own research project, the German Airport Performance (GAP) study, which will address changes of ownership structure, competition and economic regulation on the performance of German airports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the quantitative relationship between the number of air travellers in a region and the airports chosen in Germany in 2003. The paper presents results of an analysis of airport choice behaviour of total air passenger demand in Germany, based on data from the German air traveller survey conducted at 17 international and five regional airports. Approximately 210,000 passengers were interviewed about their trip origin, destination, choice of travel mode to the airport, purpose of their journey and further related journey and personal attributes. As a result of analysing these data, the distribution of airports chosen by passengers coming from different regions in Germany can be shown in relation to the journey purpose and destination. Based on these data, logit models have been calibrated for each market segment to forecast airport choice in relation to the accessibility and attractiveness of airports. The research in the present paper is intended to describe the formulation, estimation and application of an airport choice model by market segment for use in a subsequent paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper applies combining forecasts of air travel demand generated from the same model but over different estimation windows. The combination approach used resorts to Pesaran and Pick ( Journal of Business Economics and Statistics 2011; 29: 307-318), but the empirical application is extended in several ways. The forecasts are based on a seasonal Box-Jenkins model (SARIMA), which is adequate to forecast monthly air travel demand with distinct seasonal patterns at the largest German airport: Frankfurt am Main. Furthermore, forecasts with forecast horizons from 1 to 12 months ahead, which are based on different average estimation windows, expanding windows and single rolling windows, are compared with baseline forecasts based on an expanding window of the observations after a structural break. The forecast exercise shows that the average window forecasts mostly outperform the alternative single window forecasts. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seeking to critically engage with German post-war politics of memory through a study of material culture, this paper examines the political implications of absence for archaeological work. More specifically, it confronts the problem of the lacuna of the archive of the Holocaust and explores how we can productively engage the archival absences that animate the present. Introducing first results from archaeological excavations at a former forced labour camp at Tempelhof airfield in Berlin, Germany, I discuss how archaeology, by investigating what remains after the Holocaust, may allow us to manifest absence, loss and historical silence. Analysing the role of objects of memory in storytelling and history writing, I also lay out how tender a task an archaeological study of the Nazi past is, pointing out where our work may risk to misappropriate history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kyklos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents an experimental analysis of the antenna system effects on polarimetric measurements conducted with cloud radars operating in the linear depolarization ratio (LDR) mode. Amplitude and phase of the copolar and cross-polar antenna patterns are presented and utilized. The patterns of two antennas of different quality were measured at the Hungriger Wolf airport near Hohenlockstedt, Germany, during the period from 28 January to 1 February 2014. For the measurements a test transmitter mounted on a tower and the scanning 35-GHz (Ka band) cloud radar MIRA-35, manufactured by METEK GmbH and operated in the receiving mode, were used. The integrated cross-polarization ratios (ICPR) are calculated for both antennas and compared with those measured in light rain. Correction algorithms for observed LDR and the co-cross-channel correlation coefficient ρ are presented. These algorithms are aimed at removing/mitigating polarization cross-coupling effects that depend on the quality of radar hardware. Thus, corrected LDR and ρ are primarily influenced by scatterer properties. The corrections are based on the decomposition of the coherency matrix of the received signals into fully polarized and nonpolarized components. The correction brings LDR values and the co-cross-channel correlation coefficients from two radars with different antenna systems to a close agreement, thus effectively removing hardware-dependent biases. Uncertainties of the correction are estimated as 3 dB for LDR in the range from −30 to −10 dB. In clouds, the correction of the co-cross-channel correlation coefficient ρ results in near-zero values for both vertically pointed radars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a measurement model for general noise reaction (GNR) in response to aircraft noise is developed to assess the performance of aircraft noise annoyance and a direct measure of general reaction as indicators of this concept. For this purpose GNR is conceptualized as a superordinate latent construct underlying particular manifestations. This conceptualization is empirically tested through estimation of a second-order factor model. Data from a community survey at Frankfurt Airport are used for this purpose (N=2206). The data fit the hypothesized factor structure well and support the conceptualization of GNR as a superordinate construct. It is concluded that noise annoyance and a direct measure of general reaction to noise capture a large part of the negative feelings and emotions in response to aircraft noise but are unable to capture all relevant variance. The paper concludes with recommendations for the valid measurement of community reaction and several directions for further research.

AhlfeldtG. M. and MaennigW. External productivity and utility effects of city airports,Regional Studies. This paper uses a micro-level data set for residential and commercial property transactions to investigate external utility and productivity effects for three (city) airports in Berlin, Germany, in a spatial hedonic analysis. It finds strong evidence of adverse noise effects on property prices and a discontinuity at approximately 55 dB. Marginal price effects decrease significantly in the presence of alternative noise sources, which can lead to biased estimates if the interaction effect is not accounted for appropriately. Given that there is less evidence of positive accessibility effects, the result questions the justification for locating airports in city centres. AhlfeldtG. M. and MaennigW. 外部性以及城市机场设施效应，区域研究。 本文使用居住以及商业财产转移的微观层面的数据在空间享乐分析中考察了德国柏林三个机场的外部设施以及财产效应。研究发现，噪音效应对于房产价格产生负面影响，以及在约 55 分贝处的不连续性。在存在替代噪音源的情况下，边缘价格效应显著减少，在没有恰当地考虑互动效应的情况下，会导致有偏差的预测。假设正面可达性效应证据不足，将机场设于城市中心的正当性将会受到质疑。 可达性 机场噪音 商业地产 居住地产 房产价格 柏林 AhlfeldtG. M. et MaennigW. Les effets de productivité et d'utilité externes des city-airports,Regional Studies. À partir d'une analyse hédonique géographique, cet article cherche à employer un ensemble de microdonnées auprès des transactions sur les marchés immobiliers résidentiel et commercial, afin d'examiner les effets d'utilité et de productivité externes pour troiscity-airportssitués à Berlin, en Allemagne. Il s'avère des preuves solides des nuisances sonores des avions sur le prix du foncier, et d'une discontinuité à 55dB environ. Les effets de prix marginaux diminuent sensiblement en présence d'autres sources de nuisances sonores, ce qui pourrait amener à des estimations partiales si on ne tient pas compte de l'effet d'interaction comme il faut. Vu que rares sont les preuves des effets d'accessibilité positifs, les résultats mettent en doute la logique de construire des aéroports en pleine ville. Accessibilité Nuisances sonores des avions Immobilier commercial Immobilier résidentiel Prix du foncier Berlin AhlfeldtG. M. und MaennigW. Externe Produktivitäts- und Nutzeneffekte von City-Airports,Regional Studies. Dieser Beitrag verwendet Mikro-Daten aus der Kaufpreissammlung Berlins, um am Beispiel der drei Berliner (City-)Flughäfen auf deren potentielle externe Produktivitäts- und Nutzeneffekte von Stadt-Flughäfen zu testen. Wir finden signifikant negative Effekte des Fluglärms auf die Immobilienpreise, welche bei unter ca. 55 dB ihre Signifikanz verlieren. Die preismindernden Effekte des Fluglärms verringern sich signifikant, wenn andere Lärmquellen existieren. Eine Nichtberücksichtigung dieses Zusammenhangs kann zu verzerrten Schätzern führen. Vor dem Hintergrund nur begrenzter Evidenz von lokalen Erreichbarkeits- bzw. Anbindungseffekten durch Flughäfen hinterfragen unsere Ergebnisse die Sinnhaftigkeit von Flughäfen in innerstädtischen Lagen. Erreichbarkeit Anbindung Fluglärm Gewerbeimmobilien Wohnimmobilien Immobilienpreise Berlin AhlfeldtG. M. y MaennigW. Productividad externa y efectos de utilidad en aeropuertos urbanos,Regional Studies. Mediante un análisis hedonista espacial, en este artículo utilizamos un grupo de datos a nivel micro sobre transacciones de propiedades residenciales y comerciales para investigar los efectos de la utilidad externa y la productividad de tres aeropuertos urbanos de Berlín, Alemania. Observamos importantes indicios de efectos negativos del ruido en los precios de la vivienda, que pierden su relevancia a partir de valores por debajo de aproximadamente 55 dB. Los efectos marginales en el precio disminuyen de modo significativo si existen otras fuentes de ruido, lo que puede llevar a cálculos sesgados si el efecto de interacción no se tiene en cuenta apropiadamente. Dado que hay pocas evidencias de efectos positivos de accesibilidad, el resultado cuestiona la justificación para ubicar aeropuertos en centros urbanos. Accesibilidad Ruido de aviones Propiedades comerciales Propiedades residenciales Precios de la propiedad inmobiliaria Berlín [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A central prediction of a large class of theoretical models is that industry location is not uniquely determined by fundamentals. Despite the theoretical prominence of this idea, there is little systematic evidence in support of its empirical relevance. This paper exploits the division of Germany after World War II and the reunification of East and West Germany as an exogenous shock to industry location. Focusing on a particular economic activity, an air hub, we develop a body of evidence that the relocation of Germany's air hub from Berlin to Frankfurt in response to division is a shift between multiple steady states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The German Aerospace Center has developed and applied a “classical” four-step model of forecasting passenger and flight volume at German airports for many years. However, it has become increasingly difficult to update and verify the model because of a lack of specific data. We have therefore developed a more versatile model based upon co-integration theory, which directly forecasts passenger and flight volume at German airports. The paper describes the model approaches and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of both the classical and new model approaches. The model includes demand shocks and estimated GDP-elasticity is 1.31. The model has been employed to estimate the effects of Brexit on traffic volume at German airports for the years 2016–2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Climate impact analysis of air transport from Germany. • Scenario dependent forecast of passenger flights from Germany. • Scenario dependent forecast of specific emissions by traffic regions. • Focus on both CO 2 and NO x emissions. • Forecast of climate impact effects for three scenarios up to the year 2100. Transport is considered to be a major contributor to emissions, resulting in a deterioration of local air quality and contributing to global climate change. The present paper focuses on how passenger flights departing from German airports contribute to global climate change. We describe in detail, how traffic forecasts for three scenarios entitled Reference, Free Play and Regulated Shift have been developed and how the resultant emissions have been quantified. Subsequently, we applied a climate model, providing insights into the very long-term climate effects under different assumptions on emissions up to the year 2100. The modelling framework shows that the development of emissions results from complex interactions of demand development and supply decisions, which highly influence the climate impact. With this paper, we show that an integrated, multi-disciplinary analysis can create valuable indicators and advice for transport policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management of non-core commercial activities has become a key issue amongst the leverages for improving modern airport industry. Today airports have increased dramatically their dependence on non-aeronautical revenues, which on average account for half of all revenues with this share being highly heterogeneous across regions and airports. Using a dataset of German airports, this paper discusses the improvement of commercial revenues by exploring its determinants. Previous contributions assessed the impact of a selected set of variables non-aviation revenues. Such approach was mainly the effect of multicollinearity, as the majority of relevant variables are strongly correlated to the size of the structures. We address this issue by using ridge regression and partial least squares. Results suggest the potential conflict of non-aviation revenues per passenger and per square meter with the need to expand the number of passengers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information is presented on the 1st International Colloquium on Airports and Spatial Development, held at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany, on July 9-10, 2009. It is stated that the purpose of the Colloquium was to examine real estate development at airports. At the event, keynote address titled "Airport and city: a double-edged relationship" was presented by professor Thomas Sieverts.

The air traffic situation at German airports is characterised by intense capacity utilisation at the most important airports and rather low utilisation at many other airports. Although since 2001 overall traffic stagnates, air transport movements (ATMs) at hub airports are growing further. In this paper, we will describe airport traffic and capacity, discuss traffic forecasts and compare future volumes of ATMs with capacity at German airports. Means of de-peaking the spatial utilisation of airports will be presented. It will be shown that in less than 10 years time Germany needs additional runway capacity, which will most likely not be provided. Lacking this solution supply spreading measures and business models are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the airport/airline choice behavior of tourists for Saxony/Germany. We employ flexible parametric choice methods (mixed logit) in order to test the effect of standard attributes on the choice probability. In addition we extend existing literature with the introduction of parking charges in the choice experiment. Our results show a significant and negative impact of parking charges on airport choice probability. Thus, we can compute high elasticities of parking charges for tourists. These results suggest, that airport managers have in form of parking policies a powerful policy instrument as they can directly affect the size of the airport catchment area. • We test the impact of parking charges on the tourists' airline/airport choices. • We develop a discrete choice experiment for airline/airport choices. • We estimate mixed logit models. • We compute elasticities for airport parking charges. • We design utility based airport catchment areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The import of products of animal origin (POAO) in travellers’ personal consignments presents a considerable risk of introducing animal diseases and emerging zoonoses into the European Union. The current regulation (EU) 206/2009 implements strict measures for illegally imported POAO, whereupon non-complying products have to be seized and destroyed regardless. Especially airports serve as global bottlenecks for illegally imported POAO where passenger controls of non-European flights are performed by customs and veterinary services in collaboration. Results of these control measures have to be submitted in the form of annual reports to the European Commission. However, few data on qualities and quantities of seizures have been published so far. In this study, POAO seized at two German airports between 2010 and 2014 were analysed in terms of quantities, qualitative categories and region of origin. In most years considered, more than 20 tonnes POAO were seized at each airport. However, reported amounts of seizures seem to be only the tip of the iceberg as an all-passenger control is not feasible and therefore travellers are only spot-checked. The analysis suggests that the organisational structures of both customs and official veterinary services and their different risk perceptions interfere in completing an effective ban on the illegal import of POAO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During two field measurement campaigns aircraft wake vortex trajectory and wind measurement data have been collected at Frankfurt airport. Three different approaches have been used to analyse the data in order to estimate crosswind threshold values supporting vortex-free corridors for departing aircraft. Although several competing effects such as wake vortex transport in and out of ground effect, temporal and spatial wind variability, and the spreading of aircraft trajectories after take-off, complicate the analyses, all three approaches lead to similar crosswind thresholds. Employing standard instrumentation at 10 m, a minimum crosswind threshold of 3.5-4.6 m s−1 has been identified to clear a safety corridor of 150 m width from wake vortices with a 95% probability within 60 s. Alternative estimations of crosswind thresholds employing different instrumentation and different height ranges are reported. Crosswind thresholds can be reduced if the wind is measured close to the air mass in which the vortices evolve. A definite crosswind threshold for operational use cannot be deduced solely from this study since critical factors such as risk and safety assessment have not yet been taken into account. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GlobeGround Berlin is one of the major ground-handling companies in Germany. Since the late 1990s, GlobeGround Berlin had been owned by Berlin Airports (51 per cent) and Lufthansa (49 per cent). Based on a strategic assessment of the investment, the two shareholders decided to sell their shares in GlobeGround Berlin in 2007. Following a year-long public tender process, WISAG, a German facility management company, was selected as buyer. The deal was closed in June 2008. This is the first time a German airport has sold all its shares in its ground-handling company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]