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Experimental and simulated I-V characteristics of silicon carbide (SiC) nanowire-based field-effect transistors (NWFETs) are presented. SiC NWs were fabricated by using the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism in a chemical vapor deposition system. The diameter of fabricated SiC NWs varied from 60 up to 100 nm while they were some micrometers long. Their I-V characteristics were simulated with SILVACO software, and special attention was paid to explore the role of NW doping level and NW/dielectric interface quality. The fabricated SiC-based NWFETs exhibit a mediocre gating effect and were not switched-off by varying the gate voltage. Based on the simulations, this is a result of the high unintentional doping (estimated at 1 × 1019 cm-3) and the poor NW/dielectric interface quality. Moreover, a homemade algorithm was used to investigate the ideal properties of SiC-based NWFETs in ballistic transport regime, with NW lengths of 5-15 nm and a constant diameter of 4 nm for which the carrier transport is fully controlled by quantum effects. This algorithm self-consistently solves the Poisson equation with the quantum nonequilibrium Green function formalism. In the ballistic regime, devices with undoped SiC NWs exhibit superior theoretical performances (transconductance: ∼ 43.2 × 10-6 A/V and ION/IOFF = 1.6 × 105 for a device with 9-nm NW length) based on their simulated characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]